Recent advances in polyolefin plastic waste upcycling via mild heterogeneous catalysis route from catalyst development to process design DOI Creative Commons

Haokun Wang,

Shik Chi Edman Tsang

Cell Reports Physical Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 102075 - 102075

Published: July 1, 2024

Plastics, integral to modern life since their inception, pervade our daily existence. However, conventional approaches managing plastic waste, especially polyolefin pose significant challenges resources and the environment. Recent years have witnessed remarkable advancements in realm of waste management through traditional heterogeneous catalysis pathways, notably under mild conditions such as hydrocracking, hydrogenolysis, metathesis. In this comprehensive review, we offer a systematic overview spanning catalyst development process design engineering. We intricately compare various reaction routes, elucidate mechanisms, rigorously evaluate processes. Additionally, present insights into future directions for both academic research industrial recycling via routes at conditions.

Language: Английский

Hydrogen-free catalytic depolymerization of waste polyolefins at mild temperatures DOI Creative Commons

Julia N. Hancock,

Julie E. Rorrer

Applied Catalysis B Environment and Energy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 338, P. 123071 - 123071

Published: July 6, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Efficient and selective dual-pathway polyolefin hydro-conversion over unexpectedly bifunctional M/TiO2-anatase catalysts DOI Creative Commons
Linxiao Chen, J. Moreira, Laura C. Meyer

et al.

Applied Catalysis B Environment and Energy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 335, P. 122897 - 122897

Published: May 19, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

23
The catalytic pyrolysis of waste polyolefins by zeolite-based catalysts: A critical review on the structure-acidity synergies of catalysts DOI
Yang Ge, Peng Peng, Hailing Guo

et al.

Polymer Degradation and Stability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 222, P. 110712 - 110712

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Polyethylene Upgrading to Liquid Fuels Boosted by Atomic Ce Promoters DOI

Xueting Wu,

Xiao Wang, Lingling Zhang

et al.

Angewandte Chemie, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 136(8)

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Abstract Hydrocracking catalysis is a key route to plastic waste upgrading, but the acid site‐driven C−C cleavage step relatively sluggish in conventional bifunctional catalysts, dramatically effecting overall efficiency. We demonstrate here facile and efficient way boost reactivity of sites by introducing Ce promoters into Pt/HY thus achieving better metal‐acid balance. Remarkably, 100 % low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) can be converted with 80.9 selectivity liquid fuels over obtained Pt/5Ce‐HY catalysts at 300 °C 2 h. For comparison, only gives 38.8 LDPE conversion 21.3 fuels. Through multiple experimental studies on structure‐performance relationship, species occupied supercage are identified as actual active sites, which possess remarkably‐improved adsorption capability towards short‐chain intermediates.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
High-efficiency Ce-modified ZSM-5 nanosheets for waste plastic upgrading DOI
Xiaomei Wang,

Xueting Wu,

Meng Zhao

et al.

Nano Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 5645 - 5650

Published: March 7, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Chloride and Hydride Transfer as Keys to Catalytic Upcycling of Polyethylene into Liquid Alkanes DOI Creative Commons
Wei Zhang,

Hai Yao,

Rachit Khare

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(17)

Published: March 4, 2024

Abstract Transforming polyolefin waste into liquid alkanes through tandem cracking‐alkylation reactions catalyzed by Lewis‐acid chlorides offers an efficient route for single‐step plastic upcycling. Lewis acids in dichloromethane establish a polar environment that stabilizes carbenium ion intermediates and catalyzes hydride transfer, enabling breaking of polyethylene C−C bonds forming alkylation. Here, we show selective deconstruction low‐density (LDPE) to is achieved with anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) gallium (GaCl ). Already at 60 °C, complete LDPE conversion was achieved, while maintaining the selectivity gasoline‐range over 70 %. AlCl showed exceptional rate 5000 , surpassing other acid catalysts two orders magnitude. Through kinetic mechanistic studies, rates do not correlate directly intrinsic strength or steric constraints may limit polymer access sites. Instead, processes cracking alkylation are primarily governed initiation ions subsequent intermolecular transfer. Both jointly control relative alkylation, thereby determining overall selectivity.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Hierarchical FAU Zeolites Boosting the Hydrocracking of Polyolefin Waste into Liquid Fuels DOI
Xinru Zhou, Xinlei Han,

Zhengyan Qu

et al.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(15), P. 6013 - 6022

Published: April 3, 2024

Conventional metal-zeolite catalysts struggle with hydrocracking polyolefin wastes due to a significant mismatch between the size of large polymer molecules and micropores zeolites. This severely constrains diffusion site accessibility, resulting in low efficiency. Here, we unveil simple hydrothermal treatment commercial Y zeolite that creates hierarchical (Y–H), which possesses substantial layers mesoporous nanoflakes on its surface, constructing unique pore architecture. network integrates (ca. 13 nm) medium 4 mesopores original (<1 critically without altering zeolite's topology, crystallinity, or acidity. Compared Pt/Al2O3, Y–H Pt/Al2O3 exhibit remarkable 4-fold increase activity, is attributed enhanced accessibility acid sites, providing sufficient cascade cracking space for macromolecular polyolefins be efficiently converted into small, branched alkanes. Notably, catalyst achieves an impressive 96.8% PE conversion 90.8% selectivity toward value-added gasoline diesel fuels (C5–20) within h at 280 °C. work not only demonstrates pivotal role networks but also highlights their broader applicability plastic waste upcycling.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Catalytic recycling of plastics into value-added products DOI
Tianyu Wei, Pengcheng Zhou, Wenxian Liu

et al.

Nano Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Unraveling the role of water in mechanism changes for economically viable catalytic plastic upcycling DOI Creative Commons
Taeeun Kwon,

Byeongchan Ahn,

Ki Hyuk Kang

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

The surge in global plastic production, reaching 400.3 million tons 2022, has exacerbated environmental pollution, with only 11% of being recycled. Catalytic recycling, particularly through hydrogenolysis and hydrocracking, offers a promising avenue for upcycling polyolefin plastic, comprising 55% waste. This study investigates the influence water on depolymerization using Ru catalysts, revealing promotional effect when both metal acid sites, Brønsted site, are present. Findings highlight impact content, metal-acid balance, their proximity this interaction, as well role modulating isomerization process, affecting product selectivity. Additionally, interaction facilitates suppression coke formation, ultimately enhancing catalyst stability. A comprehensive techno-economic life cycle assessment underscores viability benefits presence water. These insights advance understanding offer strategies optimizing recycling processes. hydrocracking present approach plastics. Here, authors catalytic upcycling, emphasizing that catalysts an optimal balance significantly improve polyethylene is

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Catalytic Consequences of Hierarchical Pore Architectures within MFI and FAU Zeolites for Polyethylene Conversion DOI
Jun Zhi Tan,

Maaso Ortega,

Sophia A. Miller

et al.

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 7536 - 7552

Published: April 30, 2024

The benefits of hierarchical zeolites for the conversion bulky molecules like polymeric waste have been reported in literature; however, impact mesopore sizes and connectivities on rates, product selectivities, catalyst deactivation context plastic upcycling has not systematically probed. Here, we synthesized a suite MFI FAU via desilication under varying conditions metal-free polyethylene reactions batch flow (473–523 K). Polyethylene (solid) rates (normalized by Bro̷nsted acid site density) were higher than parent microporous regardless connectivities, i.e., open or constricted, suggesting that incorporation mesopores facilitates diffusion intermediate products to access medium-pore protons successive scission events. Furthermore, branched:linear gaseous ratios produced MFI, since allow egress bulkier without undergoing further secondary events, e.g., isomerization back linear alkanes/alkenes beta scission. Solid with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr), FAU, likely because presence CTABr recrystallization leached species form composites (hierarchical ordered mesoporous materials) more isolated mesopores. stagnation despite increased volumes (>0.22 cm3 g–1), highlights importance confinement effects provided micropores cleaving C–C bonds at modest reaction conditions. In situ 1H MAS NMR performed zeolite show PE isomerizes (and potentially deconstructs) temperatures near 450 K, highlighting role sites activating mild Catalyst recyclability studies showed all catalysts undergo during reactions, but extents. Overall, materials better stability materials, although differences between are smaller those MFI. Taken together, these findings demonstrate how from can be controlled fine-tuning identity connectivity

Language: Английский

Citations

9