Carbon Neutralization,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(4), P. 557 - 583
Published: May 8, 2024
Abstract
Currently,
the
concentration
of
carbon
dioxide
(CO
2
)
has
exceeded
400
ppm
in
atmosphere.
Thus,
there
is
an
urgent
need
to
explore
CO
reduction
and
utilization
technologies.
Photocatalytic
technology
can
convert
valuable
hydrocarbons
(CH
4
,
CH
3
OH,
C
H
5
etc.),
realizing
conversion
solar
energy
chemical
as
well
solving
problems
fossil
fuel
shortage
global
warming.
Graphitic
nitride
(g‐C
N
),
a
two‐dimensional
nonmetallic
semiconductor
material,
shows
great
potential
field
photoreduction
due
its
moderate
bandgap,
easy
synthesis
method,
low
cost,
visible
light
response
properties.
This
review
elaborates
research
progress
g‐C
‐based
photocatalysts
for
photocatalytic
reduction.
The
modification
strategies
(e.g.,
morphology
engineering,
elemental
doping,
crystallinity
modulation,
cocatalyst
modification,
constructing
heterojunction)
application
have
been
discussed
detail.
Finally,
challenges
development
prospects
materials
are
presented.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
124(7), P. 3694 - 3812
Published: March 22, 2024
Electrocatalytic
water
splitting
driven
by
renewable
electricity
has
been
recognized
as
a
promising
approach
for
green
hydrogen
production.
Different
from
conventional
strategies
in
developing
electrocatalysts
the
two
half-reactions
of
(e.g.,
and
oxygen
evolution
reactions,
HER
OER)
separately,
there
growing
interest
designing
bifunctional
electrocatalysts,
which
are
able
to
catalyze
both
OER.
In
addition,
considering
high
overpotentials
required
OER
while
limited
value
produced
oxygen,
is
another
rapidly
exploring
alternative
oxidation
reactions
replace
hybrid
toward
energy-efficient
generation.
This
Review
begins
with
an
introduction
on
fundamental
aspects
splitting,
followed
thorough
discussion
various
physicochemical
characterization
techniques
that
frequently
employed
probing
active
sites,
emphasis
reconstruction
during
redox
electrolysis.
The
design,
synthesis,
performance
diverse
based
noble
metals,
nonprecious
metal-free
nanocarbons,
overall
acidic
alkaline
electrolytes,
thoroughly
summarized
compared.
Next,
their
application
also
presented,
wherein
anodic
include
sacrificing
agents
oxidation,
pollutants
oxidative
degradation,
organics
upgrading.
Finally,
concise
statement
current
challenges
future
opportunities
presented
hope
guiding
endeavors
quest
sustainable
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
36(4)
Published: Oct. 10, 2023
Abstract
As
one
of
the
most
promising
approaches
to
producing
high‐purity
hydrogen
(H
2
),
electrochemical
water
splitting
powered
by
renewable
energy
sources
such
as
solar,
wind,
and
hydroelectric
power
has
attracted
considerable
interest
over
past
decade.
However,
electrolysis
process
is
seriously
hampered
sluggish
electrode
reaction
kinetics,
especially
four‐electron
oxygen
evolution
at
anode
side,
which
induces
a
high
overpotential.
Currently,
emerging
hybrid
strategy
proposed
integrating
thermodynamically
favorable
electro–oxidation
reactions
with
cathode,
providing
new
opportunity
for
energy–efficient
H2
production.
To
achieve
highly
efficient
cost–effective
toward
large–scale
practical
H
production,
much
work
been
continuously
done
exploit
alternative
anodic
oxidation
cutting–edge
electrocatalysts.
This
review
will
focus
on
recent
developments
production
coupled
reactions,
including
choice
substrates,
investigation
electrocatalytic
materials,
deep
understanding
underlying
mechanisms.
Finally,
some
insights
into
scientific
challenges
now
standing
in
way
future
advancement
technique
are
shared,
hope
inspiring
further
innovative
efforts
this
rapidly
growing
field.
Energy & Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(5), P. 1984 - 1996
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
A
urea-assisted
water
splitting
electrolyzer
based
on
Pt
nanoparticle-anchored
Ni(OH)
2
@Ni-CNF
catalyst
and
Pt@Ni-CNF
is
constructed
for
effectively
reducing
the
energy
consumption
of
H
production.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(3), P. 1552 - 1591
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
review
evaluates
state-of-the-art
advances
in
electrocatalytic
and
photo(electro)catalytic
urea
oxidation
from
fundamentals
materials
to
energy
environmental
applications.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(4)
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Abstract
The
realization
of
seawater
electrolysis
requires
the
development
electrode
materials
that
can
meet
requirements
high
activity,
selectivity,
and
corrosion
resistance.
Herein,
this
work
successfully
prepares
a
molybdate
(MoO
4
2−
)‐modulated
nickel‐iron
oxide
for
via
quick
easy
thermal
shock
method,
with
activity
extraordinary
durability
in
oxygen
evolution
reaction
(OER)
electrolysis.
experimental
analyses
theoretical
calculations
reveal
situ
generated
MoO
on
surface
modulate
stabilize
catalytic
active
phase
γ
‐(Ni,
Fe)OOH,
improving
OER
as
well
play
critical
role
protecting
from
chloride
ions
(Cl
−
)
extended
service
life.
This
catalyst
thus
displays
an
evidently
slow
degradation
rate
20
µV
h
−1
during
long‐term
operation
(>1500
h)
at
100
mA
cm
−2
.
provides
new
viewpoint
design
oxyanion‐modified
catalysts
be
widely
used
to
address
challenges
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
63(16)
Published: Feb. 29, 2024
Abstract
Alkaline
water
electrolysis
(AWE)
plays
a
crucial
role
in
the
realization
of
hydrogen
economy.
The
design
and
development
efficient
stable
bifunctional
catalysts
for
both
evolution
reaction
(HER)
oxygen
(OER)
are
pivotal
to
achieving
high‐efficiency
AWE.
Herein,
WC
1‐x
/Mo
2
C
nanoparticle‐embedded
carbon
nanofiber
(WC
C@CNF)
with
abundant
interfaces
is
successfully
designed
synthesized.
Benefiting
from
electron
transfer
behavior
Mo
,
electrocatalysts
C@CNF
exhibit
superior
HER
OER
performance.
Furthermore,
when
employed
as
anode
cathode
membrane
electrode
assembly
devices,
catalyst
exhibits
enhanced
catalytic
activity
remarkable
stability
100
hours
at
high
current
density
200
mA
cm
−2
towards
overall
splitting.
experimental
characterizations
theoretical
simulation
reveal
that
modulation
d‐band
center
C@CNF,
achieved
through
asymmetric
charge
distribution
resulting
built‐in
electric
field
induced
by
work
function,
enables
optimization
adsorption
strength
hydrogen/oxygen
intermediates,
thereby
promoting
kinetics
This
provides
promising
strategies
designing
highly
active
energy
conversion
fields.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Nov. 13, 2023
Abstract
The
development
of
industry
and
agriculture
has
been
accompanied
by
an
artificially
imbalanced
nitrogen
cycle,
which
threatens
human
health
ecological
environments.
Electrocatalytic
systems
have
emerged
as
a
sustainable
way
converting
nitrogen‐containing
molecules
into
high
value‐added
chemicals.
However,
the
construction
high‐performance
electrocatalysts
remains
challenging.
oxygen
vacancy
engineering
strategy
promoted
more
research
efforts
to
explore
structure‐activity
relationship
between
catalytic
activity
vacancies.
This
review
systematically
summarizes
recent
vacancies‐rich
metal
oxides
for
electro‐catalyzing
cycling
systems,
involving
electrocatalytic
nitrate
reduction
reaction,
nitric
oxide
C─N
coupling,
urea
oxidation
reaction.
First,
methods
characterization
vacancies
are
summarized.
Then,
effect
on
is
discussed
in
terms
regulating
electronic
structures
electrocatalysts,
improving
electroconductivity
catalysts,
lowing
energy
barrier,
strengthening
adsorption
activation
intermediate
species.
Finally,
future
directions
cycle
anticipated.
Small,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(45)
Published: July 11, 2023
Abstract
Compared
with
the
traditional
electrolysis
of
water
to
produce
hydrogen,
urea‐assisted
hydrogen
has
significant
advantages
and
received
extensive
attention
from
researchers.
Unfortunately,
urea
oxidation
reaction
(UOR)
involves
a
complex
six‐electron
transfer
process
leading
high
overpotential,
which
forces
researchers
develop
high‐performance
UOR
catalysts
drive
development
splitting.
Based
on
mechanism
literature
research,
this
review
summarizes
strategies
for
preparing
highly
efficient
catalysts.
First,
is
introduced
characteristics
excellent
are
pointed
out.
Aiming
at
this,
following
modulation
proposed
improve
catalytic
performance
based
summarizing
various
literature:
1)
Accelerating
active
phase
formation
reduce
initial
potential;
2)
Creating
double
sites
trigger
new
mechanism;
3)
adsorption
promoting
C─N
bond
cleavage
ensure
effective
conduct
UOR;
4)
Promoting
desorption
CO
2
stability
prevent
catalyst
poisoning;
5)
electron
overcome
inherent
slow
dynamics
6)
Increasing
or
surface
area.
Then,
application
in
electrochemical
devices
summarized.
Finally,
current
deficiencies
future
directions
discussed.
