ACS Energy Letters,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
7(4), P. 1355 - 1363
Published: March 18, 2022
Vacuum
processing
of
multicomponent
perovskites
is
not
straightforward,
because
the
number
precursors
in
principle
limited
by
available
thermal
sources.
Herein,
we
present
a
process
which
allows
increasing
complexity
formulation
vacuum-deposited
lead
halide
perovskite
films
multisource
deposition
and
premixing
both
inorganic
organic
components.
We
apply
it
to
preparation
wide-bandgap
CsMAFA
triple-cation
solar
cells,
are
found
be
efficient
but
thermally
stable.
With
aim
stabilizing
phase,
add
guanidinium
(GA+)
material
obtained
CsMAFAGA
quadruple-cation
with
enhanced
stability,
as
observed
X-ray
diffraction
rationalized
microstructural
analysis.
The
corresponding
cells
showed
similar
performance
improved
stability.
This
work
paves
way
toward
vacuum
complex
formulations,
important
implications
only
for
photovoltaics
also
other
fields
application.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 16, 2023
Abstract
Vapor
deposition
of
halide
perovskites
presents
high
potential
for
scalability
and
industrial
processing
perovskite
solar
cells.
It
prevents
the
use
toxic
solvents,
allows
thickness
control,
yields
conformal
uniform
coating
over
large
areas.
However,
distinct
volatility
organic
inorganic
components
currently
requires
multiple
thermal
sources
or
two‐step
to
achieve
phase.
In
this
work,
single‐source,
single‐step
MA
1–x
FA
x
PbI
3
thin
film
with
tunable
stoichiometry
by
pulsed
laser
is
demostrated.
By
controlling
ablation
a
solid
target
containing
adjustable
MAI:FAI:PbI
2
ratios,
room
temperature
formation
cubic
α‐phase
films
demonstrated.
The
target‐to‐film
transfer
ablated
species,
including
integrity
molecules
desired
+
:FA
ratio,
confirmed
x‐ray
photoelectron
spectroscopy
solid‐state
NMR.
Photoluminescence
analysis
further
confirms
shift
bandgap
varying
ratio.
Finally,
proof‐of‐concept
n‐i‐p
cells
14%
efficiency
are
demonstrated
as‐deposited
non‐passivated
(PLD)‐MA
.
This
study
opens
path
future
developments
in
industry‐compatible
vapor‐deposition
methods
Energy & Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(20), P. 7566 - 7599
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
work
summarizes
various
degradation
mechanisms
relevant
for
perovskite
photovoltaics
on
different
levels
from
the
single
layers
over
(tandem)
solar
cells
to
modules
hereof
and
their
mitigation
strategies
enable
reliable
modules.
APL Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
9(10)
Published: Oct. 1, 2021
Vapor-based
processes
are
particularly
promising
to
deposit
the
perovskite
thin
film
absorber
of
solar
cells.
These
deposition
methods
up-scalable,
involve
a
controlled
solvent-free
environment,
have
ability
conformally
coat
rough
substrates,
soft,
low-energy
conditions,
compatible
with
shadow
masks
for
patterning,
and
already
widely
deployed
at
industrial
level.
Still,
cells
featuring
layers
processed
these
not
yet
reached
same
performance
as
their
solution-processed
counterparts,
in
part,
due
complexity
controlling
sublimation
organic
precursors.
This
Research
Update
will
discuss
different
vapor-based
that
been
reported
films
reaction
chamber
designs
provide
an
enhanced
control
over
process.
The
second
part
this
then
link
experimental
observations
regarding
layer
properties
depending
on
process
conditions
theoretical
concepts
describing
condensation
precursors
growth
film.
ACS Energy Letters,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
7(4), P. 1355 - 1363
Published: March 18, 2022
Vacuum
processing
of
multicomponent
perovskites
is
not
straightforward,
because
the
number
precursors
in
principle
limited
by
available
thermal
sources.
Herein,
we
present
a
process
which
allows
increasing
complexity
formulation
vacuum-deposited
lead
halide
perovskite
films
multisource
deposition
and
premixing
both
inorganic
organic
components.
We
apply
it
to
preparation
wide-bandgap
CsMAFA
triple-cation
solar
cells,
are
found
be
efficient
but
thermally
stable.
With
aim
stabilizing
phase,
add
guanidinium
(GA+)
material
obtained
CsMAFAGA
quadruple-cation
with
enhanced
stability,
as
observed
X-ray
diffraction
rationalized
microstructural
analysis.
The
corresponding
cells
showed
similar
performance
improved
stability.
This
work
paves
way
toward
vacuum
complex
formulations,
important
implications
only
for
photovoltaics
also
other
fields
application.
