Recent advances in electrodialysis technologies for recovering critical minerals from unconventional sources

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 497, P. 154640 - 154640

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

The global challenge of climate change and the pursuit carbon neutrality drive demand for clean energy technologies, increasing need critical minerals. However, diminishing ore quality supply chain vulnerabilities highlight necessity exploring unconventional mineral sources. This paper assesses potential sources such as low-grade ores, brines, secondary byproducts extracting minerals, focusing on lithium, nickel, cobalt, rare earth elements. Conventional refining techniques struggle with complexity low concentrations found in sources, prompting exploration innovative methods. Electrically driven membrane particularly electrodialysis (ED), show promise selectively transporting metals through ion exchange membranes. combination functionalized membranes advanced ED technologies offers high selectivity specific elements, renewable energy-based operations can minimize environmental impact. Recent advancements ED, including selective liquid demonstrate efficient recovery comprehensive review explores principles recent progress a focus recovering minerals from is structured into three main sections: categorizing properties based latest literature, fundamental underpinning modern investigating breakthroughs separation using technologies. framework highlights efficiently processing diverse adeptly retrieving

Language: Английский

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Toward a Circular Lithium Economy with Electrodialysis: Upcycling Spent Battery Leachates with Selective and Bipolar Ion-Exchange Membranes

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(43), P. 19486 - 19500

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries offers a sustainable solution to reduce ecological degradation from mining and mitigate raw material shortages price volatility. This study investigates using electrodialysis with selective bipolar ion-exchange membranes establish circular economy for batteries. An experimental data set of over 1700 ion concentration measurements across five current densities, two compositions, three pH levels supports the techno-economic analysis. Selective (SED) isolates lithium ions battery leachates, yielding 99% Li-pure retentate 68.8% retention, achieving relative ionic fluxes up 2.41 Li+ transition metal cations selectivity 5.64 monovalent cations. Bipolar membrane (BMED) converts LiCl into high-purity LiOH HCl, essential remanufacturing reducing acid consumption via recycling. High densities leakage, leakage as low 0.03%, though hydronium hydroxide in BMED remains high at 11–20%. Our analysis projects production costs between USD 1.1 3.6 per kilogram, significantly lower than prices. Optimal SED conditions are identified, emphasizing need control proton transport improve cobalt–lithium separation enhance cost efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Machine Learning-Aided Inverse Design and Discovery of Novel Polymeric Materials for Membrane Separation

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Polymeric membranes have been widely used for liquid and gas separation in various industrial applications over the past few decades because of their exceptional versatility high tunability. Traditional trial-and-error methods material synthesis are inadequate to meet growing demands high-performance membranes. Machine learning (ML) has demonstrated huge potential accelerate design discovery membrane materials. In this review, we cover strengths weaknesses traditional methods, followed by a discussion on emergence ML developing advanced polymeric We describe methodologies data collection, preparation, commonly models, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) tools implemented research. Furthermore, explain experimental computational validation steps verify results provided these models. Subsequently, showcase successful case studies emphasize inverse methodology within ML-driven structured framework. Finally, conclude highlighting recent progress, challenges, future research directions advance next generation With aim provide comprehensive guideline researchers, scientists, engineers assisting implementation process.

Language: Английский

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Fast and selective ion transport in ultrahigh-charge-density membranes

Nature Chemical Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Novel Crosslinked Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Thermally Cured Epoxy Resin: Synthesis, Structure and Mechanical and Ion Transport Properties

Membranes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 138 - 138

Published: June 11, 2024

Limitations in existing anion exchange membranes deter their use the efficient treatment of industrial wastewater effluent. This work presents an approach to fabricating novel anion-conducting using epoxy resin monomers like hydrophobic or hydrophilic diglycidyl ether and quaternized polyethyleneimine (PEI). Manipulating nature, quantitative composition copolymer conditions quaternization allows control physicochemical properties membranes, including water uptake (20.0–330%), ion capacity (1.5–3.7 mmol/g), ionic conductivity (0.2–17 mS/cm Cl form at 20 °C), potentiostatic transport numbers (75–97%), as well mechanical properties. A relationship was established between structure conductivity/selectivity trade-off. The higher polyethyleneimine, diluent fraction, hydrophilicity ether, lower permselectivity. Hydrophobic gives a much better ratio since it provides degree hydration than ether. Different mesh non-woven reinforcing materials were also examined. developed demonstrate good stability both neutral acidic environments, benchmark characteristics laboratory electrodialysis cells batch-mode dialysis experiments are similar superior to, commercial such Neosepta© AMX, FujiFilm© Type1, Fumasep FAD-PET.

Language: Английский

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Bound Water Enhances the Ion Selectivity of Highly Charged Polymer Membranes

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(34), P. 45433 - 45446

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Electrochemical technologies for water treatment, resource recovery, energy generation, and storage rely on charged polymer membranes to selectively transport ions. With the rise of applications involving hypersaline brines, such as management desalination brine or recovery ions from there is an urgent need that can sustain high conductivity selectivity under challenging conditions. Current are constrained by inherent trade-off between selectivity, alongside concerns regarding their costs. Moreover, a gap in fundamental understanding ion within at salinities prevents development could meet these stringent requirements efficiently. Here, we present synthesis scalable, highly demonstrate while contacting 1 5 molal NaCl solutions. A detailed analysis membrane properties reveals proportion bound membranes, enabled charge content hydrophilic structure polymers, enhances both partitioning diffusion selectivities membranes. These structure/property relationships derived this study offer valuable guidance designing next-generation simultaneously achieve exceptional high-salinity

Language: Английский

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Interfacially Assembled Anion Exchange Membranes for Water Electrolysis

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(47), P. 32694 - 32704

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

High-performance and durable anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are critical for realizing economical green hydrogen production through alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) or AEM electrosysis (AEMWE). However, existing AEMs require sophisticated fabrication protocols exhibit unsatisfactory electrochemical performance long-term durability. Here we report an fabricated via a one-pot, in situ interfacial Menshutkin reaction, which assembles highly cross-linked polymer containing high-density quaternary ammoniums nanovoids inside reinforcing porous support. This structure endows the membrane with high anion-conducting ability, uptake (but low swelling), mechanical thermochemical robustness. Consequently, assembled achieves excellent AWE (0.97 A cm

Language: Английский

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Mono-/Bi-valent anion resource recovery via electrodialysis using dual-side-chain functionalized poly(aryl ether sulfone) anion exchange membranes

Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The selectivity of dual-side-chain functionalized poly(aryl ether sulfone)-based AIEM for Cl − /SO 4 2− can reach 52.21, outperforming the Neosepta ACS with a 18.63.

Language: Английский

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Characterization and process-structure-properties modeling of ion-exchange membranes of Aquivion®-type based on perfluorosulphonic acid ionomer with short side chains

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 115, P. 170 - 185

Published: March 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Supercharged ion exchange membranes via short-chain crosslinkers

Nature Chemical Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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