Organic Peroxides in Aerosol: Key Reactive Intermediates for Multiphase Processes in the Atmosphere

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(4), P. 1635 - 1679

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Organic peroxides (POs) are organic molecules with one or more peroxide (−O–O−) functional groups. POs commonly regarded as chemically labile termination products from gas-phase radical chemistry and therefore serve temporary reservoirs for oxidative radicals (HOx ROx) in the atmosphere. Owing to their ubiquity, active gas-particle partitioning behavior, reactivity, key reactive intermediates atmospheric multiphase processes determining life cycle (formation, growth, aging), climate, health impacts of aerosol. However, there remain substantial gaps origin, molecular diversity, fate due complex nature dynamic behavior. Here, we summarize current understanding on POs, a focus identification quantification, state-of-the-art analytical developments, molecular-level formation mechanisms, chemical transformation pathways, well environmental impacts. We find that interactions SO2 transition metal ions generally fast PO pathways liquid water, lifetimes estimated be minutes hours, while hydrolysis is particularly important α-substituted hydroperoxides. Meanwhile, photolysis thermolysis likely minor sinks POs. These distinctly different fates, such reaction OH radicals, which highlights need understand By summarizing advances remaining challenges investigation propose future research priorities regarding fate,

Language: Английский

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Toxic Potencies of Particulate Matter from Typical Industrial Plants Mediated with Acidity via Metal Dissolution

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(15), P. 6736 - 6743

Published: April 2, 2024

Acidity is an important property of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere, but its association with PM toxicity remains unclear. Here, this study quantitively reports effect acidity level on via pH-control experiments and cellular analysis. Oxidative stress cytotoxicity potencies acidified samples at pH 1–2 were up to 2.8–5.2 2.1–13.2 times higher than those 8–11, respectively. The toxic from real-world smoke plumes 2.3 9.1–18.2 greater 5.6, demonstrating a trend similar that samples. Furthermore, impact was manifested by promoting metal dissolution. dramatic increase 2–3 orders magnitude water-soluble content dominated variation toxicity. significant correlation between sulfate, value, Fe, IC20, EC1.5 (p < 0.05) suggested acidic sulfate could enhance dissolving insoluble metals. findings uncover superficial adverse health outcomes epidemiological research highlight control wet plume emissions mitigate effects acidity.

Language: Английский

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Reactive Oxygen Species Formation and Peroxide and Carbonyl Decomposition in Aqueous Photolysis of Secondary Organic Aerosols

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(10), P. 4716 - 4726

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

The mechanism and kinetics of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation when atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is exposed to solar radiation are poorly understood. In this study, we combined an in situ UV–vis irradiation system with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy characterize the photolytic ROS aqueous extracts SOA formed by oxidation isoprene, α-pinene, α-terpineol, toluene. We observed substantial free radicals, including •OH, superoxide (HO2•), radicals (R•/RO•) upon irradiation. Compared dark conditions, radical yield was enhanced a factor ∼30 for •OH 2–10 emergence radicals. Total peroxide measurements showed decreases contents after photoirradiation, indicating that peroxides can be important source A liquid chromatography interfaced high-resolution mass spectrometry used detect number form adducts spin trap, BMPO. types detected photolysis model compounds indicated carbonyls Norrish type I mechanisms plays role formation. serves as driving force cloud fog processing SOA.

Language: Английский

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Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Biomass Burning Emitted Phenolic Compounds: Oxidative Potential, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cytotoxicity

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(19), P. 8194 - 8206

Published: April 29, 2024

Phenolic compounds are largely emitted from biomass burning (BB) and have a significant potential to form SOA (Phc-SOA). However, the toxicological properties of Phc-SOA remain unclear. In this study, phenol guaiacol were chosen as two representative phenolic gases in BB plumes, water-soluble components their generated under different photochemical ages NOx levels investigated. contribute greatly oxidative (OP) biomass-burning SOA. OH-adducts (e.g., 2-methoxyhydroquinone) identified (GSOA) with high OP. The addition nitro groups 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, surrogate quinone compound Phc-SOA, increased its toxicity both (PSOA) GSOA vitro human alveolar epithelial cells decreased aging terms cell death cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), possibly due more ring-opening products relatively low toxicity. influence was consistent between ROS for but not PSOA, indicating that production does necessarily represent all processes contributing caused by PSOA. Combining acellular assays can provide comprehensive understanding aerosol properties.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal variation of driving factors of ambient PM2.5 oxidative potential in Shenzhen, China

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 862, P. 160771 - 160771

Published: Dec. 10, 2022

Language: Английский

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Superoxide Release by Macrophages through NADPH Oxidase Activation Dominating Chemistry by Isoprene Secondary Organic Aerosols and Quinones to Cause Oxidative Damage on Membranes

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(23), P. 17029 - 17038

Published: Nov. 17, 2022

Oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a key process for adverse aerosol health effects. Secondary organic aerosols (SOA) account major fraction of fine particulate matter, and their inhalation deposition into the respiratory tract causes formation ROS chemical cellular processes, but relative contributions are hardly quantified link to oxidative remains uncertain. Here, we superoxide generation 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PQN) isoprene SOA using chemiluminescence assay combined with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy as well kinetic modeling. We also applied imaging techniques study mechanism release damage on cell membranes. show that PQN activate NADPH oxidase in macrophages massive amounts superoxide, overwhelming aqueous reactions epithelial lining fluid. The activation dose 2 orders magnitude lower than SOA, suggesting quinones more toxic. While higher exposures trigger antioxidant response elements, released induce membrane through lipid peroxidation. Such mechanistic quantitative understandings provide basis further elucidation effects matter.

Language: Английский

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The highly efficient photodegradation of 4-bromophenol by TiO2/g-C3N4 nano photocatalyst with LED visible light

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 362, P. 142658 - 142658

Published: June 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Effects of Nitrogen Oxides on the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals from α-Pinene and Naphthalene Secondary Organic Aerosols

The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 126(40), P. 7361 - 7372

Published: Oct. 4, 2022

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR) play an important role in chemical transformation of atmospheric aerosols adverse aerosol health effects. This study investigated the effects nitrogen oxides (NOx) during photooxidation α-pinene naphthalene on EPFR content ROS formation from secondary organic (SOA). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was applied to quantify formation. While no were detected SOA, we found that SOA contained about 0.7 pmol μg-1 EPFR, NOx has little influence concentrations oxidative potential. α-Pinene generated under low conditions form OH superoxide aqueous phase, which lowered substantially by 50-80% for high conditions. High-resolution mass spectrometry analysis showed substantial nitroaromatics nitrates a environment. The modeling results using GECKO-A model simulates explicit gas-phase chemistry radical 2D-VBS treats autoxidation predicted reduced hydroperoxides enhanced due reactions peroxy with instead their HO2. Consistently, presence resulted decrease peroxide contents potential SOA.

Language: Английский

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Chemical Fate of Oils on Indoor Surfaces: Ozonolysis and Peroxidation

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(41), P. 15546 - 15557

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Unsaturated triglycerides found in food and skin oils are reactive ambient air. However, the chemical fate of such compounds has not been well characterized genuine indoor environments. Here, we monitored aging oil coatings on glass surfaces over a range environmental conditions, using mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron paramagnetic (EPR) techniques. Upon room air exposure (up to 17 ppb ozone), characteristic ozonolysis products, secondary ozonides, were observed near cooking area commercial kitchen, along with condensed-phase aldehydes. In an office setting, is also dominant degradation pathway for films exposed enclosed spaces as drawers, depleted flow makes lipid autoxidation more favorable after induction period few days. Forming hydroperoxides major primary this radical-mediated peroxidation behavior accelerated by direct sunlight, but initiation step dark settings still unclear. These results accord radical measurements, indicating that photooxidation facilitates formation surfaces. Overall, many intermediate end products oxygen species (ROS) may induce oxidative stress human bodies. Given these can be widely both household surfaces, their toxicological properties worth further attention.

Language: Английский

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Variation of PM_2.5 Redox Potential and Toxicity During Monsoon in Delhi, India

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(4), P. 316 - 329

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

This study investigates daily variations in redox potential of water- and organic-soluble PM2.5 during Delhi's monsoon season, offering insights into its chemical composition, cytotoxicity, oxidative threat to various lung conditions. samples, categorized by pollution levels, showed an average intrinsic (OPmDTT) 27.5 pmol min–1 μg–1, OH• generation 51.1 antioxidant capacity (AOC) both gallic acid trolox equivalency 62.5 35.3 respectively. Water-soluble redox-active compounds (RACs) contributed approximately 67% the potential. The polar-phase distribution RACs can be modified atmospheric photochemistry precipitation. Biomass burning emerged as a pivotal source, with polluted samples exhibiting higher cytotoxicity stress A549 cells. All impaired cellular respiration, reducing oxygen consumption rates Intrinsic OPmDTT were influenced fluid variants, such exogenous nicotine endogenous inflammatory protein. provides comprehensive perspective on toxicity Delhi, India distinct periods also points out importance considering population disparities individual health status assessing impacts.

Language: Английский

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