Evaluation of the multifunctionality of a vertical greening system using different irrigation strategies on cooling, plant development and greywater use

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 849, P. 157842 - 157842

Published: Aug. 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Nutrient treatment of greywater in green wall systems: A critical review of removal mechanisms, performance efficiencies and system design parameters

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 345, P. 118917 - 118917

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Greywater has lower pathogen and nutrient levels than other mixed wastewaters, making it easier to treat reuse in nature-based wastewater treatment systems. Green walls (GWs) are one type of solutions (NBS) that evolving design support on-site low-cost greywater treatment. GWs involves interacting complex physical, chemical, biological processes. Design operational considerations such green technologies must facilitate these pivotal processes achieve effective This critical review comprehensively analyses the scientific literature on removal from GWs. It discusses efficiency different GW types. Total nitrogen ranges 7 91% indirect facades (IGF), 48–93% for modular living (MLW), 8–26% continuous (CLW). phosphorus 67% IGF 2–53% MLW. The also specific mechanisms orchestrated by vegetation, substrates, biofilms understand their role within effects key parameters removal, including substrate characteristics, vegetation species, biodegradation, temperature, operating as irrigation cycle hydraulic loading rate, assessed. Results show greater depth enhances facilitating efficient filtration, straining, adsorption, various at varying depths. Particle size pore characteristics They can significantly impact effectiveness physicochemical providing sufficient pollutant contact time, active surface area, influencing saturation redox conditions. Hydraulic rate (HLR) impacts time An HLR between 50 60 mm/d during growing season provides optimal removal. Furthermore, was higher when watering cycles were customized types drought tolerances.

Language: Английский

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Total value wall: Full scale demonstration of a green wall for grey water treatment and recycling

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 298, P. 113489 - 113489

Published: Aug. 17, 2021

Language: Английский

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Impact of Biochar and Graphene as Additives on the Treatment Performances of a Green Wall Fed with Greywater

Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 195 - 195

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

The treatment of greywater (GW, wastewater share excluding toilet flush) through green walls can be beneficial for urban areas, favouring the diffusion vegetation and reducing potable water consumption. Multiple challenges hinder performance walls, including composition filtering material, number levels—i.e., rows—and age system. This study investigated graphene as an additive (5%v) to a medium made coconut fibre, perlite biochar in open-air wall with pots arranged into three levels. GW was quantified by comparing physicochemical features inflow outflow samples collected weekly over two months. Samples were also at each level wall, analogous systems different months compared. results showed that did not significantly improve performance, except first (e.g., 48% vs. 15% COD, 72% 51% TSS, without respectively). Moreover, mostly happened along levels marginal depletion 7% NH4+-N) after operational time.

Language: Английский

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Performance of a felt based living wall with greywater irrigation using different indoor ornamental species

Ecological Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 212, P. 107524 - 107524

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the influence of filter medium composition on treatment performances in an open-air green wall fed with greywater

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 300, P. 113646 - 113646

Published: Sept. 8, 2021

According to the European Research and Innovation Policy Agenda, nature-based solutions (NBSs) are key technologies improve sustainability of urban areas. Among NBSs, green walls have been recently studied for several applications, among others treatment lowly polluted wastewater flows as greywater (GW, e.g. domestic excluding toilet flushes). This work is aimed at evaluation influence four additives (compost, biochar, granular activated carbon, polyacrylate) mixed with a base filter medium made coconut fibre perlite, on performances wall fed in batch mode synthetic GW. The was operated high hydraulic loading rate GW (740.8 L/m2/day) open-air winter conditions (3.5-15 °C measured GW) between January April. assessed though monitoring every 1-2 weeks physicochemical biological parameters (pH, electric conductivity, total suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, BOD5 COD, nitrogen phosporus compounds, chlorides sulphates, anionic surfactants E. coli). Removal were excellent (>95%) E.coli (>98%) all additives; compared medium, biochar best performing additive over highest number parameters, achieving removals equal 51% 47% TKN nitric 71% surfactants. Compost also achieved removal performances, but frequent clogging events occurred during period do not make its use recommendable. Granular carbon combination polyacrylate performed better than only about nitrogen. These results demonstrated that, considered experimental boundaries, could overall by challenging conditions.

Language: Английский

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Green walls with recycled filling media to treat greywater

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 842, P. 156748 - 156748

Published: June 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Removal of hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and charged xenobiotic organic compounds from greywater using green wall media

Water Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 242, P. 120290 - 120290

Published: June 29, 2023

Green walls offer a novel on-site approach for greywater treatment and reuse in densely build urban environments. However, they need to be engineered effective removal of wide range emerging contaminants such as xenobiotic organic compounds (XOCs), which may present due extensive use personal care products household chemicals. This study used laboratory column design batch experiments investigate the performance three lightweight green wall media (coco coir, zeolite, perlite) their mixture different combinations twelve XOCs, covering hydrophilic, hydrophobic, charged pollutants greywater. The were designed assess targeted XOCs under operational condition (i.e., hydraulic loading, infiltration rate, drying) uncover dominant mechanisms removal. Results showed excellent (>90%) all coco coir mix columns at start experiment fresh initial 2 pore volume (PV) dosing). highly hydrophobic positively remained high conditions, while hydrophilic negatively exhibited significant reduction after 25 PV 50 PV, possibly low adsorption affinity electrostatic repulsion from media. effect rate on was not significant; however, higher achieved 2-weeks drying columns. mechanism most found adsorption, few acetaminophen atrazine) both biodegradation processes. While findings promising prospects unvegetated removing greywater, long term studies vegetated systems are needed understand any synergetic contribution plants these XOCs.

Language: Английский

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Long-term performance of eight green wall plants in removing xenobiotic organic compounds from greywater across varied operational conditions

Journal of Water Process Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 71, P. 107142 - 107142

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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Delineating the fundamental attributes and traits of nature-based solutions in wastewater management

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 380, P. 124811 - 124811

Published: March 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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