Small,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 11, 2024
Ammonia
(NH₃)
production
is
a
critical
industrial
process,
as
ammonia
key
component
in
fertilizers,
essential
for
global
agriculture
and
food
production.
However,
the
current
method
of
synthesizing
ammonia,
Haber-Bosch
highly
energy-intensive,
relies
on
fossil
fuels,
contributing
substantially
to
greenhouse
gas
emissions.
Moreover,
centralized
nature
process
limits
its
accessibility
remote
or
resource-limited
areas.
Photochemical
synthesis
provides
an
alternate
lower
energy,
carbon-free
pathway
compared
prevailing
methods.
The
photoconversion
nitrate
anions,
often
present
wastewater,
offers
greener,
more
sustainable,
energy-efficient
route
both
ammonia-generation
wastewater
treatment.
chemical
requires
intensive
mass-transfer
processes,
which
efficiency
method.
To
change
game,
this
work,
new
technology
ammonia-generation,
catalytic
generation
(AmmoGen)
microrobot,
converts
using
renewable
light
energy
reported.
magnetic
propulsion
AmmoGen
microrobots
significantly
enhances
mass-transfer,
expedites
photosynthesis
ammonia.
Overall,
"proof-of-concept"
study
demonstrates
that
can
aid
small
molecule
activation
value-added
products;
are
envisaged
pave
way
toward
sustainable
technologies
catalysis.
Nano-/microrobots
have
been
demonstrated
as
an
efficient
solution
for
environmental
remediation.
Their
strength
lies
in
their
propulsion
abilities
that
allow
active
“on-the-fly”
operation,
such
pollutant
detection,
capture,
transport,
degradation,
and
disruption.
Another
advantage
is
versatility,
which
allows
the
engineering
of
highly
functional
solutions
a
specific
application.
However,
latter
can
bring
complexity
to
applications;
versatility
dimensionality,
morphology,
materials,
surface
decorations,
other
modifications
has
crucial
effect
on
resulting
abilities,
compatibility
with
environment,
overall
functionality.
Synergy
between
decorations
its
projection
functionality
object
nanoarchitectonics.
Here,
we
scrutinize
nano-/microrobots
eyes
nanoarchitectonics:
list
general
concepts
help
assess
synergy
limitations
individual
procedures
fabrication
processes
operation
at
macroscale.
The
nanoarchitectonics
approached
from
microscopic
level,
focusing
dimensionality
through
nanoscopic
evaluating
influence
decoration
nanoparticles
quantum
dots,
moving
molecular
single-atomic
level
very
fine
tuning
presented
review
aims
lay
provide
overview
advanced
nano-/microrobot
remediation
beyond.
Chemosensors,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 69 - 69
Published: Feb. 15, 2025
Chemically
powered
micro/nanorobots
(CPMNRs)
are
self-propelling
artificially
engineered
materials
or
machines
designed
with
micro-to-nano
precision,
inspired
by
the
self-migration
of
biomolecules
and
microorganisms.
CPMNRs
convert
chemical
external
energy
into
mechanical
motion,
overcoming
forces
like
Brownian
diffusion
viscosity.
They
created
using
top-down
bottom-up
approaches
for
applications
in
chemo-/biosensing,
environmental
remediation,
molecular
imaging,
drug
delivery.
As
self-mixing
contaminated
water
accelerates
remediation
process,
preferred
as
an
ideal
choice
applications.
Recent
advancements
multimodal
propulsion
technologies,
material
engineering,
surface
modifications
have
significantly
enhanced
capabilities
CPMNRs,
enabling
them
to
navigate
complex
environments
interact
contaminants
at
level.
This
review
highlights
latest
developments
chemical-driven
focusing
on
their
use
monitoring,
pollutant
detection,
heavy
metals,
microplastics,
organic
soil.
It
also
discusses
prospects,
sustainability
fuels,
biocompatibility,
scalability
large-scale
deployment.
Achieving
large-scale
and
facile
manufacturing
for
diverse
small-scale
robots
is
critical
in
the
field
of
robots.
At
present,
conventional
methods
have
limitations
terms
efficiency,
environmental
friendliness,
operability.
In
particular,
it
difficult
to
facilely
process
multiform
through
a
single
processing
technology
only.
this
work,
with
introduction
an
asymmetric
laser,
multiforms
graphene,
including
powders,
helical,
sheet,
were
successfully
fabricated
by
simply
adjusting
laser
parameters
This
allowed
development
graphene-based
capable
being
actuated
various
water
depths,
underwater
swarm,
suspended
floated
sheet
Importantly,
such
can
move
smoothly
trajectories
under
magnetic
fields,
simple
geometrical
shapes
complicated
words,
demonstrating
good
maneuverability.
Moreover,
method
enables
efficient
production
different
sizes,
from
5
48
units,
within
1
min.
The
proposed
possible
provide
new
means
high-performance
at
high
throughput.
Materials Horizons,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
The
growing
plastic
pollution
crisis
demands
novel
approaches,
with
innovative
materials
that
mimic
robotic
behaviors
emerging
as
a
promising
solution.
Fluorescence-based
sensing
is
a
straightforward
and
powerful
technique
with
high
sensitivity
for
the
detection
of
wide
range
chemical
biological
analytes.
Integrating
capabilities
fluorescent
probes
wireless
navigation
systems
can
enable
extension
their
operational
range,
even
in
challenging
scenarios
limited
accessibility
or
involving
hazardous
substances.
This
study
presents
development
molecularly
engineered
magneto-fluorescent
microrobots
based
on
push–pull
quinonoids
by
incorporating
magnetic
nanoparticles
using
reprecipitation
approach
aim
detecting
high-energy
explosives
antibiotics
aqueous
environments.
The
components
offer
remotely
controlled
navigability
toward
intended
target
areas
under
guidance
external
fields.
Upon
interactions
either
(picric
acid)
(tetracycline),
microrobots'
intrinsic
fluorescence
switches
to
"fluorescence
off"
state,
enabling
material-based
intelligence
applications.
molecular-level
that
underlie
"on–off"
state
switching
upon
engagement
molecules
are
elucidated
through
extensive
spectroscopy,
microscopy,
X-ray
diffraction
analyses.
selectivity
achieved
designing
amine
functionalities
capable
intermolecular
hydrogen
bonding
acidic
hydroxyl
group
picric
acid,
leading
formation
water-soluble
charge
transfer
picrate
complexes
proton
transfer.
Similarly,
play
key
role
tetracycline
detection.
selective
performance
fluidic
channel
experiments
illustrates
an
externally
manner,
highlighting
promising
characteristics
applications
real-world
scenarios.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 25, 2025
Abstract
The
recovery
of
persistent
microplastics
(MPs)
from
aquatic
systems
is
a
pressing
environmental
issue
that
hard
to
address
by
conventional
methods
such
as
filtration
or
centrifugation.
Strategies
are
investigated
for
the
design
self‐dispersal
and
collection
cycle
class
active
microcleaners
comprising
soft
dendritic
colloids
(SDCs).
SDCs
made
chitosan
have
hierarchical
fibrillar
structure
which
enables
adhesive
MP
particles
through
van
der
Waals
attraction.
Wide‐scale
dispersion
achieved
agglomerating
into
larger
supraparticles,
self‐propel
on
water
surface
Marangoni
effect
driven
small
amounts
organic
oil.
propulsion,
rehydration,
sinking
efficient
capture
sedimenting
SDCs.
Further,
magnesium
hydrolysis
reaction
timed
encapsulation
leads
vertical
bubble
propulsion
SDC‐MPs
aggregates
surface.
Overall,
results
present
proof
concept
potential
comprehensive
cleanup
based
sustainable
self‐dispersing
microcleaners.
Advanced Intelligent Systems,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 6, 2025
Micro/nanorobots
(MNRs)
are
untethered,
small‐scale
devices
designed
to
perform
complex
tasks
in
challenging
and
inaccessible
environments,
with
promising
biomedicine
environmental
remediation
applications.
Recent
advancements
multi‐module
MNRs,
which
incorporate
functional
components
such
as
actuators,
propellers,
imaging
modalities,
manipulators,
have
significantly
expanded
their
capabilities
while
addressing
the
limitations
of
single‐module
designs.
This
article
reviews
recent
progress
these
core
modules,
emphasizing
application
biomedicine,
including
targeted
drug
delivery,
tissue
repair,
diagnosis,
well
remediation,
pollutant
removal
microorganism
treatment.
It
highlights
practical
strategies
address
real‐world
challenges
domains,
a
focus
on
design
enhancing
functionality.
Despite
substantial
advancements,
key
persist,
scalability,
real‐time
imaging,
intelligent
control.
Future
research
directions
include
development
modules
equipped
memory,
data
processing,
communication
functions,
enabling
autonomous
decision‐making
closed‐loop
These
developments
hold
potential
foster
innovation
medicine,
sustainability,
other
critical
fields.
