Small,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 15, 2024
Abstract
The
treatment
of
brain
diseases
has
always
been
the
focus
attention.
Due
to
presence
blood‐brain
barrier
(BBB),
most
small
molecule
drugs
are
difficult
reach
brain,
leading
undesirable
therapeutic
outcomes.
Recently,
nanomedicines
that
can
cross
BBB
and
precisely
target
lesion
sites
have
emerged
as
thrilling
tools
enhance
early
diagnosis
treat
various
intractable
disorders.
Extensive
research
shown
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
play
a
crucial
role
in
occurrence
progression
diseases,
including
tumors
neurodegenerative
(NDDs)
such
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
stroke,
or
traumatic
injury,
making
ROS
potential
target.
In
this
review,
on
structure
function
well
mechanisms
first
elaborated
through
which
nanomedicine
traverses
it.
Then,
recent
studies
production
summarized
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT),
chemodynamic
(CDT),
sonodynamic
(SDT)
for
treating
tumors,
depletion
NDDs.
This
provides
valuable
guidance
future
design
ROS‐targeted
disease
treatment.
ongoing
challenges
perspectives
developing
nanomedicine‐based
management
also
discussed
outlined.
ACS Materials Au,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
5(2), P. 377 - 384
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
Single-atom
nanozymes
(SANs)
are
a
class
of
with
metal
centers
that
mimic
the
structure
metalloenzymes.
Herein,
we
report
synthesis
Zn–N–C
SAN,
which
mimics
action
natural
carbonic
anhydrase
enzyme.
The
two-step
annealing
technique
led
to
content
more
than
18
wt
%.
Since
act
as
active
sites,
this
high
loading
resulted
in
superior
catalytic
activity.
Zn-SAN
showed
CO2
uptake
2.3
mmol/g
and
final
conversion
bicarbonate
91%.
was
converted
via
biomimetic
process
by
allowing
its
adsorption
catalyst,
followed
addition
catalyst
HEPES
buffer
(pH
=
8)
start
into
HCO3–.
Afterward,
CaCl2
added
form
white
CaCO3
precipitate,
then
filtered,
dried,
weighed.
Active
carbon
MCM-41
were
used
controls
under
same
reaction
conditions.
According
findings,
sequestration
capacity
42
mg
CaCO3/mg
Zn-SAN.
Some
amino
acids
(AAs)
binding
affinity
for
Zn
able
suppress
enzymatic
activity
blocking
centers.
This
strategy
detection
His,
Cys,
Glu,
Asp
limits
0.011,
0.031,
0.029,
0.062
μM,
respectively,
hence
utilized
quantifying
these
AAs
commercial
dietary
supplements.
Small,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
Ulcerative
colitis
(UC)
involves
persistent
inflammation
in
the
colon
and
rectum,
with
excessive
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
accumulation.
This
ROS
buildup
damages
colonic
epithelial
cells
disrupts
intestinal
flora,
worsening
disease
progression.
Current
antioxidant
therapies
are
limited
due
to
their
instability
gut
lack
of
targeting,
hindering
precise
intervention
at
lesion
site.
study
prepares
an
L-Arginine-modified
selenium
nanozyme
(Se-CA)
for
targeted
oral
treatment
UC.
Se-CA
specifically
targets
M1-type
macrophages
sites
by
binding
cationic
amino
acid
transporter
protein
2
on
surface
macrophages.
In
vitro
studies
show
that
scavenges
nitrogen
(RNS)
artificial
gastric
fluids,
inhibits
iron
death
cells.
mice
model
ulcerative
colitis,
administration
is
effective
through
its
anti-inflammatory
properties,
inhibition
regulation
flora.
conclusion,
this
work
provides
new
insights
into
Radiation
colitis
is
an
inflammatory
response
induced
by
damage
to
colonic
tissue
from
radiation
therapy
that
primarily
affects
patients
undergoing
abdominal
or
pelvic
treatments.
In
this
study,
we
designed
a
selenium-loaded
probiotic
(EcN-Se@SA)
encapsulated
in
sodium
alginate
gel
for
the
oral
treatment
of
colitis.
Selenium
nanoparticles
(Se
NPs)
exhibit
antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory,
ferroptosis,
and
repair-promoting
properties.
To
enhance
therapeutic
efficacy
Se
NPs
radiation-induced
colitis,
combined
with
Escherichia
coli
Nissle
1917
them
hydrogel.
The
resulting
EcN-Se@SA
formulation
not
only
withstands
gastric
acid
intestinal
fluids
but
also
remains
colon
cecum
extended
periods.
Oral
administration
attenuates
X-ray-induced
mice
through
its
antioxidant
anti-inflammatory
effects,
macrophage
reprogramming,
inhibition
ferroptosis
histiocytes.
This
work
introduces
promising
candidate
Cellular and Molecular Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 13, 2025
Abstract
Neuroinflammation
plays
an
important
role
in
the
pathogenesis
of
various
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
diseases.
The
NLRP3
inflammasome
is
intracellular
multiprotein
complex
composed
innate
immune
receptor
NLRP3,
adaptor
protein
ASC,
and
protease
caspase-1.
activation
can
induce
pyroptosis
release
proinflammatory
cytokines
IL-1β
IL-18,
thus
playing
a
inflammatory
responses.
Recent
studies
have
revealed
that
activated
brain
to
neuroinflammation,
leading
further
neuronal
damage
functional
impairment,
contributes
pathological
process
neurological
diseases,
such
as
multiple
sclerosis,
Parkinson’s
disease,
Alzheimer’s
stroke.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
neuroinflammation
course
CNS
diseases
discuss
potential
approaches
target
for
treatment
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: March 21, 2025
Traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI)
is
a
leading
cause
of
disability
in
adults,
significantly
affecting
patients'
quality
life.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
derived
from
human
adipose-derived
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(hADSCs)
have
demonstrated
therapeutic
potential
TBI
treatment.
However,
their
limited
targeting
ability,
short
half-life,
and
low
bioavailability
present
significant
challenges
for
clinical
application.
In
this
study,
we
engineered
extracellular
(EEVs)
by
transfecting
hADSCs
with
lentivirus
incorporating
ultra-small
paramagnetic
nanoparticles
(USPNs),
resulting
EVs
enhanced
miRNA
expression
targeted
delivery
capabilities.
These
EEVs
were
administered
intranasally
to
specifically
target
sites,
effectively
modulating
the
NF-κB
signaling
pathway
suppress
neuroinflammation.
both
vitro
vivo
assessments,
exhibited
superior
efficacy
promoting
neurofunctional
recovery
neurogenesis
after
compared
unmodified
EVs.
Furthermore,
validation
using
organoid
models
confirmed
EEVs'
remarkable
ability
neuroinflammation,
offering
promising
strategy
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 20, P. 4085 - 4103
Published: April 1, 2025
To
overcome
the
limitations
of
traditional
therapies
in
treating
retinoblastoma,
like
low
efficiency,
systematic
toxicity
and
poor
biocompatibility.
PPFG
(PLGA-PFH-Fe3O4-GOx)
nanoparticles
were
synthesized
by
ultrasound
double
emulsification
method
characterized
dynamic
laser
scattering,
ultraviolet
spectrometry,
confocal
scanning
microscopy
(CLSM),
transmission
electron
(TEM)
(SEM).
Phase
transition
low-intensity
focused
(LIFU)
was
observed
microscope
imaging.
Cellular
uptake
compared
between
Y79
HUVEC
cells.
ROS
production
detected
2',7'-dichlorofluorescin
diacetate
(DCFH-DA).
Cell
apoptosis
flow
cytometry.
In
vivo
therapeutic
effects
verified
tumor
volume,
HE
staining,
TUNEL
PCNA
staining.
The
bio-safety
serum
biochemistry.
NPs
possesses
good
stability,
biocompatibility
tumor-preferred
uptake,
with
a
core-shell
spherical
structure
an
average
size
255.6nm
which
increases
to
over
100μm
under
LIFU
irradiation.
utilized
as
stimuli,
undergoes
sequential
reaction
starting
phase
PFH
causing
release
oxygen
carried
GOx/SPIO
NPs,
followed
supplemented
facilitating
enzymatic
activity
glucose
consumption
GOx
cells
(tumor
starvation),
H2O2
produced
during
can
further
participate
SPIO
NPs-mediated
Fenton
(CDT),
generating
massive
ROS.
continuously
generated
together
cut
down
nutrients
effectively
inhibited
progression
tumors,
synergistically
enhanced
starvation
promoted
cell
ultimately
kills
tumour
No
off-site
injuries
other
major
organs.
this
study,
conduct
LIFU-triggered
combinational
therapy
on
basis
cascade
among
PFH,
treat
retinoblastoma
vitro/vivo.
It
showed
great
potentials
combating
retinoblastoma.
