Design Strategies of PEDOT:PSS-Based Conductive Hydrogels and Their Applications in Health Monitoring

Polymers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1192 - 1192

Published: April 27, 2025

Conductive hydrogels, particularly those incorporating poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), have revolutionized wearable health monitoring by merging tissue-like softness with robust electronic functionality. This review systematically explores design strategies for PEDOT:PSS-based focusing on advanced gelation methods, including polymer crosslinking, ionic interactions, and light-induced polymerization, to engineer hierarchical networks that balance conductivity mechanical adaptability. Cutting-edge fabrication techniques such as electrochemical patterning, additive manufacturing, laser-assisted processing further enable precise microstructural control, enhancing interfacial compatibility biological systems. The applications of these hydrogels in sensors are highlighted through their capabilities real-time deformation tracking, dynamic tissue microenvironment analysis, high-resolution electrophysiological signal acquisition. Environmental stability long-term durability critical ensuring reliable operation under physiological conditions mitigating performance degradation caused fatigue, oxidation, or biofouling. By addressing challenges environmental durability, PEDOT:PSS demonstrate transformative potential personalized healthcare, where unique combination softness, biocompatibility, tunable electro-mechanical properties enables seamless integration human tissues continuous, patient-specific monitoring. These systems offer scalable solutions multi-modal diagnostics, empowering tailored therapeutic interventions chronic disease management. concludes insights into future directions, emphasizing the intelligent responsiveness energy autonomy advance next-generation bioelectronic interfaces.

Language: Английский

A Low-Cost Multimodal Testbed for Array-Based Electrophysiological Microelectrodes

Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 2874 - 2874

Published: May 2, 2025

Electrode designs and materials have become an increasingly important performance driver for microelectrode arrays, which are among the essential tools cellular electrophysiology. Ongoing works continuously innovated over a diverse range of electrode shapes, sizes, materials. The large design fabrication parameter space represents rich opportunities optimizing functionalities as well challenge developers due to lack predictive simulation software aid works. prototypes often need be fabricated, empirically evaluated, iteratively optimized at significant cost. Efficient hardware testing solutions development new electrodes, especially early stage when number candidate is still high, therefore important. Here, we propose implement cost-effective testbed platform, aimed obtaining first-order characteristics from inform early-stage screening refinement. Upon with microfabricated platform was shown achieve impedance measurement accuracy comparable commercial equipment effectively recorded extracellular action potentials in vitro rat cortical neurons. By providing relevant significantly lower cost, more compact form, greater ease assembly, compared existing solutions, presented can meaningfully entry barriers array-based electrophysiological microelectrodes.

Language: Английский

Quantum dot biosensors for Glioblastoma: Merging nanotechnology with precision oncology

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 114671 - 114671

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский