Sustainable Hard Carbon for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Precursor Design and Scalable Production Roadmaps DOI
Xiang‐Xi He, Li Li, Xingqiao Wu

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 1, 2025

Abstract Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) emerge as a sustainable and cost‐effective alternative to lithium‐ion due the abundant widely distributed nature of sodium resources. Hard carbon anodes, characterized by their pseudo‐graphitic layered structures nanoporosity, are key achieving high‐performance SIBs. However, commercialization hard is hindered significant challenges in precursor design, carbonization optimization, sustainability. This review focuses on critical role selection introduces classification system based volatile content. High‐volatility biomass precursors, such bamboo, require pretreatments like acid/alkali leaching or hydrothermal processing optimize pyrolysis. Medium‐volatility resins plastics benefit from crosslinking strategies, while low‐volatility materials biochar petroleum coke rely nanochannel engineering improve storage performance. Bamboo‐based precursors highlighted promising pathway renewability environmental advantages, though impurity control structural persist. By integrating design with this provides comprehensive framework for understanding microstructural regulation performance enhancement. The insights presented offer valuable guidance developing scalable approaches produce materials, paving way next generation SIB technologies.

Language: Английский

Sustainable Hard Carbon for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Precursor Design and Scalable Production Roadmaps DOI
Xiang‐Xi He, Li Li, Xingqiao Wu

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 1, 2025

Abstract Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) emerge as a sustainable and cost‐effective alternative to lithium‐ion due the abundant widely distributed nature of sodium resources. Hard carbon anodes, characterized by their pseudo‐graphitic layered structures nanoporosity, are key achieving high‐performance SIBs. However, commercialization hard is hindered significant challenges in precursor design, carbonization optimization, sustainability. This review focuses on critical role selection introduces classification system based volatile content. High‐volatility biomass precursors, such bamboo, require pretreatments like acid/alkali leaching or hydrothermal processing optimize pyrolysis. Medium‐volatility resins plastics benefit from crosslinking strategies, while low‐volatility materials biochar petroleum coke rely nanochannel engineering improve storage performance. Bamboo‐based precursors highlighted promising pathway renewability environmental advantages, though impurity control structural persist. By integrating design with this provides comprehensive framework for understanding microstructural regulation performance enhancement. The insights presented offer valuable guidance developing scalable approaches produce materials, paving way next generation SIB technologies.

Language: Английский

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