Design and Fabrication of a Low-cost Liquid Optical Waveguide for Augmented Reality DOI Creative Commons
Ranjith Rajasekharan Unnithan, Dechuan Sun, Gregory Tanyi

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Abstract The complexities of fabrication techniques and the demand for high precision have posed significant challenges in mass production augmented reality (AR) waveguide combiners. Leveraging capabilities Polyjet 3D printing techniques, we developed a cost-effective method fabricating liquid geometric combiners AR applications, using silicone oil as medium. During design phase, optimized structure combiner to facilitate easier fabrication. Our proposed simplifies process by removing need complicated steps like dicing, layer bonding, polishing, which are usually involved traditional manufacturing techniques. We conducted optical simulations prototype our patented method, successfully demonstrated integration virtual images with real-world environment, thereby confirming its feasibility potential production.

Language: Английский

The rise of electrically tunable metasurfaces DOI Creative Commons
Chunghwan Jung, Eunji Lee, Junsuk Rho

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(34)

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Metasurfaces, which offer a diverse range of functionalities in remarkably compact size, have captured the interest both scientific and industrial sectors. However, their inherent static nature limits adaptability for further applications. Reconfigurable metasurfaces emerged as solution to this challenge, expanding potential Among series tunable devices, electrically controllable devices garnered particular attention owing seamless integration with existing electronic equipment. This review presents recent progress reported respect providing an overview technological development trajectory current state art. In particular, we analyze major tuning strategies discuss applications spatial light modulators, optical waveguides, adaptable emissivity regulators. Furthermore, challenges opportunities associated implementation are explored, thereby highlighting bridge gap between electronics photonics enable groundbreaking systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Electrically tunable optical metasurfaces DOI Creative Commons
Fei Ding, Chao Meng, Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi

et al.

Photonics Insights, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. R07 - R07

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Citations

16
12″ Wafer-Scale Mass-Manufactured Metal–Insulator–Metal Reflective Metaholograms by Nanotransfer Printing DOI

Chanwoong Park,

Eunji Lee, Joohoon Kim

et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

The unique characteristics of metasurfaces to precisely control the amplitude, phase, and polarization light within a thin, flat footprint make them promising replacement for bulky optical components. However, fabrication methods conventional have suffered from low throughput high costs, limiting scalability practical application. To address these challenges, an advanced technique is developed by combining deep-ultraviolet argon fluoride photolithography with wafer-scale nanotransfer printing facilitate scalable metal-insulator-metal structures. This approach not only facilitates production numerous reflective metaholograms yield 70.6% on 8 inch wafers but also significantly reduces costs under one dollar per unit, improving economic feasibility. Hundreds each millimeter scale been fabricated operate across visible near-infrared range, showing conversion efficiencies 43.6% at 635 nm, 40% 940 2.2% 532 nm. result opens new avenues widespread adoption metasurface technologies in imaging, sensing, communications. By enabling scalable, cost-effective production, our method poised opening possibilities technology.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
On-Chip Cascaded Metasurfaces for Visible Wavelength Division Multiplexing and Color-Routing Meta-Display DOI

R.Chinna Rao,

Yangyang Shi,

Zejing Wang

et al.

Nano Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 2452 - 2458

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Integrating metasurfaces on-chip offers a promising strategy for modulating and extracting guided waves, suggesting tremendous applications in compact wearable devices. However, despite the full acquisition of manipulation optical parameters, including phase, amplitude, polarization, functionality remains limited by lack wavelength selectivity. Here, an approach to differentiate components is proposed visible regime division multiplexing (WDM). Through horizontally cascading meta-atoms with structural dimension variation optimization, different propagating along waveguide would be selectively extracted, realizing meta-demultiplexing functionality. More intriguingly, color nanoprinting images or holographic displays can correspondingly enabled. This surpasses conventional free-space meta-devices terms exhibiting improved wavelength-selective allocation eliminating energy waste caused spatial multiplexing. We envision that such paves way next-generation WDM devices photonic integrated circuits miniature meta-displays.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Hydrogel‐Waveguiding On‐Chip Meta‐Optics for Dynamic Multicolor Holography DOI
Xinglong Li, Chenjie Dai,

Yangyang Shi

et al.

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Abstract On‐chip integrated meta‐optics hold tremendous potential for optical imaging and display applications compatible with photonic devices. Despite recent endeavors in multi‐dimensional image display, it remains a challenge to realize dynamic holography on‐chip integration scheme facile accessible tuning approach. Herein, an hydrogel‐waveguiding platform single‐step fabrication is demonstrated colorful holography. By exploiting the tunable property of waveguiding hydrogel, hydrogel metasurface enables concealment ON/OFF dual‐channel holographic switch within 310 ms through simple exhalation process. Furthermore, utilizing dispersion correlation between extraction efficiency relative humidity, color‐mixed encrypted successfully exhibited at specific humidity condition. Beyond conventional static monochromatic holography, such enjoys satisfactory humidity‐responsivity, high capability, full‐color potential, zero‐order diffraction interference‐free, which suggests active information concealment/encryption, next‐generation wearable AR

Language: Английский

Citations

7
On-chip multifunctional metasurfaces with full-parametric multiplexed Jones matrix DOI Creative Commons
Jitao Ji,

Jian Li,

Zhizhang Wang

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Polarization dependent metasurface for vector Zernike wavefront sensing with increased dynamic range DOI

Tobias Wenger,

J. Kent Wallace

Optics Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(3), P. 726 - 726

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Metasurfaces have unique properties that make them suitable for a variety of optical applications. Not only do metasurfaces allow great deal design flexibility by controlling phase, amplitude, and polarization reflected or transmitted light, they are also manufactured using mature semiconductor microprocessing techniques. Here we demonstrate metasurface can increase the dynamic range Zernike wavefront sensors (ZWSs) introducing phase diversity between two orthogonal linear polarizations in near-infrared. The works transmission consists elliptically shaped amorphous silicon nanopillars on fused silica substrate. Wavefront play an important role segmented-mirror telescopes enable precise alignment needed segments order to provide high-quality observations. This work has near-term implications ground-based is importance current future mission concept formulations exoplanet direct detection characterization.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Meta-coupler empowered dynamic wavefront control with on-chip polarization reconfiguration DOI Creative Commons
Bin Fang, Yantao Li, Lei Yu

et al.

Optics Express, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 3112 - 3112

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Metasurfaces consisting of subwavelength structures have shown unparalleled capability in light field manipulation. However, their functionalities are typically static after fabrication, limiting practical applications. Though persistent efforts led to dynamic wavefront control with various materials and mechanisms, most them work free space require specialized or bulky configurations for external control. This deviates from the original intention metasurface realize compact integrated devices. Here, we leverage on-chip geometric associated polarization reconfiguration guided wave, enabling three functions simultaneously: wave radiation, multiplexing, We demonstrate proof-of-principle functionalities, including intensity-continuously tunable multifocal metalens, zoom metalens as well holography, based on a dressed lithium-niobate-on-insulator waveguide. Such an platform shaping implies prospect advancements chip-integrated multifunctional meta-devices.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dual-metal hybrid metasurface for liquid-tunable infrared polarization-selective perfect absorption DOI
Chenjie Dai,

Qianqian Zhou,

Tianyu Liu

et al.

Applied Physics Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 126(7)

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Nanostructure-based metasurfaces provide a promising route for arbitrarily manipulating light waves, especially versatile absorption. Although various meta-absorbers have been studied perfect absorption, it remains challenge to achieve high-contrast polarization-dependent absorption with dynamic tunability. Here, dual-metal hybrid metasurface is demonstrated polarization-selective and reflection liquid tuning capabilities in the infrared band. Based on metal–insulator–metal architecture, composed of Al/Ti nanostrips enables an intense resonance at x-polarization reflects as mirror y-polarization, thus acting high-performance linear polarizer. The peak wavelength can be continuously tailored from 1200 1850 nm average > 99% by scaling unit-cell period metasurfaces. Furthermore, exhibits large range switch (>750 nm) through immersion tuning, its above 99.5%. proposed liquid-tunable promote practical technologies polarizers, photodetectors, optical imaging.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Metasurface-integrated Silicon Nitride Waveguides for Holography with Full Polarization Control DOI
Yuhang Lin, Zhouxin Liang, Jiaqi Li

et al.

Optics Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(8), P. 2550 - 2550

Published: March 10, 2025

Here, a silicon-based metasurface integrated on silicon nitride (SiNx) waveguide is proposed, enabling continuous control of light's phase and polarization. By utilizing resonant phase, geometric detour with fixed inter-unit spacing, the achieves full coverage under arbitrary polarization states while reducing design complexity. We demonstrate hologram images letters four states: x-, y-, right circular, left elliptical polarizations, achieving same amplitude in corresponding polarizations. The results provide more possibilities for generating complex free space light fields via on-chip devices.

Language: Английский

Citations

0