N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Materials Chemistry

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 119(8), P. 4986 - 5056

Published: April 2, 2019

N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become one of the most widely studied class ligands in molecular chemistry and found applications fields as varied catalysis, stabilization reactive fragments, biochemistry. More recently, NHCs materials allowed for functionalization surfaces, polymers, nanoparticles, discrete, well-defined clusters. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at recent advances use development functional materials.

Language: Английский

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Reusable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex Catalysts and Beyond: A Perspective on Recycling Strategies

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 118(19), P. 9843 - 9929

Published: May 31, 2018

With the continuous development of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) chemistry during past decade, NHC metal complexes have gained wide applications in research field organometallic catalysis. The recycling and reuse complexes, which undergone expansion diversification, can enhance their catalytic performance, extend range application, afford new routes to green chemistry. Taking complex catalysts as main topic, this review intends present a comprehensive study strategies catalysts. By an elaborative summarization classification strategies, clear picture all available for is presented advantages disadvantages various specific reactions are discussed detail. This written with hope serving modest spur induce other scientists' further contributions fields catalyst sustainable

Language: Английский

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A leap forward in iridium–NHC catalysis: new horizons and mechanistic insights

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 47(8), P. 2772 - 2808

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Ir–NHC catalysts have been crucial to the advance of an ever-growing diversity processes thanks their prolific reactivity and mechanistic flexibility.

Language: Английский

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Current advances on ruthenium(II) N-heterocyclic carbenes in hydrogenation reactions

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 374, P. 114 - 132

Published: July 10, 2018

Language: Английский

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Facile and Efficient Synthesis of Primary Amines via Reductive Amination over a Ni/Al₂O₃ Catalyst

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(21), P. 7318 - 7327

Published: May 19, 2021

The production of primary amines with high efficiency and selectivity employing appropriate catalysts is central importance yet challenging. Here, we reported Ni nanoparticles supported on γ-Al2O3 as a highly active heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis through reductive amination in presence ammonia hydrogen. resulting Ni/Al2O3 exhibited outstanding performance selective carbonyl compounds (aldehydes ketones) involving aromatic, branched, purely aliphatic chemicals converted into their corresponding excellent yields (87∼99%) under mild reaction conditions (100 °C 2 MPa), which was attributed to synergistic effect strong metal–support interaction combined medium acidic sites. In particular, yield earth-abundant superior that precious metal (Ru, Rh, Pd), suggesting could be promising candidate industrial amines.

Language: Английский

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Next-Generation Water-Soluble Homogeneous Catalysts for Conversion of Glycerol to Lactic Acid

Organometallics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 37(9), P. 1400 - 1409

Published: April 18, 2018

An attractive method for valorization of glycerol is the catalytic transformation to lactic acid. By overcoming solubility challenge associated with known homogeneous catalysts this reaction, we show that thermally robust Ir(I), Ir(III), and Ru(II) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes sulfonate-functionalized wingtips are highly prolific process, requiring no cosolvents other than aqueous base. The activity compared under both conventional heating microwave conditions. most active catalyst reaches a TOF 45 592 h–1 (microwave) 3477 (conventional) 1 equiv KOH, proceeds at constant rate least 8 h. Although higher observed also weaker base, K2CO3 (13 000 concurrent formation formate). protocol can be modified achieve quantitative conversion in only 3 high these nonsulfonated analogs attributed stabilization lactate product media. retains equal crude glycerol. A mechanism proposed precursor involving O–H oxidative addition

Language: Английский

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Efficient and Mild Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by Dual-Function Palladium Nanoparticles

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 1618 - 1626

Published: Dec. 31, 2019

Primary amines are valuable building blocks for a large number of chemicals, developing efficient synthetic routes toward primary and particularly those proceeding under mild conditions highly desirable rather challenging. Presented here is procedure enabling itself to proceed in H2O using H2 1 atm (0.1 MPa) the reductive amination carbonyl compounds. Several palladium-based nanoparticle (Pd-NP) catalysts were prepared, one emerged be most suitable classified as nanoparticles, due its high catalytic activity, reactions allowed at room temperature NH3, corresponding can afforded with yields up 99%. Some control carried out, revealing that pivotal activating Pd-NPs. The fact Pd-NPs catalyze both compounds hydrogenation imines proves dual-function catalyst, plausible mechanism was proposed.

Language: Английский

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Sustainability in Ru- and Pd-based catalytic systems using N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(5), P. 3094 - 3142

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

This review is a critical presentation of catalysts based on palladium and ruthenium bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands that have enabled more sustainable approach to catalysis catalyst uses.

Language: Английский

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Homogeneous (De)hydrogenative Catalysis for Circular Chemistry – Using Waste as a Resource

ChemCatChem, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 1105 - 1134

Published: Nov. 26, 2020

Abstract Increasing production and usage of several consumer products energy sources have resulted in the accumulation a substantial amount waste that are toxic and/or difficult to biodegrade, thus creating severe threat our planet. With recently advocated concepts circular chemistry, an attractive approach tackle challenge chemical reduction is utilize these as feedstocks for useful chemicals. Catalytic (de)hydrogenation atom‐economic, green sustainable organic synthesis, new environmentally benign transformations been reported using this strategy past decade, especially well‐defined transition metal complexes catalysts. These discoveries demonstrated impact untapped potential homogeneous (de)hydrogenative catalysis purpose converting wastes into resources. Four types (extensively) studied recent years their catalytic CO 2 , N O, plastics, glycerol. This review article highlights how can be converted mediated by summarizes various catalysts discovered years. Moreover, with examples hydrogenative depolymerization plastic virgin via dehydrogenative pathways, we emphasize applications reactions facilitate closed‐loop cycles enabling economy.

Language: Английский

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Transfer Hydrogenation with Glycerol as H-Donor: Catalyst Activation, Deactivation and Homogeneity

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(19), P. 15845 - 15853

Published: Aug. 30, 2019

The title topic has risen to prominence with the increasing availability of biomass-derived polyol, glycerol. Homogeneous precatalysts, particularly precious metals, have taken a role in these developments promising initial results but much yet be done, notably broadening range accessible valorization products and moving cheaper catalysts. topics catalyst activation, deactivation homogeneity are relevant here because relatively harsh conditions commonly employed transfer hydrogenation from This may therefore good field which address problem instability been considered "Achilles heel" homogeneous catalysis.

Language: Английский

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