Chiral Cyclopentadienyl Ligands: Design, Syntheses, and Applications in Asymmetric Catalysis

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 60(24), P. 13198 - 13224

Published: July 16, 2020

The creation of new chiral ligands capable providing high stereocontrol in metal-catalyzed reactions is crucial modern organic synthesis. production bioactive molecules as single enantiomers increasingly required, and asymmetric catalysis with metal complexes constitutes one the most efficient synthetic strategies to access optically active compounds. Herein we offer a historical overview on development derivatives ubiquitous cyclopentadienyl ligand (CpX ), detail their successful application broad range transformations. Those include functionalization challenging C-H bonds beyond, giving an extensive catalogue valuable molecules. A critical comparison existing families, design, synthesis, complexation different metals also provided. In addition, future research directions are discussed further enhance performance CpX enantioselective catalysis.

Language: Английский

---

Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric C–H Functionalization Reactions

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(16), P. 10079 - 10134

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

This review summarizes the advancements in rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric C–H functionalization reactions during last two decades. Parallel to rapidly developed palladium catalysis, rhodium catalysis has attracted extensive attention because of its unique reactivity and selectivity reactions. In recent years, Rh-catalyzed have been significantly many respects, including catalyst design, reaction development, mechanistic investigation, application synthesis complex functional molecules. presents an explicit outline catalysts ligands, mechanism, scope coupling reagents, applications.

Language: Английский

---

Chiral Carboxylic Acid Assisted Enantioselective C–H Activation with Achiral Cp^xM^III (M = Co, Rh, Ir) Catalysts

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 6455 - 6466

Published: May 17, 2021

Enantioselective C–H functionalization is a powerful tool for synthesizing chiral molecules. In the past few years, combination of high-valent group 9 metals with achiral Cpx ligands and carboxylic acids (CCA) has emerged as promising catalytic system to enable selective cleavage enantiotopic bonds. This Perspective summarizes background, catalyst design, applied reactions in detail, followed by discussion future directions.

Language: Английский

---

Cobalt‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Carbonylation towards Chiral Isoindolinones

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(10)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-H carbonylation with carbon monoxide, an essential and easily available C1 feedstock, remains challenging. Here, we disclosed unprecedented catalyzed by inexpensive readily cobalt(II) salt. The reactions proceed efficiently through desymmetrization, kinetic resolution, parallel affording a broad range of chiral isoindolinones in good yields excellent enantioselectivities (up to 92 % yield 99 ee). synthetic potential this method was demonstrated asymmetric synthesis biological active compounds, such as (S)-PD172938 (S)-Pazinaclone. resulting also serve ligands cobalt-catalyzed annulation alkynes construct phosphorus stereocenter.

Language: Английский

---

Enantioselective [3+2] Annulation of Aldimines with Alkynes by Scandium‐Catalyzed C−H Activation

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Abstract The enantioselective [3+2] annulation of readily accessible aldimines with alkynes via C−H activation is, in principle, a straightforward and atom‐efficient route for synthesizing chiral 1‐aminoindenes, which are important components wide array natural products, bioactive molecules, functional materials. However, such asymmetric transformation has remained undeveloped to date due the lack suitable catalysts. Here, we report first time using half‐sandwich scandium This protocol enabled synthesis diverse multi‐substituted 1‐aminoindene derivatives 100 % atom‐efficiency, broad substrate scope, high regio‐ enantioselectivity. Density theory (DFT) analyses have revealed that noncovalent C−H⋅⋅⋅π interaction between tert ‐Bu substituent cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligand phenyl ring an aromatic aldimine played role achieving level work not only offers efficient selective new family but also unprecedented insights into enantioselectivity control Cp‐ligated metal

Language: Английский

---

Cobalt(III)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Carboamination by C−H Functionalization

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 60(2), P. 655 - 659

Published: Sept. 28, 2020

Abstract High‐valent cyclopentadienyl cobalt catalysis is a versatile tool for sustainable C−H bond functionalizations. To harness the full potential of this strategy, control stereoselectivity these processes necessary. Herein, we report highly enantioselective intermolecular carboaminations alkenes through activation N ‐phenoxyamides catalyzed by Co III ‐complexes equipped with chiral (Cp x ) ligands. The method converts widely available acrylates as well bicyclic olefins into attractive enantioenriched isotyrosine derivatives elaborated amino‐substituted scaffolds under very mild conditions. outlined reactivity unique to Cp complexes and complementary 4d‐ 5d‐ precious‐metal catalysts.

Language: Английский

---

Oxygen‐Linked Cyclopentadienyl Rhodium(III) Complexes‐Catalyzed Asymmetric C−H Arylation of Benzo[h]quinolines with 1‐Diazonaphthoquinones

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 60(28), P. 15510 - 15516

Published: April 16, 2021

Abstract Chiral cyclopentadienyl rhodium (CpRh) complex‐catalyzed asymmetric C−H functionalization reactions have witnessed a significant progress in organic synthesis. In sharp contrast, the reported chiral Cp ligands are limited to C‐linked and often synthetically challenging. To address these issues, we developed novel class of tunable bearing oxygen linkers, which were efficient catalysts for arylation benzo[ h ]quinolines with 1‐diazonaphthoquinones, affording axially heterobiaryls excellent yields enantioselectivity (up 99 % yield, 98.5:1.5 er). Mechanistic studies suggest that reaction is likely proceed by electrophilic activation, followed coupling cyclometalated rhodium(III) complex 1‐diazonaphthoquinones.

Language: Английский

---

Enantioselective C–H Alkenylation of Ferrocenes with Alkynes by Half-Sandwich Scandium Catalyst

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 143(6), P. 2470 - 2476

Published: Feb. 2, 2021

The enantioselective C–H alkenylation of ferrocenes with alkynes is, in principle, a straightforward and atom-efficient route for the construction planar-chiral ferrocene scaffolds bearing alkene functionality but has remained scarcely explored to date. Here we report first time highly quinoline- pyridine-substituted by half-sandwich scandium catalyst. This protocol features broad substrate scope, high enantioselectivity, 100% atom efficiency, selectively affording new family N/alkene functionalities. mechanistic details have been clarified DFT analyses. use quinoline/alkene-functionalized product as chiral ligand asymmetric catalysis is also demonstrated.

Language: Английский

---

Applications of Chiral Cyclopentadienyl (Cp^x) Metal Complexes in Asymmetric Catalysis

European Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2020(42), P. 6512 - 6524

Published: July 21, 2020

Metal complexes containing cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligands are versatile and robust catalysts widely applied in organic synthesis. During the last two decades chiral Cp x have been a variety of enantioselective transformations. Often associated with Group 9 metals (Co, Rh, Ir), also used combination early transition‐metals rare‐earth elements. In this minireview asymmetric reactions that successfully steered ligand metal discussed according to coordinated. Several designs diverse array reactions, particular C–H functionalisation, binaphthyl‐derived leading field. Challenges these derive from need for their multi‐step synthesis, recently new were designed, which can be accessed shorter sequences readily available starting materials.

Language: Английский

---

Achiral Cp^xIr(III)/Chiral Carboxylic Acid Catalyzed Enantioselective C–H Amidation of Ferrocenes under Mild Conditions

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(13), P. 7117 - 7122

Published: June 12, 2020

Ir(III)-catalyzed enantioselective C–H activation generally relies on the combination of chiral Ir(III) cyclopentadienyl complexes with carboxylic acids to ensure high enantiocontrol. We report herein achiral CpxIr(III)-catalyzed amidation ferrocenes. Crucial enantioselectivity is use a acid ligand derived from tert-leucine via Pd(II)-catalyzed γ-C(sp3)–H arylation and sterically more hindered CpxIr(III) catalyst. This reaction proceeds smoothly under very mild conditions (0 °C) tolerates wide range ferrocene carboxamides dioxazolones, providing products in good yields (up 97.5:2.5 er). protocol might open way for asymmetric activation.

Language: Английский

---