Chiral Metal–Organic Frameworks

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122(9), P. 9078 - 9144

Published: March 28, 2022

In the past two decades, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or porous coordination polymers (PCPs) assembled from metal ions clusters and organic linkers via metal-ligand bonds have captivated significant scientific interest on account of their high crystallinity, exceptional porosity, tunable pore size, modularity, diverse functionality. The opportunity to achieve functional materials by design with promising properties, unattainable for solid-state in general, distinguishes MOFs other classes materials, particular, traditional such as activated carbon, silica, zeolites, thereby leading complementary properties. Scientists conducted intense research production chiral MOF (CMOF) specific applications including but not limited recognition, separation, catalysis since discovery first CMOF (i.e., d- l-POST-1). At present, CMOFs become interdisciplinary between chirality chemistry, material which involve many subjects physics, optics, medicine, pharmacology, biology, crystal engineering, environmental science, etc. this review, we will systematically summarize recent progress regarding strategies, synthetic approaches, cutting-edge applications. highlight successful implementation asymmetric catalysis, enantioselective sensing. We envision that review provide readers a good understanding chemistry and, more importantly, facilitate endeavors rational multifunctional industrial implementation.

Language: Английский

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Covalent Organic Polymers and Frameworks for Fluorescence-Based Sensors

ACS Sensors, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 1461 - 1481

Published: April 7, 2021

Following the advancements and diversification in synthetic strategies for porous covalent materials literature, science community started to investigate performance of organic polymers (COPs) frameworks (COFs) applications that require large surface areas interaction with other molecules, chemical stability, insolubility. Sensorics is an area where COPs COFs have demonstrated immense potential achieved high levels sensitivity selectivity on account their tunable structures. In this review, we focus those polymeric systems use fluorescence spectroscopy as a method detection. After briefly reviewing physical basis fluorescence-based sensors, delve into various kinds analytes been explored COFs, namely, heavy metal ions, explosives, biological amines, pH, volatile compounds solvents, iodine, enantiomers, gases, anions. Throughout work, discuss mechanisms involved each sensing application aim quantify potency discussed sensors by providing limits detection quenching constants when available. This review concludes summary surveyed literature raises few concerns should be addressed future development COP COF sensors.

Language: Английский

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Porous organic polymers as a platform for sensing applications

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(6), P. 2031 - 2080

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Sensing analysis is significantly important for human health and environmental safety. In this review, POPs used as platforms various sensing applications have been summarized discussed.

Language: Английский

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Metalated covalent organic frameworks: from synthetic strategies to diverse applications

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(15), P. 6307 - 6416

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

This review highlights the recent advances of metalated covalent organic frameworks, including synthetic strategies and applications, discusses current challenges future directions.

Language: Английский

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Facile construction of fully sp2-carbon conjugated two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks containing benzobisthiazole units

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2022

Abstract Developing a facile strategy for the construction of vinylene-linked fully π -conjugated covalent organic frameworks (COFs) remains huge challenge. Here, versatile condition Knoevenagel polycondensation constructing 2D COFs was explored. Three new examples ( BTH-1 , 2 3 ) containing benzobisthiazoles units as functional groups were successfully prepared under this and mild condition. The electron-deficient benzobisthiazole cyano-vinylene linkages both integrated into conjugated skeleton acted acceptor moieties. Interestingly, we found highly ordered D-A system is favorable photocatalytic activity. BTH-3 with benzotrithiophene donor strong effect exhibited an attractive HER 15.1 mmol h −1 g visible light irradiation.

Language: Английский

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Macrocycle‐Based Porous Organic Polymers for Separation, Sensing, and Catalysis

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 34(6)

Published: Oct. 22, 2021

Abstract With the rapid development of materials science, porous organic polymers (POPs) have received remarkable attentions because their unique properties such as exceptionally high surface area and flexible molecular design. The ability to incorporate specific functions in a precise manner makes POPs promising platforms for myriad applications adsorption, separation, catalysis. Therefore, many different types been rationally designed synthesized expand scope advanced materials, endowing them with distinct structures properties. Recently, supramolecular macrocycles excellent host–guest complexation abilities are emerging powerful crosslinkers developing novel hierarchical improved performance, which can be well‐organized at spatial scales. Macrocycle‐based could unusual porous, adsorptive, optical when compared nonmacrocycle‐incorporated counterparts. This cooperation provides valuable insights molecular‐level understanding skeletal complexity diversity. Here, research advances macrocycle‐based aptly summarized by showing syntheses, properties, terms sensing, Finally, current challenging issues this exciting field delineated comprehensive outlook is offered future directions.

Language: Английский

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Stimuli-Responsive Crystalline Smart Materials: From Rational Design and Fabrication to Applications

Accounts of Chemical Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(7), P. 1047 - 1058

Published: March 16, 2022

Stimuli-responsive smart materials that can undergo reversible chemical/physical changes under external stimuli such as mechanical stress, heat, light, gas, electricity, and pH, are currently attracting increasing attention in the fields of sensors, actuators, optoelectronic devices, information storage, medical applications, so forth. The current mostly concentrate on polymers, carbon materials, crystalline liquids, hydrogels, which have no or low structural order (i.e., responsive groups/moieties disorderly structures), inevitably introducing deficiencies a relatively response speeds, energy transformation inefficiencies, unclear structure-property relationships. Consequently, with well-defined regular molecular arrays offer new opportunity to create novel improved stimuli-responsive performance. Crystalline include framework (e.g., metal-organic frameworks, MOFs; covalent organic COFs) crystals molecules cages), obvious advantages compared amorphous materials. For example, be uniformly installed skeleton crystal form ordered arrays, making transfer between external-stimulus signals sites much faster more efficiently. Besides that, structures facilitate situ characterization their at level by means various techniques high-tech equipment spectra single-crystal/powder X-ray diffraction, thus benefiting investigation understanding mechanism behind behaviors Nevertheless, some unsolved challenges remain for (CSMs), hampering fabrication material systems practical applications. instance, materials' crystallinity increases, processability properties usually decrease, unavoidably hindering application. Moreover, exist micro/nanosized powders, difficult make macroscale. Thus, developing strategies balance establishing macroscale great significance applications.In this Account, we mainly summarize recent research progress achieved our groups, including (i) rational design an in-depth relationship (ii) creating modification improve Overall, Account summarizes state-of-the-art points out existing future development directions field.

Language: Английский

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Macrocycle-derived hierarchical porous organic polymers: synthesis and applications

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(20), P. 11684 - 11714

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

This review article specifically highlights the synthetic strategies and promising applications of macrocycle-derived hierarchical porous organic polymers (POPs).

Language: Английский

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Are Highly Stable Covalent Organic Frameworks the Key to Universal Chiral Stationary Phases for Liquid and Gas Chromatographic Separations?

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 144(2), P. 891 - 900

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas (GC) over chiral stationary phases (CSPs) represent the most popular highly applicable technology in field of separation, but there are currently no CSPs that can be used for both simultaneously. We demonstrate here two olefin-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) featuring crown ether groups general extensive separation not only GC also normal-phase reversed-phase HPLC. Both COFs have same 2D layered porous structure channels different sizes display high stability under chemical environments including water, solvents, acids, bases. Chiral ethers periodically aligned within COF channels, allowing enantioselective recognition guest molecules through intermolecular interactions. The COF-packed HPLC columns show excellent complementarity each affords resolution, selectivity, durability a wide range racemic compounds, amino esters, lactones, amides, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, drugs. resolution performances comparable to versatility is superior those widely commercial columns, showing promises practical applications. This work thus advances with as potential universal otherwise hard or impossible produce.

Language: Английский

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Toward azo-linked covalent organic frameworks by developing linkage chemistry via linker exchange

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 21, 2022

Exploring new linkage chemistry for covalent organic frameworks (COFs) provides a strong driving force to promote the development of this emerging class crystalline porous materials. Herein we report strategy synthesize COFs with azo linkage, one most important functional unit in materials science but having not yet been exploited as COFs. This is developed on basis situ linker exchange, by which imine-linked are completely transformed into azo-linked (Azo-COFs). Moreover, distinct properties Azo-COFs from their corresponding precursors observed, indicating unique property Azo-COFs. useful approach develop It also has established synthetic method COFs, only enriches family offers platform explore and applications conjugated polymers.

Language: Английский

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