Toward Direct Regeneration of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Next-Generation Recycling Method

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(5), P. 2839 - 2887

Published: March 1, 2024

The popularity of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has led to the drastically increasing consumption lithium-ion batteries recently, raising concerns about disposal recycling spent batteries. However, rate worldwide at present is extremely low. Many factors limit promotion battery rate: outdated technology most critical one. Existing metallurgy-based methods rely on continuous decomposition extraction steps with high-temperature roasting/acid leaching processes many chemical reagents. These are tedious worse economic feasibility, products mostly alloys or salts, which can only be used as precursors. To simplify process improve benefits, novel in urgent demand, direct recycling/regeneration therefore proposed a next-generation method. Herein, comprehensive review origin, current status, prospect provided. We have systematically analyzed summarized their limitations, pointing out necessity developing methods. A detailed analysis for discussions advantages, obstacles conducted. Guidance future toward large-scale industrialization well green efficient systems also

Language: Английский

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Fundamentals, status and challenges of direct recycling technologies for lithium ion batteries

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(23), P. 8194 - 8244

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Unlike conventional recycling methods that focus on 'extraction', direct aims for 'repair', which necessitates selecting and designing a strategy based the failure mechanisms of spent lithium ion battery materials.

Language: Английский

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Progress, challenges, and prospects of spent lithium-ion batteries recycling: A review

Journal of Energy Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 89, P. 144 - 171

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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A Semisolvated Sole-Solvent Electrolyte for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145(44), P. 24260 - 24271

Published: Oct. 27, 2023

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) coupled with a high-voltage Ni-rich cathode are promising for meeting the increasing demand high energy density. However, aggressive electrode chemistry imposes ultimate requirements on electrolytes used. Among various optimized investigated, localized high-concentration (LHCEs) have excellent reversibility against lithium anode. because they consist of thermally and electrochemically unstable solvents, inferior stability at elevated temperatures cutoff voltages. Here we report semisolvated sole-solvent electrolyte to construct typical LHCE solvation structure but significantly improved using one bifunctional solvent. The designed exhibits exceptional both electrodes suppressed dendrite growth, phase transition, microcracking, transition dissolution. A Li||Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cell this operates stably over wide temperature range from -20 60 °C has capacity retention 95.6% after 100th cycle 4.7 V, ∼80% initial is retained even 180 cycles. This new indicates path toward future engineering safe LMBs.

Language: Английский

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Cathode regeneration and upcycling of spent LIBs: toward sustainability

Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 2856 - 2868

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Cathode regeneration and upcycling technologies, aimed at non-destructively recovering upgrading the electrochemical performance of degraded materials, show excellent flexibility potential for transforming LIB industry from a resource-based to circular economy.

Language: Английский

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Electrolyte Degradation During Aging Process of Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Mechanisms, Characterization, and Quantitative Analysis

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(18)

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Abstract Given that the non‐aqueous electrolyte in Li‐ion battery plays a specific role as an ion‐transport medium and interfacial modifier for both cathode anode, understanding evaluating evolution degradation of electrolytes throughout life cycle is fundamental concern within lithium‐ion (LIB) community. This article provides comprehensive overview decomposition processes, mechanisms, effects on performance, characterization techniques, modeling analysis. First, it thoroughly discusses processes mechanisms involved from two primary perspectives: 1) formation electrode‐electrolyte interphase 2) bulk electrolyte. Subsequently, systematically outlines performance. The further introduces cutting‐edge detection techniques used to assess degradation, with emphasis quantitative methods analyzing residual practical cells. Moreover, summarizes advanced physical models decomposition. Finally, paper concludes by offering insights into future trends potential challenges research, offers valuable references guidance exploration LIBs.

Language: Английский

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Band Structure Engineering and Orbital Orientation Control Constructing Dual Active Sites for Efficient Sulfur Redox Reaction

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(2)

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Abstract The kinetics difference among multistep electrochemical processes leads to the accumulation of soluble polysulfides and thus shuttle effect in lithium−sulfur (Li−S) batteries. While interaction between catalysts representative species has been reported, root difference, change redox reactions, remains unclear, which significantly impedes design for Li−S Here, this work deciphers electrocatalytic sulfur using tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) a model system demonstrate efficiency modifying selectivity via dual‐coordination design. Band structure engineering orbital orientation control are combined guide WS with boron dopants vacancies (B−WS 2− x ), accurately modulating lithium sites polysulfide relatively higher short‐chain polysulfides. modified trend is experimentally confirmed by distinguishing each reaction step, indicating effectiveness designed strategy. An Ah‐level pouch cell B−WS delivers gravimetric energy density up 417.6 Wh kg −1 low electrolyte/sulfur ratio 3.6 µL mg negative/positive 1.2. This presents strategy advancing evolutionarily catalytic activity, offering rational develop effective practical

Language: Английский

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Degradation Mechanisms of Electrodes Promotes Direct Regeneration of Spent Li‐Ion Batteries: A Review

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(23)

Published: March 27, 2024

Abstract The rapid growth of electric vehicle use is expected to cause a significant environmental problem in the next few years due large number spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Recycling LIBs will not only alleviate problems but also address challenge limited natural resources shortages. While several hydro‐ and pyrometallurgical processes are developed for recycling different components batteries, direct regeneration presents clear environmental, economic advantages. principle approach restoring electrochemical performance by healing defective structure materials. Thus, development technology largely depends on formation mechanism defects LIBs. This review systematically details degradation mechanisms types found diverse cathode materials, graphite anodes, current collectors during battery's lifecycle. Building this understanding, principles methodologies directly rejuvenating materials within outlined. Also main challenges solutions large‐scale proposed. Furthermore, aims pave way discarded offering theoretical foundation practical guidance.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive review of emerging technologies for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 910, P. 168543 - 168543

Published: Nov. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the Coupling Effect between Cathode and Anode toward Practical Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: July 27, 2023

Abstract The localized reaction heterogeneity of the sulfur cathode and uneven Li deposition on anode are intractable issues for lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries under practical operation. Despite impressive progress in separately optimizing or anode, a comprehensive understanding highly coupled relationship between is still lacking. In this work, inspired by Butler–Volmer equation, binary descriptor ( I BD ) assisting rational structural design simultaneously considering mass‐transport index mass charge‐transfer charge identified, subsequently morphological evolution established. Guided , scalable electrode providing interpenetrated flow channels efficient mass/charge transfer, full utilization active sulfur, mechanically elastic support aggressive electrochemical reactions conditions reported. These characteristics induce homogenous distribution local current densities reduced both sides anode. Impressive energy density 318 Wh kg −1 473 L an Ah‐level pouch cell can be achieved concept. This work offers promising paradigm unlocking interaction designing high‐energy Li–S batteries.

Language: Английский

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