The
renewable
electricity-driven
CO2
and
CO
reduction
represents
a
promising
approach
for
reducing
the
footprint
toward
carbon
neutrality.
Substantial
research
developments
have
been
achieved
in
designing
catalysts
reaction
interfaces
enhanced
electrocatalytic
activity
selectivity,
investigation
understanding
of
complex
mechanisms
also
extensively
investigated
by
both
situ
characterizations
theoretical
investigations.
Although
quasi-equilibrium
rate-determining
step
assumptions
are
widely
used
electrochemical
kinetics,
overall
rate
is
generally
determined
series
elementary
steps,
influence
certain
can
be
quantified
based
on
degree
control
theory.
For
complicated
networks
CO(2)
reduction,
not
only
steps
but
subsequent
selectivity-determining
play
critical
roles,
especially
product
selectivity.
In
this
Perspective,
we
summarize
strategies
that
tune
selectivity
their
impacts
respectively.
addition,
describe
coupling
electroreduction
with
other
(electro)chemical
reactions,
such
as
nitrite
methane
oxidation,
to
form
value-added
products.
At
end,
current
challenges
opportunities
field
discussed
inspire
further
development
next
stage.
Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
For
a
tandem
electrode
of
(Cu
7
/Ag
3
)
-Ru
/C,
the
heterostructure
maximized
formation
NO
2
−
,
and
Ru
nanoparticles
exhibited
excellent
adsorption
water
dissociation,
facilitating
hydrogenation
avoiding
HER.
ChemistrySelect,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
10(7)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Abstract
Electrochemical
CO
2
reduction
(denoted
as
ECO
R)
technology
is
expected
to
transform
greenhouse
gas
into
a
range
of
fuels
and
chemicals
combined
with
renewable
electricity.
A
wide
fundamental
research
has
been
dedicated
the
clarification
reaction
mechanisms
developing
catalyst
materials,
which
have
significantly
facilitated
level
R
technology.
Nevertheless,
still
encounters
limitations
such
low
utilization
efficiency
insufficient
selectivity
high‐value
products.
Addressing
these
challenges
crucial
for
be
implemented
in
practical
applications.
In
an
electrolysis
system,
electrolyzer
represents
core
component
system
primary
site.
Therefore,
composition
structure
will
directly
affect
performance.
This
review
begins
by
outlining
recent
progress
at
large‐scale
level,
followed
comprehensive
analysis
industrial
configuration,
including
detailed
considerations
electrode,
diffusion
layer,
membrane
electrolyzer.
Finally,
we
elucidate
remaining
associated
industrialization
this
offer
suggestions
advancing
it.
The
renewable
electricity-driven
CO2
and
CO
reduction
represents
a
promising
approach
for
reducing
the
footprint
toward
carbon
neutrality.
Substantial
research
developments
have
been
achieved
in
designing
catalysts
reaction
interfaces
enhanced
electrocatalytic
activity
selectivity,
investigation
understanding
of
complex
mechanisms
also
extensively
investigated
by
both
situ
characterizations
theoretical
investigations.
Although
quasi-equilibrium
rate-determining
step
assumptions
are
widely
used
electrochemical
kinetics,
overall
rate
is
generally
determined
series
elementary
steps,
influence
certain
can
be
quantified
based
on
degree
control
theory.
For
complicated
networks
CO(2)
reduction,
not
only
steps
but
subsequent
selectivity-determining
play
critical
roles,
especially
product
selectivity.
In
this
Perspective,
we
summarize
strategies
that
tune
selectivity
their
impacts
respectively.
addition,
describe
coupling
electroreduction
with
other
(electro)chemical
reactions,
such
as
nitrite
methane
oxidation,
to
form
value-added
products.
At
end,
current
challenges
opportunities
field
discussed
inspire
further
development
next
stage.
