Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
145(10), P. 5888 - 5898
Published: Feb. 14, 2023
The
selective
oxidation
of
CH4
in
the
aqueous
phase
to
produce
valuable
chemicals
has
attracted
considerable
attention
due
its
mild
reaction
conditions
and
simple
process.
As
most
widely
studied
catalyst
for
this
reaction,
Fe-ZSM-5
demonstrates
high
intrinsic
activity
selectivity;
however,
prepared
using
conventional
methods
a
limited
number
active
Fe
sites,
resulting
low
conversion
per
unit
mass
catalyst.
This
study
reports
facile
organic-template-free
synthesis
strategy
that
enables
incorporation
more
into
zeolite
framework
with
higher
dispersion
degree
compared
methods.
Because
incorporated
way
is
readily
transformed
isolated
extra-framework
species
under
thermal
treatment,
overall
effect
method
(Fe-HZ5-TF)
3
times
as
many
catalytically
sites
Fe-ZSM-5.
When
used
0.5
M
H2O2
at
75
°C,
Fe-HZ5-TF
produced
C1
oxygenate
yield
109.4
mmol
gcat-1
h-1
(a
HCOOH
selectivity
91.1%),
surpassing
other
catalysts
reported
date.
Spectroscopic
characterization
density
functional
theory
calculations
revealed
are
mononuclear
form
[(H2O)3Fe(IV)═O]2+
bound
Al
pairs
framework.
differs
from
Fe-ZSM-5,
where
binuclear
acts
site.
Analysis
product
evolution
during
suggests
radical-driven
pathway
explain
activation
site
subsequent
oxygenates.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
118(5), P. 2718 - 2768
Published: Dec. 19, 2017
Metal-exchanged
zeolites
are
a
class
of
heterogeneous
catalysts
that
perform
important
functions
ranging
from
selective
hydrocarbon
oxidation
to
remediation
NOx
pollutants.
Among
these,
copper
and
iron
remarkably
reactive,
hydroxylating
methane
benzene
selectively
at
low
temperature
form
methanol
phenol,
respectively.
In
these
systems,
reactivity
occurs
well-defined
molecular
transition
metal
active
sites,
in
this
review
we
discuss
recent
advances
the
spectroscopic
characterization
sites
their
reactive
intermediates.
Site-selective
spectroscopy
continues
play
key
role,
making
it
possible
focus
on
exist
within
distribution
inactive
spectator
centers.
The
definition
geometric
electronic
structures
metallozeolites
has
advanced
level
bioinorganic
chemistry,
enabling
direct
comparison
metallozeolite
functionally
analogous
Fe
Cu
biology.
We
identify
significant
parallels
differences
strategies
used
by
each
achieve
high
reactivity,
highlighting
potentially
interesting
mechanisms
tune
performance
synthetic
catalysts.
Catalysis Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
7(2), P. 366 - 381
Published: Dec. 13, 2016
This
Perspective
highlights
recent
developments
in
methane
conversion
into
different
hydrocarbons
and
C1-oxygenates.
Our
analysis
identified
possible
directions
for
further
research
to
bring
the
above
approaches
a
commercial
level.
ACS Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
7(7), P. 4291 - 4303
Published: May 18, 2017
Cu-exchanged
small-pore
zeolites
(CHA
and
AEI)
form
methanol
from
methane
(>95%
selectivity)
using
a
3-step
cyclic
procedure
(Wulfers
et
al.
Chem.
Commun.
2015,
51,
4447−4450)
with
amounts
higher
than
Cu-ZSM-5
Cu-mordenite
on
per
gram
Cu
basis.
Here,
the
CuxOy
species
formed
Cu-SSZ-13
Cu-SSZ-39
following
O2
or
He
activation
at
450
°C
are
identified
as
trans-μ-1,2-peroxo
dicopper(II)
([Cu2O2]2+)
mono-(μ-oxo)
([Cu2O]2+)
synchrotron
X-ray
diffraction,
in
situ
UV–vis,
Raman
spectroscopy
theory.
[Cu2O2]2+
[Cu2O]2+
showed
ligand-to-metal
charge
transfer
(LMCT)
energies
between
22,200
35,000
cm–1,
Cu–O
vibrations
360,
510,
580,
617
cm–1
an
O–O
vibration
837
cm–1.
The
assigned
to
species,
whereas
(Δ18O
=
24
cm–1)
is
stretching
of
thermodynamically
favored
Cu–O–Cu
angle
95°.
On
basis
intensity
loss
broad
LMCT
band
571
upon
reaction,
both
suggested
take
part
200
core
playing
dominant
role.
A
relationship
[Cu2Oy]2+
concentration
Cu(II)
eight-membered
ring
observed
related
[CuOH]+
intermediate
formation.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
49(5), P. 1449 - 1486
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
In
this
critical
review
we
examine
the
current
state
of
our
knowledge
in
respect
nature
active
sites
copper
containing
zeolites
for
selective
conversion
methane
to
methanol.
We
consider
varied
experimental
evidence
arising
from
application
X-ray
diffraction,
and
vibrational,
electronic,
spectroscopies
that
exist,
along
with
results
theory.
aim
establish
both
what
is
known
regarding
these
elusive
materials
how
they
function,
also
where
gaps
still
offer
suggestions
strategies
as
might
be
closed
such
rational
design
more
effective
efficient
type
proceed
further.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
140(45), P. 15270 - 15278
Published: Oct. 22, 2018
The
direct
conversion
of
methane
to
methanol
(MTM)
is
a
reaction
that
has
the
potential
disrupt
great
part
synthesis
gas-derived
chemical
industry.
However,
despite
many
decades
research,
active
enough
catalysts
and
suitable
processes
for
industrial
application
are
still
not
available.
Recently,
several
copper-exchanged
zeolites
have
shown
considerable
activity
selectivity
in
MTM
reaction.
Understanding
nature
site
these
materials
essential
any
further
development
field.
Herein,
we
apply
multivariate
curve
resolution
analysis
X-ray
absorption
spectroscopy
data
accurately
quantify
fraction
Cu
Cu-MOR
(MOR
=
mordenite),
allowing
an
unambiguous
determination
nuclearity
as
dicopper
site.
By
rationalizing
compositional
parameters
conditions,
achieve
highest
yield
per
yet
reported
over
Cu-zeolites,
0.47
mol/mol.
ACS Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
6(10), P. 6531 - 6536
Published: Aug. 17, 2016
Direct
conversion
of
methane
to
methanol
using
oxygen
is
experiencing
renewed
interest
owing
the
availability
new
natural
gas
resources.
Copper-exchanged
zeolites
such
as
mordenite
and
ZSM-5
have
shown
encouraging
results,
di-
tri-copper
species
been
suggested
active
sites.
Recently,
small
eight-membered
ring
(8MR)
including
SSZ-13,
-16,
-39
be
for
oxidation,
but
sites
reaction
mechanisms
in
these
8MR
are
not
known.
In
this
work,
we
use
density
functional
theory
(DFT)
calculations
systematically
evaluate
monocopper
partial
oxidation
Cu-exchanged
SSZ-13.
On
basis
kinetic
thermodynamic
arguments,
suggest
that
[CuIIOH]+
responsible
experimentally
observed
activity.
Our
results
successfully
explain
available
spectroscopic
data
experimental
observations
(i)
necessity
water
extraction
(ii)
effect
Si/Al
ratio
on
catalyst
Monocopper
yet
an
site
reaction,
our
may
provide
complementary
routes
activation
addition
known
[Cu–O–Cu]2+
Cu3O3
motifs.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
123(9), P. 6359 - 6411
Published: Dec. 2, 2022
The
direct
transformation
of
methane
to
methanol
remains
a
significant
challenge
for
operation
at
larger
scale.
Central
this
is
the
low
reactivity
conditions
that
can
facilitate
product
recovery.
This
review
discusses
issue
through
examination
several
promising
routes
and
an
evaluation
performance
targets
are
required
develop
process
We
explore
methods
currently
used,
emergence
active
heterogeneous
catalysts
their
design
reaction
mechanisms
provide
critical
perspective
on
future
operation.
Initial
experiments
discussed
where
identification
gas
phase
radical
chemistry
limited
further
development
by
approach.
Subsequently,
new
class
catalytic
materials
based
natural
systems
such
as
iron
or
copper
containing
zeolites
were
explored
milder
conditions.
key
issues
these
technologies
conversion
often
overoxidation
products.
Despite
this,
interest
high
in
wider
appeal
effective
route
products
from
C–H
activation,
particularly
with
need
transition
net
carbon
zero
renewable
sources
exciting.