3d Transition Metals for C–H Activation

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 119(4), P. 2192 - 2452

Published: Nov. 27, 2018

C–H activation has surfaced as an increasingly powerful tool for molecular sciences, with notable applications to material crop protection, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries, among others. Despite major advances, the vast majority of these functionalizations required precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts. Given cost-effective sustainable nature earth-abundant first row metals, development less toxic, inexpensive 3d catalysts gained considerable recent momentum a significantly more environmentally-benign economically-attractive alternative. Herein, we provide comprehensive overview on until summer 2018.

Language: Английский

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Electrochemical strategies for C–H functionalization and C–N bond formation

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 47(15), P. 5786 - 5865

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

This review provides an overview of the use electrochemistry as appealing platform for expediting carbon–hydrogen functionalization and carbon–nitrogen bond formation.

Language: Английский

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Bidentate Directing Groups: An Efficient Tool in C–H Bond Functionalization Chemistry for the Expedient Construction of C–C Bonds

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 120(3), P. 1788 - 1887

Published: Jan. 6, 2020

During the past decades, synthetic organic chemistry discovered that directing group assisted C–H activation is a key tool for expedient and siteselective construction of C–C bonds. Among various strategies, bidentate groups are now recognized as one most efficient devices selective functionalization certain positions due to fact its metal center permits fine, tunable, reversible coordination. The family permit types assistance be achieved, such N,N-dentate, N,O-dentate, N,S-dentate auxiliaries, which categorized based on coordination site. In this review, we broadly discuss bond reactions formation bonds with aid groups.

Language: Английский

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Electrochemical Arylation Reaction

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 118(14), P. 6706 - 6765

Published: July 2, 2018

Arylated products are found in various fields of chemistry and represent essential entities for many applications. Therefore, the formation this structural feature represents a central issue contemporary organic synthesis. By action electricity necessity leaving groups, metal catalysts, stoichiometric oxidizers, or reducing agents can be omitted part even completely. The replacement conventional reagents by sustainable not only will environmentally benign but also allows significant short cuts electrochemical In addition, methodology considered as inherently safe. current survey is organized cathodic anodic conversions well number groups being involved. some electroconversions used regenerated at electrode, whereas other electrotransformations free radical sequences exploited to afford highly process. aryl-substrate bond discussed aromatic substrates, heterocycles, multiple systems, saturated carbon substrates. This covers most seminal work advances past two decades area.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Oxidative R¹-H/R²-H Cross-Coupling with Hydrogen Evolution via Photo-/Electrochemistry

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 119(12), P. 6769 - 6787

Published: May 10, 2019

Photo-/electrochemical catalyzed oxidative R1-H/R2-H cross-coupling with hydrogen evolution has become an increasingly important issue for molecular synthesis. The dream of construction C-C/C-X bonds from readily available C-H/X-H release H2 can be facilely achieved without external chemical oxidants, providing a greener model bond formation. Given the great influence these reactions in organic chemistry, we give summary state art via photo/electrochemistry, and hope this review will stimulate development synthetic strategy near future.

Language: Английский

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Electrocatalytic C–H Activation

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 7086 - 7103

Published: June 18, 2018

C–H activation has emerged as a transformative tool in molecular synthesis, but until recently oxidative activations have largely involved the use of stoichiometric amounts expensive and toxic metal oxidants, compromising overall sustainable nature chemistry. In sharp contrast, electrochemical been identified more efficient strategy that exploits storable electricity place byproduct-generating chemical reagents. Thus, transition-metal catalysts were shown to enable versatile reactions manner. While palladium catalysis set stage for C(sp2)–H C(sp3)–H functionalizations by N-containing directing groups, rhodium ruthenium allowed weakly coordinating amides acids. contrast these precious 4d transition metals, recent year witnessed emergence cobalt oxygenations, nitrogenations, C–C-forming [4+2] alkyne annulations. Thereby, silver(I) oxidants was prevented, improving environmentally benign catalysis. Herein, we summarize major advances organometallic otherwise inert bonds electrocatalysis through May 2018.

Language: Английский

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Late-stage C–H functionalization offers new opportunities in drug discovery

Nature Reviews Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(8), P. 522 - 545

Published: July 13, 2021

Language: Английский

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Organic Electrochemistry: Molecular Syntheses with Potential

ACS Central Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 415 - 431

Published: March 9, 2021

Efficient and selective molecular syntheses are paramount to

Language: Английский

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C–H Activation: Toward Sustainability and Applications

ACS Central Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 245 - 261

Published: Feb. 2, 2021

Since the definition of "12 Principles Green Chemistry" more than 20 years ago, chemists have become increasingly mindful need to conserve natural resources and protect environment through judicious choice synthetic routes materials. The direct activation functionalization C–H bonds, bypassing intermediate functional group installation is, in abstracto, step atom economic, but numerous factors still hinder sustainability large-scale applications. In this Outlook, we highlight research areas seeking overcome challenges activation: pursuit abundant metal catalysts, avoidance static directing groups, replacement oxidants, introduction bioderived solvents. We close by examining progress made subfield aryl borylation from its origins, highly efficient precious Ir-based systems, emerging 3d catalysts. future growth field will depend on industrial uptake, thus urge researchers strive toward sustainable activation.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in C–H Functionalization Using Electrochemical Transition Metal Catalysis

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 7179 - 7189

Published: June 19, 2018

Electrochemical transition metal catalysis is a powerful strategy for organic synthesis because it obviates the use of stoichiometric chemical oxidants and reductants. C–H bond functionalization offers variety useful conversions simple ubiquitous molecules into diverse functional groups in single synthetic operation. This review summarizes recent progress merging electrochemistry with metal-catalyzed functionalization, specifically C–C, C–X (halogen), C–O, C–P, C–N formation.

Language: Английский

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