Importance of Broad Temperature Windows and Multiple Rheological Approaches for Probing Viscoelasticity and Entropic Elasticity in Vitrimers DOI
Laura E. Porath, Christopher M. Evans

Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 54(10), P. 4782 - 4791

Published: May 5, 2021

Model polydimethylsiloxane telechelic vitrimers with dynamic boronic ester bonds were synthesized to investigate the viscoelastic properties of networks extremely low Tg via multiple rheological approaches. Frequency sweeps and stress relaxation tests, conducted at more than 120 °C above Tg, show anticipated Arrhenius behavior time inverse temperature give same activation energy for a fixed molecular weight, obtained using variety analysis methods. Time–temperature superposition demonstrates that flow regime is thermorheologically simple, while modulus plateau increases increasing temperature, consistent conserved network topology associative bond exchange. As times decrease, rubbery increases, indicating decoupling terminal dynamics from mechanics. Below 40 °C, second lower emerges, which attributed transition dominated by reaction exchange kinetics dictated local polymer dynamics. Our work points importance assessing broad window approaches in probing networks.

Language: Английский

Adaptable Crosslinks in Polymeric Materials: Resolving the Intersection of Thermoplastics and Thermosets DOI
Georg M. Scheutz, Jacob J. Lessard, Michael B. Sims

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 141(41), P. 16181 - 16196

Published: Sept. 16, 2019

The classical division of polymeric materials into thermoplastics and thermosets based on covalent network structure often implies that these categories are distinct irreconcilable. Yet, the past two decades have seen extensive development bridge this gap through incorporation dynamic crosslinks, enabling them to behave as both robust networks moldable plastics. Although their potential utility is significant, growth adaptable (CANs) has obscured line between "thermoplastic" "thermoset" erected a conceptual barrier growing number new researchers entering discipline. This Perspective aims outline fundamental theory CANs provide critical assessment current status. We emphasize throughout unique properties emerge from chemistry, particularly highlight role crosslink exchange mechanism (i.e., dissociative or associative exchange) plays in resultant material under processing conditions. Predominant focus will be thermally induced behavior, majority presently employed chemistries rely thermal stimulus, it simple apply bulk materials. Lastly, identify issues address possible solutions for better understanding within field.

Language: Английский

Citations

705

Dynamic covalent chemistry in polymer networks: a mechanistic perspective DOI Creative Commons
Johan M. Winne, Ludwik Leibler, Filip Du Prez

et al.

Polymer Chemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(45), P. 6091 - 6108

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

A selection of dynamic chemistries is highlighted, with a focus on the reaction mechanisms molecular network rearrangements, and how mechanistic profiles can be related to mechanical physicochemical properties polymer materials.

Language: Английский

Citations

534

Vitrimers: directing chemical reactivity to control material properties DOI Creative Commons
Marc Guerre, Christian Taplan, Johan M. Winne

et al.

Chemical Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(19), P. 4855 - 4870

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

In this minireview, we survey recent advances in the development of vitrimer materials. Focus on how to chemically control their material properties is used highlight challenges for boosting potential emerging class polymer

Language: Английский

Citations

451

Vitrimers: Associative dynamic covalent adaptive networks in thermoset polymers DOI
Balaji Krishnakumar, R. V. Siva Prasanna Sanka, Wolfgang H. Binder

et al.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 385, P. 123820 - 123820

Published: Dec. 16, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

396

Vitrimers: Current research trends and their emerging applications DOI Creative Commons
Jie Zheng, Zhuang Mao Png, Shi Hoe Ng

et al.

Materials Today, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 586 - 625

Published: July 29, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

279

Catalyst-Free Vitrimers from Vinyl Polymers DOI
Jacob J. Lessard,

Luis F. Garcia,

Charles P. Easterling

et al.

Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 52(5), P. 2105 - 2111

Published: Feb. 20, 2019

Cross-linked networks feature exceptional chemical and mechanical resilience but consequently lack recyclability. Vitrimers have emerged as a class of materials that the robustness thermosets recyclability thermoplastics without compromising network integrity. Most examples vitrimers involved new polymers with exchangeable bonds within their backbones. In pursuit more universal, commercially viable route, we propose method utilizing available inexpensive reagents to prepare from vinyl monomer-derived prepolymers contain cross-linkable β-ketoester functional groups. Controlled radical copolymerization methyl methracrylate (2-acetoacetoxy)ethyl methacrylate afforded linear were converted into in single step by treatment trifunctional amine. These displayed characteristic features reprocessability over many six (re)processing cycles. Critically, prepared through this process largely retain thermal properties counterparts, suggesting holds significant utility user-friendly relevant approach rational design diverse properties.

Language: Английский

Citations

254

Internal Catalysis in Covalent Adaptable Networks: Phthalate Monoester Transesterification As a Versatile Dynamic Cross-Linking Chemistry DOI

Maarten Delahaye,

Johan M. Winne, Filip Du Prez

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 141(38), P. 15277 - 15287

Published: Aug. 30, 2019

Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) often make use of highly active external catalysts to provide swift exchange the dynamic chemical bonds. Alternatively, milder species can act as internal when covalently attached matrix and in close proximity In this context, we introduce phthalate monoesters a novel chemistry platform for covalent networks. A low-molecular-weight (MW) model study shows that these undergo fast transesterification via dissociative mechanism, caused by catalysis free carboxylic acid, which reversibly forms an activated phthalic anhydride intermediate. Using chemistry, wide series CANs with broad range properties have been prepared simply curing mixture diols triols bifunctional anhydrides. The nature was confirmed recycling experiments multiple cycles stress relaxation using rheology. proved be resistant deformation but showed marked temperature response their rheological behavior, related reactions high activation energy (120 kJ/mol). While densely cross-linked hydrolytically stable polyester low soluble fractions obtained, found that, swelling hot solvent, gel-to-sol transition happened, resulted full dissolution network.

Language: Английский

Citations

245

A fully bio-based polyimine vitrimer derived from fructose DOI
Sébastien Dhers, Ghislaine Vantomme, Luc Avérous

et al.

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(7), P. 1596 - 1601

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

A bio-based polyimine vitrimer containing 100% renewable carbon content has been synthesised and characterised, based on furan dialdehyde derived from fructose.

Language: Английский

Citations

243

Block Copolymer Vitrimers DOI
Jacob J. Lessard, Georg M. Scheutz,

Seung Hyun Sung

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 142(1), P. 283 - 289

Published: Dec. 3, 2019

In this report, we merge block copolymers with vitrimers in an effort to realize the prospect of higher-order, nanoscale control over associative cross-link exchange and flow. We show use controlled polymerization as a vital tool understand fundamental structure–property effects through precise polymer architecture molecular weight. Vitrimers derived from self-assembling exhibit superior resistance macroscopic deformation comparison their analogs generated statistical copolymers. Our results suggest that enhanced creep achieved by chain topology can be used tune viscoelastic properties. The arises microphase-separated structure new class materials differentiates counterparts introduces potential topology-control

Language: Английский

Citations

232

Fast processing of highly crosslinked, low-viscosity vitrimers DOI
Christian Taplan, Marc Guerre, Johan M. Winne

et al.

Materials Horizons, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 104 - 110

Published: Aug. 23, 2019

This study describes a rational approach to go beyond the current processability limits of vitrimer materials, with demonstration low-viscosity fast processing highly crosslinked permanent networks.

Language: Английский

Citations

213