Journal of Educational Computing Research,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
53(2), P. 183 - 204
Published: Aug. 14, 2015
Virtual
characters
have
become
ubiquitous
in
multimedia
applications,
appearing
numerous
contexts
such
as
video
games,
avatars
immersive
worlds,
or
tutors
learning
environments.
One
type
of
virtual
character
is
known
a
pedagogical
agent.
Pedagogical
agents
are
lifelike
present
environments
order
to
facilitate
learning.
been
researched
for
nearly
two
decades,
yet
the
effectiveness
including
an
agent
environment
remains
debatable.
The
purpose
this
study
was
critically
examine
persisting
issues
research
that
examines
use
nonagent
condition.
Our
analysis
literature
highlights
three
and
provides
promising
future
directions.
Computers & Education,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
188, P. 104564 - 104564
Published: May 31, 2022
Technological
advancements
have
improved
the
capabilities
of
pedagogical
agents
to
communicate
with
students.
However,
an
increased
use
in
learning
environments
calls
for
a
deeper
understanding
student–agent
communication
assess
effectiveness
learning.
This
study
is
two-phase
systematic
review
scientific
papers
on
agent
research
published
between
2010
and
2020,
including
original
papers.
In
first
phase,
this
analyses
literature
reviews
meta-analyses
find
status
gaps.
The
findings
indicate
that
agents'
characteristics
impact
been
reviewed,
but
its
relation
not.
second
empirical
studies
are
reviewed
classified
into
three
categories
describe
how
facilitates
students'
through
(1)
intrapersonal
processes,
(2)
interpersonal
students
agent,
(3)
by
facilitating
group.
show
can
enhance
motivation,
self-regulation,
self-efficacy,
metacognition.
At
level,
aim
scaffold
giving
feedback,
prompts,
hints
from
processes
results.
Pedagogical
also
support
group
discussions
directing
collaboration.
Despite
rapid
technological
advancements,
not
level
fluently
human-like,
which
likely
reduce
their
usability
concludes
needs
be
developed
toward
adaptive,
adequate,
relational,
logical
communication,
requires
multidisciplinary
theoretical
approach,
artificial
intelligence,
affective
computing,
psychometric
assessments.
Recommendations
future
addressing
gaps
identified
discussed.
Journal of Research on Technology in Education,
Journal Year:
2014,
Volume and Issue:
46(3), P. 229 - 251
Published: April 17, 2014
After
more
than
a
decade
of
pedagogical
agent
research,
this
review
synthesizes
the
affective
implications
learning
with
agents.
The
investigates
different
measures
within
99
outcome
measures.
results
suggest
that
learners
may
prefer
agents
compared
to
non-agent
control
conditions,
and
provide
motivational
benefits
for
some
populations
under
certain
conditions.
However,
it
is
unclear
whether
impose
extraneous
cognitive
load.
Overall,
consistent
research
around
outcomes
(Mayer,
Dow,
&
Mayer,
2003),
image
not
be
necessary
learner
receive
interaction.
We
delineate
limitations
current
study
future
directions.
Computers and Education Open,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
2, P. 100059 - 100059
Published: Nov. 12, 2021
In
recent
years
the
use
of
instructional
videos
with
on-screen
instructors
has
gained
global
popularity
in
college
classrooms
and
across
private
industries.
However,
it
is
not
clear
if
including
instructor
an
video
provides
any
benefit
to
learners,
research
area
been
synthesized.
We
conducted
a
systematic
review
examine
impact
on
learning
affect.
Twelve
studies
met
inclusion
criteria
were
analyzed.
Our
analysis
results
showed
no
consistent,
compelling
evidence
that
should
be
included
videos,
as
non-significant
mixed
pervasive
throughout
literature.
we
also
did
find
convincing
leave
out
video,
some
found
learners
more
satisfied
when
was
visually-present.
explore
these
depth,
highlight
need
for
area,
outline
potentially
productive
frameworks
lines
research.
Journal of Computer Assisted Learning,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
38(6), P. 1703 - 1713
Published: June 17, 2022
Abstract
Background
Video
lectures
which
include
the
instructor's
presence
are
becoming
increasingly
popular.
Presenting
a
real
human
does,
however,
entail
higher
financial
and
time
costs
in
making
videos,
one
innovative
approach
to
reduce
has
been
generate
virtual
speaking
instructor.
Objectives
The
current
study
examined
whether
use
of
instructor
video
would
facilitate
learning
as
well
instructor,
manipulating
characteristics
(i.e.,
voice
appearance)
might
optimize
effectiveness
Methods
Our
set
four
conditions.
In
control
condition,
students
watched
experiment
conditions,
(a)
used
an
AI
image,
(b)
spoke
with
image
made
speak
using
text‐to‐speech
lip
synthesis
techniques,
or
(c)
likable‐image
Results
Conclusions
likable
condition
had
significant
positive
effect
on
students'
performance
motivation,
without
decreasing
attention
paid
materials.
Implications
findings
suggest
that
instructional
designers
can
make
voices
images
humans
instructors
motivate
enhance
their
performance.
