Global plant responses to intensified fire regimes DOI
Roger Grau‐Andrés, Bruno Moreira, Juli G. Pausas

et al.

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(8)

Published: May 15, 2024

Abstract Aim Global change factors, such as warming, heatwaves, droughts and land‐use changes, are intensifying fire regimes (defined here increasing frequency or severity of fires) in many ecosystems worldwide. A large body local‐scale research has shown that intensified can greatly impact on ecosystem structure function through altering plant communities. Here, we aim to find general patterns responses across climates, habitats at the global scale. Location Worldwide. Time period Studies published 1962–2023. Major taxa studied Woody plants, herbs bryophytes. Methods We carried out a systematic review meta‐analysis response abundance, diversity fitness increased severity. To assess context dependency those responses, tested effect following variables: regime component (fire severity), time since last fire, type (wildfire prescribed fire), historical (surface crown life form (woody plant, herb bryophyte), habitat climate. Results Intensified reduced overall abundance (Hedges' d = −0.24), ( −0.27), −0.69). Generally, adverse effects plants were stronger due than frequency, wildfires compared fires, shorter times fire. Adverse also for woody herbs, conifer mixed forests open (e.g. grasslands shrublands). Main conclusions substantially alter communities Plant influenced by specific is changing biotic abiotic conditions.

Language: Английский

Fire effects on geomorphic processes DOI
Luke A. McGuire, Brian A. Ebel, Francis K. Rengers

et al.

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 486 - 503

Published: May 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Mapping forest canopy fuel parameters at European scale using spaceborne LiDAR and satellite data DOI Creative Commons
Elena Aragoneses, Mariano Garcı́a, Paloma Ruiz‐Benito

et al.

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 303, P. 114005 - 114005

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Spatially explicit data on forest canopy fuel parameters provide critical information for wildfire propagation modelling, emission estimations and risk assessment. LiDAR observations enable accurate retrieval of the vertical structure vegetation, which makes them an excellent alternative characterising structures. In most cases, parameterisation has been based Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) observations, are costly best suited local research. Spaceborne acquisitions overcome limited spatiotemporal coverage airborne systems, as they can cover much wider geographical areas. However, do not continuous data, requiring spatial interpolation methods to obtain wall-to-wall information. We developed a two-step, easily replicable methodology estimate entire European territory, from Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) sensor, onboard International Space Station (ISS). First, we simulated GEDI pseudo-waveforms discrete ALS about plots. then used metrics derived mean height (Hm), (CC) base (CBH), national inventory reference. The RH80 metric had strongest correlation with Hm all types (r = 0.96–0.97, Bias −0.16-0.30 m, RMSE 1.53–2.52 rRMSE 13.23–19.75%). A strong was also observed between ALS-CC GEDI-CC 0.94, −0.02, 0.09, 16.26%), whereas weaker correlations were obtained CBH 0.46, 0 0.89 39.80%). second stage generate maps continent Europe at resolution 1 km using GEDI-based estimates within-fuel polygons covered by footprints. available some (mainly Northern latitudes, above 51.6°N). these estimated random regression models multispectral SAR imagery biophysical variables. Errors higher than direct retrievals, but still within range previous results 0.72–0.82, −0.18-0.29 3.63–4.18 m 28.43–30.66% Hm; r 0.82–0.91, 0, 0.07–0.09 10.65–14.42% CC; 0.62–0.75, 0.01–0.02 0.60–0.74 19.16–22.93% CBH). Uncertainty provided grid level, purpose considered individual errors each step in methodology. final outputs, publicly (https://doi.org/10.21950/KTALA8), estimation three modelling crown fire potential demonstrate capacity improve characterisation models.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Climate Change, Landscape Fires, and Human Health: A Global Perspective DOI
Fay H. Johnston, Grant J. Williamson, Nicolás Borchers Arriagada

et al.

Annual Review of Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 295 - 314

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Landscape fires are an integral component of the Earth system and a feature prehistoric, subsistence, industrial economies. Specific spatiotemporal patterns landscape fire occur in different locations around world, shaped by interactions between environmental human drivers activity. Seven distinct types emerge from these interactions: remote area fires, wildfire disasters, savanna Indigenous burning, prescribed agricultural deforestation fires. All can have substantial impacts on health well-being directly indirectly through (a) exposure to heat flux (e.g., injuries destructive impacts), (b) emissions smoke-related (c) altered ecosystem functioning biodiversity, amenity, water quality, climate impacts). Minimizing adverse effects population requires understanding how influences be modified interventions targeted at individual, community, regional levels.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Shifting fire regimes cause continent-wide transformation of threatened species habitat DOI Creative Commons
Tim S. Doherty, Kristina J. Macdonald, Dale G. Nimmo

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(18)

Published: April 22, 2024

Human actions are causing widespread increases in fire size, frequency, and severity diverse ecosystems globally. This alteration of regimes is considered a threat to numerous animal species, but empirical evidence how shifting within both threatened species’ ranges protected areas scarce, particularly at large spatial temporal scales. We used big data approach quantify multidecadal changes southern Australia from 1980 2021, spanning 415 reserves (21.5 million ha) 129 including birds, mammals, reptiles, invertebrates, frogs. Most the region have experienced declines unburnt vegetation (≥30 y without fire), recently burnt (≤5 since frequency. The mean percentage declined 61 36% (1980 2021), whereas increased 20 35%, frequency by 32%, with latter two trends primarily driven record-breaking 2019 2020 season. strongest occurred for high-elevation high elevation, productivity, strong rainfall decline, southeast continent. Our results provide widely held poorly tested assumption that species experiencing habitat underscores imperative developing management strategies conserve fire-threatened an increasingly fiery future.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Global plant responses to intensified fire regimes DOI
Roger Grau‐Andrés, Bruno Moreira, Juli G. Pausas

et al.

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(8)

Published: May 15, 2024

Abstract Aim Global change factors, such as warming, heatwaves, droughts and land‐use changes, are intensifying fire regimes (defined here increasing frequency or severity of fires) in many ecosystems worldwide. A large body local‐scale research has shown that intensified can greatly impact on ecosystem structure function through altering plant communities. Here, we aim to find general patterns responses across climates, habitats at the global scale. Location Worldwide. Time period Studies published 1962–2023. Major taxa studied Woody plants, herbs bryophytes. Methods We carried out a systematic review meta‐analysis response abundance, diversity fitness increased severity. To assess context dependency those responses, tested effect following variables: regime component (fire severity), time since last fire, type (wildfire prescribed fire), historical (surface crown life form (woody plant, herb bryophyte), habitat climate. Results Intensified reduced overall abundance (Hedges' d = −0.24), ( −0.27), −0.69). Generally, adverse effects plants were stronger due than frequency, wildfires compared fires, shorter times fire. Adverse also for woody herbs, conifer mixed forests open (e.g. grasslands shrublands). Main conclusions substantially alter communities Plant influenced by specific is changing biotic abiotic conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

19