Evaluating the consistency between OCO-2 and OCO-3 XCO₂ estimates derived from the NASA ACOS version 10 retrieval algorithm

Atmospheric measurement techniques, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 3173 - 3209

Published: June 27, 2023

Abstract. The version 10 (v10) Atmospheric Carbon Observations from Space (ACOS) Level 2 full-physics (L2FP) retrieval algorithm has been applied to multiyear records of observations NASA's Orbiting Observatory and 3 sensors (OCO-2 OCO-3, respectively) provide estimates the carbon dioxide (CO2) column-averaged dry-air mole fraction (XCO2). In this study, a number improvements ACOS v10 L2FP are described. post-processing quality filtering bias correction XCO2 against multiple truth proxies also discussed. OCO data volumes two for time period August 2019 through February 2022 compared, highlighting differences in spatiotemporal sampling but demonstrating broad agreement between where they overlap space. A evaluation sources both suggest broadly similar error characteristics. Mean OCO-3 relative collocated OCO-2 approximately 0.2 −0.3 ppm land ocean observations, respectively. Comparison Total Column Observing Network (TCCON) measurements shows root mean squared errors (RMSEs) 0.8 0.9 An fields derived atmospheric inversion systems that assimilated only near-surface CO2 i.e., did not assimilate satellite measurements, yielded RMSEs 1.0 1.1 Evaluation uncertainties over small areas, as well biases across land–ocean crossings, indicates behavior characteristics sensors. Taken together, these results demonstrate consistency suggesting may be used together scientific analyses.

Language: Английский

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Carbon emissions from the 2023 Canadian wildfires

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 633(8031), P. 835 - 839

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Abstract The 2023 Canadian forest fires have been extreme in scale and intensity with more than seven times the average annual area burned compared to previous four decades 1 . Here, we quantify carbon emissions from these May September on basis of inverse modelling satellite monoxide observations. We find that magnitude is 647 TgC (570–727 TgC), comparable fossil fuel large nations, only India, China USA releasing per year 2 widespread hot–dry weather was a principal driver fire spread, being warmest driest since at least 1980 3 Although temperatures were relative historical record, climate projections indicate are likely be typical during 2050s, even under moderate mitigation scenario (shared socioeconomic pathway, SSP 2–4.5) 4 Such conditions drive increased activity suppress uptake by forests, adding concerns about long-term durability forests as sink 5–8

Language: Английский

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Declined terrestrial ecosystem resilience

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Terrestrial ecosystem resilience is crucial for maintaining the structural and functional stability of ecosystems following disturbances. However, changes in over past few decades risk future loss under ongoing climate change are unclear. Here, we identified trends using two remotely sensed vegetation indices, analyzed relative importance potential driving factors to changes, finally assessed based on output data eight models from CMIP6. The results revealed that more than 60% experienced a conversion an increased trend declined resilience. Attribution analysis showed most important varied regionally. were associated with precipitation variability tropics, decreased cover arid region, temperature temperate regions, average cold regions. CMIP6 reveals terrestrial SPP585 expected experience intense declines those SSP126 SSP245, particularly These highlight continued degradation urgency mitigation actions.

Language: Английский

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Large loss and rapid recovery of vegetation cover and aboveground biomass over forest areas in Australia during 2019–2020

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 278, P. 113087 - 113087

Published: May 25, 2022

Language: Английский

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A 10-year global monthly averaged terrestrial net ecosystem exchange dataset inferred from the ACOS GOSAT v9 XCO₂ retrievals (GCAS2021)

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 3013 - 3037

Published: July 6, 2022

Abstract. A global gridded net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 dataset is vital in and regional carbon cycle studies. Top-down atmospheric inversion one the major methods to estimate NEE; however, existing NEE datasets generated through from conventional observations have large uncertainties places where observational data are sparse. Here, by assimilating GOSAT ACOS v9 XCO2 product, we generate a 10-year (2010–2019) monthly terrestrial using Global Carbon Assimilation System, version 2 (GCASv2), which named GCAS2021. It includes (1∘×1∘), globally, latitudinally, regionally aggregated prior posterior ocean (OCN) fluxes prescribed wildfire (FIRE) fossil fuel cement (FFC) emissions. Globally, decadal mean -3.73±0.52 PgC yr−1, with an interannual amplitude 2.73 yr−1. Combining OCN flux FIRE FFC emissions, biosphere (NBE) growth rate (AGR) as well their inter-annual variabilities (IAVs) agree estimates Budget 2020. Regionally, our shows that eastern North America, Amazon, Congo Basin, Europe, boreal forests, southern China, Southeast Asia sinks, while western United States, African grasslands, Brazilian plateaus, parts South sources. In TRANSCOM land regions, NBEs temperate N. northern Africa, between CMS-Flux NBE 2020 CT2019B, those Asia, consistent but significantly different CT2019B. RECCAP2 except for Africa comparable latest bottom-up Ciais et al. (2021). Compared previous studies, IAVs seasonal cycles this could clearly reflect impacts extreme climates large-scale climate anomalies on flux. The evaluations also show concentrations at remote sites scale, vertical profiles Asia-Pacific region, all independent measurements surface flask aircraft observations, indicating captures well. We believe can contribute regional- or national-scale neutrality assessment dynamics research. be accessed https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5829774 (Jiang, 2022).

Language: Английский

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Key challenges for tropospheric chemistry in the Southern Hemisphere

Elementa Science of the Anthropocene, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

This commentary paper from the recently formed International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) Southern Hemisphere Working Group outlines key issues in atmospheric composition research that particularly impact Hemisphere. In this article, we present a broad overview of many challenges for understanding chemistry Hemisphere, before focusing on most significant factors differentiate it Northern We sections importance biogenic emissions and fires showing these often dominate over anthropogenic regions. then describe how other influence air quality different parts Finally, role Ocean influencing conclude with description aims scope newly IGAC Group.

Language: Английский

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Global greenhouse gas reconciliation 2022

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 1121 - 1152

Published: March 18, 2025

Abstract. In this study, we provide an update on the methodology and data used by Deng et al. (2022) to compare national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGIs) atmospheric inversion model ensembles contributed international research teams coordinated Global Carbon Project. The comparison framework uses transparent processing of net ecosystem exchange fluxes carbon dioxide (CO2) from inversions estimates terrestrial stock changes over managed land that can be evaluate NGHGIs. For methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), separate anthropogenic emissions natural sources based directly results make them compatible with Our global harmonized NGHGI database was updated inventory until February 2023 compiling periodical United Nations Framework Convention Climate Change (UNFCCC) Annex I countries sporadic less detailed reports non-Annex given communications biennial reports. data, ensemble 22 produced for most recent assessments budgets CO2, CH4, N2O Project ancillary data. CO2 in study goes through 2021, building our previous report 1990 2019, includes three new satellite compared improved managed-land mask. As a result, although significant differences exist between estimates, both situ lands indicate Russia Canada had larger sink years than reported their NGHGIs, while NGHGIs upward trend but downward Canada. CH4 N2O, are extended 2020. Rapid increases were observed developing countries, varying levels agreement results, developed showed slowly declining or stable emissions. Much denser sampling concentrations different satellites, into constellation, is expected coming years. proposed here applied regularly monitoring effectiveness mitigation policy progress meet objectives pledges. dataset constructed publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13887128 (Deng al., 2024).

Language: Английский

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A global surface CO₂ flux dataset (2015–2022) inferred from OCO-2 retrievals using the GONGGA inversion system

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 2857 - 2876

Published: June 19, 2024

Abstract. Accurate assessment of the size and distribution carbon dioxide (CO2) sources sinks is important for efforts to understand cycle support policy decisions regarding climate mitigation actions. Satellite retrievals column-averaged dry-air mole fractions CO2 (XCO2) have been widely used infer spatial temporal variations in fluxes through atmospheric inversion techniques. In this study, we present a global spatially resolved terrestrial ocean flux dataset 2015–2022. The was generated by Global ObservatioN-based system monitoring Greenhouse GAses (GONGGA) assimilation Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) XCO2 retrievals. We describe budget, interannual variability, seasonal scale set TransCom regions. 8-year mean net biosphere exchange were −2.22 ± 0.75 −2.32 0.18 Pg C yr−1, absorbing approximately 23 % 24 contemporary fossil fuel emissions, respectively. annual growth rate 5.17 0.68 which consistent with National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) measurement (5.24 0.59 yr−1). Europe has largest sink among 11 land regions, followed Boreal Asia Temperate Asia. evaluated comparing posterior simulations Total Column Observing Network (TCCON) as well Observation Package (ObsPack) surface flask observations aircraft observations. Compared using unoptimized fluxes, bias root square error (RMSE) largely reduced across full range locations, confirming that GONGGA improves estimates assimilating OCO-2 data. This will improve broader understanding dynamics their response change. can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8368846 (Jin et al., 2023a).

Language: Английский

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A warming climate will make Australian soil a net emitter of atmospheric CO2

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Understanding the change in soil organic carbon (C) stock a warmer climate and effect of current land management on that is critical for environmental conservation policy. By simulation modeling, we predicted changes Australia’s C from 2010 to 2100. These vary losses 0.014–0.077 t ha −1 year between 2020 2045 0.013–0.047 2070 2100, under increasing emissions greenhouse gases temperature. Thus, Australian will be net emitter CO 2 . Depending future socio-economic conditions, predict croplands accrue as much 0.19 due their management, but accrual decrease with warming increased by 2070–2100. The gains too small counteract larger areas rangelands coastal regions are more sensitive climate. In principle, prudent rangelands, example, improving grazing regenerating biodiverse, endemic native plant communities, could sequester mitigate loss; practice, it may difficult, requiring innovation, interdisciplinary science, cultural awareness effective policies.

Language: Английский

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Soil moisture dominates the severe decline in gross primary productivity during a 2023–2024 compound heatwave-drought event over the Amazon

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 034024 - 034024

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Abstract The Amazon, the world’s largest tropical forest, plays a critical role in global carbon cycle. It has large pool and acts as major sink. However, 2023–2024, compound heatwave-drought (CHWD) event (HD2023) hit Amazon region, resulting extreme temperatures soil moisture deficits, threatening region’s sink capacity. Using advanced multisource satellite data meteorological reanalysis, we quantified impact of various climatic factors on vegetation productivity during HD2023 analyzed its progression. Our findings showed that led to 530 Tg C decline gross primary (GPP) 0.003 reduction near-infrared reflectance vegetation. strongest phase spanned 5 months, causing persistently high reduced precipitation, leading continuous marked GPP. most severe decrease GPP occurred January 2024. originated northwest gradually spread southeast. Soil was dominant factor photosynthesis across types, whereas solar radiation mitigated drought evergreen broad forests savannas. Moreover, sensitivity CHWD varied ranking grassland > savanna forest. This study assessed regional flux Amazon. As climate projections indicate future increases extremes over it is important identify drivers this cycle

Language: Английский

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