International Journal of Wildland Fire,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
34(1)
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Background
Air
quality
modelling
of
smoke
from
wildfires
requires
knowledge
emission
factors
and
how
these
vary.
Aims
Experimental
fires
were
used
to
test
the
variation
with
fuel
load
improve
a
forecasting
model.
Methods
Gas
particle-phase
chemical
composition
plumes
laboratory-scale
was
measured
different
loads
at
stages
fire
progression.
Key
results
Different
fine
woody
debris
had
no
significant
effect
on
factors.
In
contrast,
produced
differences
in
The
lowest
for
most
species
(except
carbon
dioxide)
observed
during
flaming
front,
which
accounted
half
total
emissions.
Importantly,
we
found
that
ratios
relative
monoxide
consistent
across
throughout
fire’s
Conclusions
By
modified
combustion
efficiency,
it
is
possible
simultaneously
model
emissions
nearly
all
other
pollutants
progression
fire.
Implications
monoxide,
particulate
matter
key
scale
intensity
fire,
simplifying
task
emitted
downwind
prescribed
fires.
Atmospheric measurement techniques,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(12), P. 3173 - 3209
Published: June 27, 2023
Abstract.
The
version
10
(v10)
Atmospheric
Carbon
Observations
from
Space
(ACOS)
Level
2
full-physics
(L2FP)
retrieval
algorithm
has
been
applied
to
multiyear
records
of
observations
NASA's
Orbiting
Observatory
and
3
sensors
(OCO-2
OCO-3,
respectively)
provide
estimates
the
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
column-averaged
dry-air
mole
fraction
(XCO2).
In
this
study,
a
number
improvements
ACOS
v10
L2FP
are
described.
post-processing
quality
filtering
bias
correction
XCO2
against
multiple
truth
proxies
also
discussed.
OCO
data
volumes
two
for
time
period
August
2019
through
February
2022
compared,
highlighting
differences
in
spatiotemporal
sampling
but
demonstrating
broad
agreement
between
where
they
overlap
space.
A
evaluation
sources
both
suggest
broadly
similar
error
characteristics.
Mean
OCO-3
relative
collocated
OCO-2
approximately
0.2
−0.3
ppm
land
ocean
observations,
respectively.
Comparison
Total
Column
Observing
Network
(TCCON)
measurements
shows
root
mean
squared
errors
(RMSEs)
0.8
0.9
An
fields
derived
atmospheric
inversion
systems
that
assimilated
only
near-surface
CO2
i.e.,
did
not
assimilate
satellite
measurements,
yielded
RMSEs
1.0
1.1
Evaluation
uncertainties
over
small
areas,
as
well
biases
across
land–ocean
crossings,
indicates
behavior
characteristics
sensors.
Taken
together,
these
results
demonstrate
consistency
suggesting
may
be
used
together
scientific
analyses.
Nature,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
633(8031), P. 835 - 839
Published: Aug. 28, 2024
Abstract
The
2023
Canadian
forest
fires
have
been
extreme
in
scale
and
intensity
with
more
than
seven
times
the
average
annual
area
burned
compared
to
previous
four
decades
1
.
Here,
we
quantify
carbon
emissions
from
these
May
September
on
basis
of
inverse
modelling
satellite
monoxide
observations.
We
find
that
magnitude
is
647
TgC
(570–727
TgC),
comparable
fossil
fuel
large
nations,
only
India,
China
USA
releasing
per
year
2
widespread
hot–dry
weather
was
a
principal
driver
fire
spread,
being
warmest
driest
since
at
least
1980
3
Although
temperatures
were
relative
historical
record,
climate
projections
indicate
are
likely
be
typical
during
2050s,
even
under
moderate
mitigation
scenario
(shared
socioeconomic
pathway,
SSP
2–4.5)
4
Such
conditions
drive
increased
activity
suppress
uptake
by
forests,
adding
concerns
about
long-term
durability
forests
as
sink
5–8
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(4)
Published: April 1, 2024
Abstract
Terrestrial
ecosystem
resilience
is
crucial
for
maintaining
the
structural
and
functional
stability
of
ecosystems
following
disturbances.
However,
changes
in
over
past
few
decades
risk
future
loss
under
ongoing
climate
change
are
unclear.
Here,
we
identified
trends
using
two
remotely
sensed
vegetation
indices,
analyzed
relative
importance
potential
driving
factors
to
changes,
finally
assessed
based
on
output
data
eight
models
from
CMIP6.
The
results
revealed
that
more
than
60%
experienced
a
conversion
an
increased
trend
declined
resilience.
Attribution
analysis
showed
most
important
varied
regionally.
were
associated
with
precipitation
variability
tropics,
decreased
cover
arid
region,
temperature
temperate
regions,
average
cold
regions.
CMIP6
reveals
terrestrial
SPP585
expected
experience
intense
declines
those
SSP126
SSP245,
particularly
These
highlight
continued
degradation
urgency
mitigation
actions.
Earth system science data,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(7), P. 3013 - 3037
Published: July 6, 2022
Abstract.
A
global
gridded
net
ecosystem
exchange
(NEE)
of
CO2
dataset
is
vital
in
and
regional
carbon
cycle
studies.
Top-down
atmospheric
inversion
one
the
major
methods
to
estimate
NEE;
however,
existing
NEE
datasets
generated
through
from
conventional
observations
have
large
uncertainties
places
where
observational
data
are
sparse.
Here,
by
assimilating
GOSAT
ACOS
v9
XCO2
product,
we
generate
a
10-year
(2010–2019)
monthly
terrestrial
using
Global
Carbon
Assimilation
System,
version
2
(GCASv2),
which
named
GCAS2021.
It
includes
(1∘×1∘),
globally,
latitudinally,
regionally
aggregated
prior
posterior
ocean
(OCN)
fluxes
prescribed
wildfire
(FIRE)
fossil
fuel
cement
(FFC)
emissions.
Globally,
decadal
mean
-3.73±0.52
PgC
yr−1,
with
an
interannual
amplitude
2.73
yr−1.
Combining
OCN
flux
FIRE
FFC
emissions,
biosphere
(NBE)
growth
rate
(AGR)
as
well
their
inter-annual
variabilities
(IAVs)
agree
estimates
Budget
2020.
Regionally,
our
shows
that
eastern
North
America,
Amazon,
Congo
Basin,
Europe,
boreal
forests,
southern
China,
Southeast
Asia
sinks,
while
western
United
States,
African
grasslands,
Brazilian
plateaus,
parts
South
sources.
In
TRANSCOM
land
regions,
NBEs
temperate
N.
northern
Africa,
between
CMS-Flux
NBE
2020
CT2019B,
those
Asia,
consistent
but
significantly
different
CT2019B.
RECCAP2
except
for
Africa
comparable
latest
bottom-up
Ciais
et
al.
(2021).
Compared
previous
studies,
IAVs
seasonal
cycles
this
could
clearly
reflect
impacts
extreme
climates
large-scale
climate
anomalies
on
flux.
The
evaluations
also
show
concentrations
at
remote
sites
scale,
vertical
profiles
Asia-Pacific
region,
all
independent
measurements
surface
flask
aircraft
observations,
indicating
captures
well.
We
believe
can
contribute
regional-
or
national-scale
neutrality
assessment
dynamics
research.
be
accessed
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5829774
(Jiang,
2022).
Elementa Science of the Anthropocene,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
This
commentary
paper
from
the
recently
formed
International
Global
Atmospheric
Chemistry
(IGAC)
Southern
Hemisphere
Working
Group
outlines
key
issues
in
atmospheric
composition
research
that
particularly
impact
Hemisphere.
In
this
article,
we
present
a
broad
overview
of
many
challenges
for
understanding
chemistry
Hemisphere,
before
focusing
on
most
significant
factors
differentiate
it
Northern
We
sections
importance
biogenic
emissions
and
fires
showing
these
often
dominate
over
anthropogenic
regions.
then
describe
how
other
influence
air
quality
different
parts
Finally,
role
Ocean
influencing
conclude
with
description
aims
scope
newly
IGAC
Group.
Earth system science data,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(3), P. 1121 - 1152
Published: March 18, 2025
Abstract.
In
this
study,
we
provide
an
update
on
the
methodology
and
data
used
by
Deng
et
al.
(2022)
to
compare
national
greenhouse
gas
inventories
(NGHGIs)
atmospheric
inversion
model
ensembles
contributed
international
research
teams
coordinated
Global
Carbon
Project.
The
comparison
framework
uses
transparent
processing
of
net
ecosystem
exchange
fluxes
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
from
inversions
estimates
terrestrial
stock
changes
over
managed
land
that
can
be
evaluate
NGHGIs.
For
methane
(CH4),
nitrous
oxide
(N2O),
separate
anthropogenic
emissions
natural
sources
based
directly
results
make
them
compatible
with
Our
global
harmonized
NGHGI
database
was
updated
inventory
until
February
2023
compiling
periodical
United
Nations
Framework
Convention
Climate
Change
(UNFCCC)
Annex
I
countries
sporadic
less
detailed
reports
non-Annex
given
communications
biennial
reports.
data,
ensemble
22
produced
for
most
recent
assessments
budgets
CO2,
CH4,
N2O
Project
ancillary
data.
CO2
in
study
goes
through
2021,
building
our
previous
report
1990
2019,
includes
three
new
satellite
compared
improved
managed-land
mask.
As
a
result,
although
significant
differences
exist
between
estimates,
both
situ
lands
indicate
Russia
Canada
had
larger
sink
years
than
reported
their
NGHGIs,
while
NGHGIs
upward
trend
but
downward
Canada.
CH4
N2O,
are
extended
2020.
Rapid
increases
were
observed
developing
countries,
varying
levels
agreement
results,
developed
showed
slowly
declining
or
stable
emissions.
Much
denser
sampling
concentrations
different
satellites,
into
constellation,
is
expected
coming
years.
proposed
here
applied
regularly
monitoring
effectiveness
mitigation
policy
progress
meet
objectives
pledges.
dataset
constructed
publicly
available
at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13887128
(Deng
al.,
2024).
Earth system science data,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(6), P. 2857 - 2876
Published: June 19, 2024
Abstract.
Accurate
assessment
of
the
size
and
distribution
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
sources
sinks
is
important
for
efforts
to
understand
cycle
support
policy
decisions
regarding
climate
mitigation
actions.
Satellite
retrievals
column-averaged
dry-air
mole
fractions
CO2
(XCO2)
have
been
widely
used
infer
spatial
temporal
variations
in
fluxes
through
atmospheric
inversion
techniques.
In
this
study,
we
present
a
global
spatially
resolved
terrestrial
ocean
flux
dataset
2015–2022.
The
was
generated
by
Global
ObservatioN-based
system
monitoring
Greenhouse
GAses
(GONGGA)
assimilation
Orbiting
Carbon
Observatory-2
(OCO-2)
XCO2
retrievals.
We
describe
budget,
interannual
variability,
seasonal
scale
set
TransCom
regions.
8-year
mean
net
biosphere
exchange
were
−2.22
±
0.75
−2.32
0.18
Pg
C
yr−1,
absorbing
approximately
23
%
24
contemporary
fossil
fuel
emissions,
respectively.
annual
growth
rate
5.17
0.68
which
consistent
with
National
Oceanic
Atmospheric
Administration
(NOAA)
measurement
(5.24
0.59
yr−1).
Europe
has
largest
sink
among
11
land
regions,
followed
Boreal
Asia
Temperate
Asia.
evaluated
comparing
posterior
simulations
Total
Column
Observing
Network
(TCCON)
as
well
Observation
Package
(ObsPack)
surface
flask
observations
aircraft
observations.
Compared
using
unoptimized
fluxes,
bias
root
square
error
(RMSE)
largely
reduced
across
full
range
locations,
confirming
that
GONGGA
improves
estimates
assimilating
OCO-2
data.
This
will
improve
broader
understanding
dynamics
their
response
change.
can
be
accessed
at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8368846
(Jin
et
al.,
2023a).
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: March 26, 2024
Abstract
Understanding
the
change
in
soil
organic
carbon
(C)
stock
a
warmer
climate
and
effect
of
current
land
management
on
that
is
critical
for
environmental
conservation
policy.
By
simulation
modeling,
we
predicted
changes
Australia’s
C
from
2010
to
2100.
These
vary
losses
0.014–0.077
t
ha
−1
year
between
2020
2045
0.013–0.047
2070
2100,
under
increasing
emissions
greenhouse
gases
temperature.
Thus,
Australian
will
be
net
emitter
CO
2
.
Depending
future
socio-economic
conditions,
predict
croplands
accrue
as
much
0.19
due
their
management,
but
accrual
decrease
with
warming
increased
by
2070–2100.
The
gains
too
small
counteract
larger
areas
rangelands
coastal
regions
are
more
sensitive
climate.
In
principle,
prudent
rangelands,
example,
improving
grazing
regenerating
biodiverse,
endemic
native
plant
communities,
could
sequester
mitigate
loss;
practice,
it
may
difficult,
requiring
innovation,
interdisciplinary
science,
cultural
awareness
effective
policies.
Environmental Research Letters,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
20(3), P. 034024 - 034024
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
Abstract
The
Amazon,
the
world’s
largest
tropical
forest,
plays
a
critical
role
in
global
carbon
cycle.
It
has
large
pool
and
acts
as
major
sink.
However,
2023–2024,
compound
heatwave-drought
(CHWD)
event
(HD2023)
hit
Amazon
region,
resulting
extreme
temperatures
soil
moisture
deficits,
threatening
region’s
sink
capacity.
Using
advanced
multisource
satellite
data
meteorological
reanalysis,
we
quantified
impact
of
various
climatic
factors
on
vegetation
productivity
during
HD2023
analyzed
its
progression.
Our
findings
showed
that
led
to
530
Tg
C
decline
gross
primary
(GPP)
0.003
reduction
near-infrared
reflectance
vegetation.
strongest
phase
spanned
5
months,
causing
persistently
high
reduced
precipitation,
leading
continuous
marked
GPP.
most
severe
decrease
GPP
occurred
January
2024.
originated
northwest
gradually
spread
southeast.
Soil
was
dominant
factor
photosynthesis
across
types,
whereas
solar
radiation
mitigated
drought
evergreen
broad
forests
savannas.
Moreover,
sensitivity
CHWD
varied
ranking
grassland
>
savanna
forest.
This
study
assessed
regional
flux
Amazon.
As
climate
projections
indicate
future
increases
extremes
over
it
is
important
identify
drivers
this
cycle