It's Time for Focused In Situ Studies of Planetary Surface-Atmosphere Interactions DOI
S. Diniega,

Nathan Barba,

Louis Giersch

et al.

2022 IEEE Aerospace Conference (AERO), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 19

Published: March 5, 2022

A critical gap in planetary observations has been situ characterization of extra-terrestrial, present-day atmospheric and surface environments activity. While some activity observed meteorological measurements have collected by auxiliary instruments on Mars, existing information is insufficient to conclusively characterize the natural processes via concurrent high-resolution measurement environmental drivers Thus, many atmospheric, aeolian, other models - which are used generate key constraints science exploration areas investigation-such as exposure/erosion estimates, landscape interpretation, modeling dust storm development-remain untested under non-Earth conditions. Analogous terrestrial often studied intensively numerical that integrates empirical results from laboratory and/or field studies process-response interactions between atmosphere relevant landforms. Incorporation such into model development significantly advanced our understanding atmosphere-surface related geomorphic Earth, poised do so planets. However, date, testing refinement not possible environments, partially because investigations this sort require new technologies, mission architectures, operations designs (e.g., different large rovers focused geochemical investigations) fully address gaps while keeping cost risk low. Fortunately, technological developments access, instrumentation, onboard processing/memory now enable small spacecraft accommodate aeolian instrumentation could collect needed fill remaining within typical resource budgets. Furthermore, maturity broader geologic context Mars provides a ready framework for ingestion discrete ground truth multi-scale martian systems processes. These advancements make addressing questions with novel concepts feasible, promising would advance extraterrestrial surface-atmosphere interactions. This summary follows community-generated white paper ongoing Planetary Science/Astrobiology Decadal Survey, concept at JPL, numerous JPL community discussions.

Language: Английский

Evidence for transient morning water frost deposits on the Tharsis volcanoes of Mars DOI Creative Commons
A. Valantinas, N. Thomas, A. Pommerol

et al.

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 608 - 616

Published: June 10, 2024

Abstract The present-day water cycle on Mars has implications for habitability and future human exploration. Water ice clouds vapour have been detected above the Tharsis volcanic province, suggesting active exchange of between regolith atmosphere. Here we report observational evidence extensive transient morning frost deposits calderas volcanoes (Olympus, Arsia Ascraeus Montes, Ceraunius Tholus) using high-resolution colour images from Colour Stereo Surface Imaging System board European Space Agency’s Trace Gas Orbiter. bluish appear caldera floor rim in during colder Martian seasons but are not present by afternoon. presence is supported spectral observations, as well independent imagery Express orbiter. Climate model simulations further suggest that early-morning surface temperatures at high altitudes volcano sufficiently low to support daily condensation water—but CO 2 —frost. Given unlikely seasonal nature outgassing, observed atmospheric origin, implying role microclimate local formation a contribution broader cycle.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Revealing Active Mars with HiRISE Digital Terrain Models DOI Creative Commons
Sarah Sutton, M. Chojnacki, A. S. McEwen

et al.

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2403 - 2403

Published: May 17, 2022

Many discoveries of active surface processes on Mars have been made due to the availability repeat high-resolution images from High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) onboard Reconnaissance Orbiter. HiRISE stereo are used make digital terrain models (DTMs) and orthorectified (orthoimages). DTMs orthoimage time series crucial for advancing study such as recurring slope lineae, dune migration, gully activity, polar processes. We describe process making DTMs, series, DTM mosaics, difference specifically using ISIS/SOCET Set workflow. produced at a 1 2 m ground sample distance, with corresponding estimated vertical precision tens cm ∼1 m, respectively. To date, more than 6000 pairs acquired by and, these, 800 2700 orthoimages available public via Planetary Data System. The intended audiences this paper producers, well users, orthoimages. discuss factors that determine effective resolution, quality, precision, accuracy provide examples their use in analyses Mars.

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Active Mars: A Dynamic World DOI Creative Commons
C. M. Dundas, P. Becerra, Shane Byrne

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Planets, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 126(8)

Published: July 3, 2021

Abstract Mars exhibits diverse surface changes at all latitudes and seasons. Active processes include impact cratering, aeolian sand dust transport, a variety of slope processes, in polar ices, effects seasonal CO 2 frost. The extent change has been surprising indicates that the present climate is capable reshaping surface. Activity important implications for Amazonian history Mars: understanding necessary step before we can understand their variations over time.

Language: Английский

Citations

30
The high-resolution imaging science experiment (HiRISE) in the MRO extended science phases (2009–2023) DOI Creative Commons
A. S. McEwen, Shane Byrne, C. J. Hansen

et al.

Icarus, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 419, P. 115795 - 115795

Published: Sept. 16, 2023

The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has been orbiting since 2006 and acquired >80,000 HiRISE images with sub-meter resolution, contributing to over 2000 peer-reviewed publications, provided the data needed enable safe surface landings in key locations by several rovers or landers. This paper describes changes science planning, processing, analysis tools initial Primary Science Phase 2006–2008. These affect used requested community how they should interpret data. There have a variety of complications dataset years, such as gaps monitoring due spacecraft instrument issues special events like arrival new landers on global dust storms. optics performed well except for period when temperature uniformity was perturbed, reducing resolution some images. focal plane system now 12 rather than 14 operational detectors. first failure (2011) unit at edge swath width, image width 10% creating gap. recent (2023) middle swath. An unusual problem analog-to-digital conversion signal (resulting erroneous data) worsened time; mitigation steps so far preserved full-resolution imaging all functional Soon, will be narrowed subset detectors there more 2 × binned We describe lessons received future very high-resolution orbital imaging. continue invite interested people suggest targets via HiWish, explore easy-to-use publicly available

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Mass wasting reveals ongoing asymmetric retreat of the martian north polar ice cap DOI Creative Commons
Shu Su, Lida Fanara, Haifeng Xiao

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Meteorological Changes Across Curiosity Rover’s Traverse Using REMS Measurements and Comparisons with Measurements and MRAMS Model Results DOI Creative Commons

María Ruíz,

Eduardo Sebastián, J. A. Rodríguez‐Manfredi

et al.

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 368 - 368

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

The Curiosity rover, from NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), has climbed nearly 740 m its landing location at −4500.971 in Gale Crater to a reached on sol 3967 the slopes of Mt. Sharp −3765.27 m. We examine atmospheric pressure, surface and temperatures, relative humidity, water vapor volume mixing ratios measurements made by Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS), taken along trajectory traveled over sols spanning late MY31 mid-MY37, an interannual scale. results help us understand Martian meteorology inside Crater. pressure temperature changes caused elevation variation rover show impact altitude change dynamics. Regarding rover’s locations for MY32 MY36, detailed comparative analysis full diurnal cycle is performed solstices equinoxes. These scenarios are examined using REMS Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (MRAMS) data. compare MRAMS data evaluate their concordance. present, first time, hypothesis existence cold pool phenomenon, which also occurs Earth, based

Language: Английский

Citations

0
New observations of topographic slumps in Valles Marineris, Mars: Investigating the role of recurring slope lineae DOI

Amelia Ascione,

L. Ojha, M. Chojnacki

et al.

Icarus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 116503 - 116503

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Wind and Turbulence Observations With the Mars Microphone on Perseverance DOI Creative Commons
Alexander Stott, Naomi Murdoch, Martin Gillier

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Planets, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128(5)

Published: May 1, 2023

Abstract We utilize SuperCam's Mars microphone to provide information on wind speed and turbulence at high frequencies Mars. To do so, we first demonstrate the sensitivity of signal level speed, yielding a power law dependence. then show relationship between pressure, air ground temperatures. A calibration function is constructed using Gaussian process regression (a machine learning technique) taking temperature as inputs produce an estimate speed. This provides rate Mars, with sample every 0.01 s. As result, determine fast fluctuations Jezero crater which highlights nature gusts over Martian day. analyze turbulent behavior this estimate, calculate its normalized standard deviation, known gustiness. characterize frequency intensity crater, correlations are shown evaluated gustiness statistic pressure drop rates/sizes, energy fluxes. has implications for future atmospheric models into account finest scales.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Comets, sliding of surface dust II DOI Creative Commons
Konrad J. Kossacki, Marcin Wesołowski, Grzegorz Skóra

et al.

Icarus, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 379, P. 114946 - 114946

Published: Feb. 23, 2022

In this paper we presented the results of laboratory experiments dealing with sliding desiccated sand on inclined surfaces cometary analogs. The were performed in a vacuum, using porous mixtures water ice and quartz sand. inclination angle samples was about 10 degrees lower than repose angle. possible when mobility coefficient defined as ratio forces unity i.e. layer whole not fluidized. observed effect due to rolling, or grains present surface. It is important, that process can be caused by sublimation underlying despite its relatively low volatility.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Detection of Detached Ice-fragments at Martian Polar Scarps Using a Convolutional Neural Network DOI Creative Commons
Shu Su, Lida Fanara, Haifeng Xiao

et al.

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16, P. 1728 - 1739

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Repeated high-resolution imaging has revealed current mass wasting in the form of ice block falls at steep scarps Mars. However, both accuracy and efficiency ice-fragments' detection are limited when using conventional computer vision methods. Existing deep learning methods suffer from problem shadow interference indistinguishability between classes. To address these issues, we proposed a learning-driven change model that focuses on regions interest. A convolutional neural network simultaneously analyzed bitemporal images, i.e., pre- postdetach images. An augmented attention module was integrated order to suppress irrelevant such as shadows while highlighting detached ice-fragments. combination dice loss focal introduced deal with issue imbalanced classes hard, misclassified samples. Our method showed true positive rate 84.2% false discovery 16.9%. Regarding shape detections, pixel-based evaluation balanced 85% an F1 score 73.2% for This last reflected difficulty delineating exact boundaries some events by human machine. Compared five state-of-the-art methods, our can achieve higher surpass other excluding changed shadows. Assessing detections ice-fragments help previously detected corresponding changes demonstrated capability robustness model. Furthermore, good performance quick processing speed developed allow us efficiently study large-scale areas, which is important step estimating ongoing studying evolution martian polar scarps.

Language: Английский

Citations

6