NASA GEOS Composition Forecast Modeling System GEOS‐CF v1.0: Stratospheric Composition

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(6)

Published: April 19, 2022

The NASA Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) Composition Forecast (GEOS-CF) provides recent estimates and 5-day forecasts of atmospheric composition to the public in near-real time. To do this, GEOS system model is coupled with GEOS-Chem tropospheric-stratospheric unified chemistry extension (UCX) represent from surface top atmosphere (0.01 hPa). GEOS-CF described, including updates made UCX mechanism within for improved representation stratospheric chemistry. Comparisons are against balloon, lidar, satellite observations composition, measurements ozone (O

Language: Английский

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Higher‐Resolution Tropopause Folding Accounts for More Stratospheric Ozone Intrusions

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(8)

Published: April 23, 2023

Abstract Ozone in the troposphere is a pollutant and greenhouse gas, it crucial to better understand its transport from ozone‐rich stratosphere. Tropopause folding, wherein stratospheric air intrudes downward into troposphere, enables stratosphere‐to‐troposphere ozone (STT). However, systematic analysis of relationship between folding tropospheric ozone, using data that can both capture folding's spatial scales accurately represent chemistry, limited. Here, we compare high‐resolution reanalysis ERA5 (0.25° horizontal, <21 hPa vertical) low‐resolution chemical CAMSRA (0.75°, <40 hPa), against over 1 year. Folding becomes dramatically more frequent at high resolution, with vertical resolution overwhelmingly responsible. Deeper, filamentary almost entirely unrepresented low resolution. Higher‐resolution better‐correlated (especially along midlatitude storm tracks, where deep most common); STT therefore likely attributable tropopause than coarsely‐resolved capture.

Language: Английский

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A bias-corrected GEMS geostationary satellite product for nitrogen dioxide using machine learning to enforce consistency with the TROPOMI satellite instrument

Published: April 4, 2024

Abstract. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) launched in February 2020 is now providing continuous daytime hourly observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) columns over East Asia (5° S–45° N, 75° E–145° E) with 3.5 × 7.7 km2 pixel resolution. These data provide unique information to improve understanding the sources, chemistry, and transport oxides (NOx) implications for atmospheric chemistry air quality, but opportunities direct validation are very limited. Here we correct operational level-2 (L2) NO2 vertical column densities (VCDs) from GEMS a machine learning (ML) model match much sparser more mature low Earth orbit TROPOspheric Instrument (TROPOMI), preserving density making them consistent TROPOMI. We first reprocess TROPOMI L2 products use common prior profiles (shape factors) GEOS-Chem chemical model. This removes major inconsistency between two satellite greatly improves their agreement ground-based Pandora VCD source regions. then apply ML remaining differences, Δ(GEMS-TROPOMI), using as predictor variables VCDs retrieval parameters. train collocated VCDs, taking advantage off-track viewing cover wide range effective zenith angles (EZAs) diurnal profiles. most important Δ(GEMS-TROPOMI) EZA. corrected product unbiased relative shows variation regions than product.

Language: Английский

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Decoupling in the vertical shape of HCHO during a sea breeze event: The effect on trace gas satellite retrievals and column-to-surface translation

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 309, P. 119929 - 119929

Published: June 28, 2023

The effect of sea breeze circulation on stratification the vertical formaldehyde (HCHO) concentration profiles is explored using a regional atmospheric chemical transport model (CTM) for three synoptically stagnant days focused east coast U.S in June 2018. During this event, significant thermal contrast between Atlantic Ocean and terrestrial regions (12–17 °C), observed by moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) well-captured WRF-CMAQ (15–18 conducive to monsoon-like flow, perpendicular shorelines, carrying clean marine air masses over land within few hundreds meters above surface. In contrast, westerly continental polluted prevail higher altitudes. These two conflicting flows result atypical shapes HCHO concentrations increasing with altitude. This decoupling pattern so pronounced that we observe total column negatively correlate surface concentrations. Comparisons an accredited global model, GEOS-CF, wind measurements MODIS skin temperature indicate its poor representation timing strength, resulting GEOS-CF being drastically different from WRF-CMAQ. Based radiative transfer calculations, differences distribution first 3 km are sufficient induce 20–30% error mass factors (thus abundances). Through experiment involving converting columns mixing ratios, demonstrate allocates noticeably more molecules (40–150%) layer due misrepresentation shape during event. It known fraction human population lives coastal areas prone detrimental effects caused pollution, elevated pollutant usually occur conditions when local patterns come into play; accordingly, our experiments emphasize importance priori can have satellite-derived applications under such conditions. To ensure quantitative satellite-based trace gas retrievals daily basis trustworthy useable quality applications, models providing satellite should be well-tuned reproduce complex as sea-land breezes.

Language: Английский

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Particle number concentrations and size distributions in the stratosphere: implications of nucleation mechanisms and particle microphysics

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 1863 - 1877

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Abstract. While formation and growth of particles in the troposphere have been extensively studied past two decades, very limited efforts devoted to understanding these stratosphere. Here we use both Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD) laboratory measurements taken under low temperatures (205–223 K) Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom) situ observations particle number size distributions (PNSDs) down 3 nm constrain nucleation mechanisms evaluate model-simulated lowermost stratosphere (LMS). We show that binary homogenous (BHN) scheme used most existing stratospheric aerosol injection (a proposed method solar radiation modification) modeling studies overpredicts rates by 3–4 orders magnitude (when compared CLOUD data) concentrations background LMS a factor ∼ 2–4 ATom data). Based on recently developed kinetic model, which gives ion-mediated (IMN) BHN at good agreement with measurements, IMN occur However, are generally more than 1 order higher thus dominate In Southern Hemisphere (SH) minimum influence anthropogenic emissions, our analysis shows ATom-measured PNSDs four apparent modes. The model captures reasonably well modes (Aitken mode first accumulation mode) highest size-dependent standard deviations. misses an second peaking around 300–400 nm, is range important for direct radiative forcing. bimodal structure has also observed above tropopause volcano-perturbed suggest this may be caused effect charges coagulation growth, not yet considered any models due high ionization long lifetime aerosols. Considering importance accurate projecting realistic forcing response (SAI), it essential understand incorporate such potentially processes SAI simulations carry out further research find what other present might missed.

Language: Английский

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M2‐SCREAM: A Stratospheric Composition Reanalysis of Aura MLS Data With MERRA‐2 Transport

Earth and Space Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Abstract The MERRA‐2 Stratospheric Composition Reanalysis of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (M2‐SCREAM) is a new reanalysis stratospheric ozone, water vapor, hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO 3 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) between 2004 the present (with latency several months). assimilated fields are provided at 50‐km horizontal resolution three‐hourly frequency. M2‐SCREAM assimilates version 4.2 (MLS) profiles five constituents alongside total ozone column from Ozone Monitoring Instrument. Dynamics tropospheric vapor constrained by reanalysis. species in excellent agreement with MLS observations, except for HNO polar night, where data not assimilated. Comparisons against independent observations show that realistically captures spatial temporal variability all constituents. In particular, standard deviations differences constituent mixing ratio Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer much smaller than measured Evaluation aircraft balloon‐borne frost point hygrometers indicates faithful representations small‐scale structures near tropopause. process‐based analysis consistency dynamics large‐scale processes demonstrate utility scientific studies chemical transport on time scales ranging hours to decades. Analysis uncertainties guidelines usage provided.

Language: Английский

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Forecasting O3 and NO2 concentrations with spatiotemporally continuous coverage in southeastern China using a Machine learning approach

Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 109249 - 109249

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Ozone (O3) is a significant contributor to air pollution and the main constituent ofphotochemical smog that plagues China. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollutant critical trace gas in Earth's atmosphere. The presence of O3 NO2 has detrimental effects on human health, ecosystem, agricultural production. Forecasting accurate ambient concentrations with full spatiotemporal coverage pivotal for decision-makers develop effective mitigation strategies prevent harmful public exposure. Existing methods, including chemical transport models (CTMs) time series at monitoring sites, forecast either nontrivial uncertainty or without spatiotemporally continuous coverage. In this research, we adopted forecasting model integrates random forest algorithm NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System "Composing Forecasting" (GEOS-CF) product. This approach offers forecasts across southeastern China up five days advance. Both overall validation spatial cross-validation revealed our framework significantly surpassed initial GEOS-CF all metrics, substantially reducing errors data. Our could provide near-real-time

Language: Английский

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Analysis of Atmospheric Conditions Responsible for an Ozone Exceedance Event in Southeast Virginia on June 15, 2022

Atmospheric Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102409 - 102409

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Algorithm Theoretical Basis for Version 3 TEMPO O₂‐O₂ Cloud Product

Earth and Space Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Abstract This Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD) describes the retrieval algorithm and sensitivities of Version 3 cloud product derived from spectra collected by Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring POllution (TEMPO) instrument. The is primarily produced for supporting retrievals TEMPO trace gases that are important understanding atmospheric chemistry monitoring air pollution. adapted NASA's Ozone Instrument (OMI) oxygen collision complex (O 2 ‐O ) algorithm. generates effective fraction (ECF) normalized radiance at 466 nm optical centroid pressure (OCP) using O column amount spectral absorption feature near 477 nm. slant retrieved Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory's fitting code with optimized parameters. ECF OCP used gas to calculate Air Mass Factors which convert columns vertical columns. various input parameters investigated.

Language: Английский

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A research product for tropospheric NO₂ columns from Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer based on Peking University OMI NO₂ algorithm

Atmospheric measurement techniques, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(19), P. 4643 - 4665

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

Abstract. Tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) retrieved from sun-synchronous satellite instruments have provided abundant NO2 data for environmental studies, but such are limited by retrieval uncertainties and insufficient temporal sampling (e.g., once a day). The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) launched in February 2020 monitors at an unprecedented hourly resolution during the daytime. Here we present research product tropospheric VCDs, referred to as POMINO–GEMS (where POMINO is Peking University OMI algorithm). We develop hybrid method combining GEMS, TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Instrument) GEOS-CF (Global Earth Observing System Composition Forecast) generate slant (SCDs). then derive air mass factors (AMFs) with explicit corrections surface reflectance anisotropy aerosol optical effects through parallelized pixel-by-pixel radiative transfer calculations. Prerequisite cloud parameters O2–O2 algorithm using ancillary consistent those used AMF initial VCDs June–August 2021 exhibits strong hotspot signals over megacities distinctive diurnal variations polluted clean areas. agree POMINO–TROPOMI v1.2.2 (R=0.98; NMB = 4.9 %) East Asia, slight differences associated viewing geometries properties affecting retrieval. also shows good agreement following: OMNO2 (Ozone Instrument (OMI) Standard Product) v4 (R=0.87; −16.8 %); GOME-2 Ozone Experiment-2) GDP (GOME Data Processor) 4.8 (R=0.83; −1.5 products. small biases against ground-based MAX-DOAS (multi-axis differential absorption spectroscopy) VCD nine sites (NMB −11.1 %), modest or high correlation variation six urban suburban (R 0.60 0.96). spatiotemporal correlates well mobile car measurements Three Rivers source region on Tibetan Plateau (R=0.81). Surface concentrations estimated Ministry Ecology China (R=0.78; −26.3 all, urban, rural (R≥0.96). will be made freely available users study variations, sources impacts NO2.

Language: Английский

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