Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Ambient Air in Summer in Urban Beijing: Contribution of S/IVOCs and Impacts of Heat Waves DOI
Zijun Zhang,

Weiqi Xu,

Siqi Zeng

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 738 - 745

Published: June 21, 2024

Semivolatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) are known as crucial precursors of secondary aerosols (SOA), yet their specific contributions to SOA in urban areas remain unclear. Here, we investigate the real-time formation from ambient air summer Beijing utilizing an oxidation flow reactor (OFR), coupled with aerosol proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometers. Our results show that maximum photochemical OFR reached 2.9 μg m–3 at ∼1.5 days age. Primary OA less oxidized oxygenated experience loss high ages (>3 days) OFR, whereas more continues enhancement, indicating role heterogeneous processes highly aged SOA. Closure studies demonstrate estimated contribute 50.0 ± 17.3% measured The relatively low contribution (10.3 5.2%) IVOCs emphasizes importance unmeasured S/IVOCs formation. Furthermore, illustrate impact heat waves on by enhancing biogenic emissions summer.

Language: Английский

Understanding the vertical temperature structure of recent record-shattering heatwaves DOI Creative Commons
Belinda Hotz, Lukas Papritz, Matthias Röthlisberger

et al.

Weather and Climate Dynamics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 323 - 343

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract. Extreme heatwaves are one of the most impactful natural hazards, posing risks to human health, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Recent theoretical observational studies have suggested that vertical temperature structure during limits magnitude near-surface heat through convective instability. In this study, we thus examine in detail three recent record-shattering heatwaves, Pacific Northwest (PNW) heatwave 2021, western Russian (RU) 2010, European UK (UK) 2022, by decomposing anomalies (T′) entire tropospheric column above surface into contributions from advection, adiabatic warming cooling, diabatic processes. All exhibited bottom-heavy yet vertically deep positive T′ extending throughout troposphere. Importantly, though, underlying physical processes varied greatly within each heatwave, as well across distinct reflecting diverse synoptic storylines these events. The PNW was strongly influenced an upstream cyclone associated warm conveyor belt, which amplified extreme quasi-stationary ridge generated substantial mid- upper-tropospheric advection heating. some contrast, RU caused while it modest latent heating only early phase respective ridge. Adiabatic notably contributed positively lower-tropospheric all but lowermost 200–300 hPa. Near surface, negligible heatwave. Moreover, there is clear evidence amplification downward propagation whereby maximum coincided with arrival boundary layer. Additionally, widespread ageing over course events fully consistent notion domes, air recirculates accumulates heat. Our results for first time document four-dimensional functioning anticyclone–heatwave couplets terms cooling or warming, suggest a complex interplay between large-scale dynamics, moist convection, layer ultimately determines temperatures heatwaves.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Regionalisation of heat waves in southern South America DOI Creative Commons
Solange Suli, David Barriopedro, Ricardo García‐Herrera

et al.

Weather and Climate Extremes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40, P. 100569 - 100569

Published: May 4, 2023

This study describes the climatological characteristics of regional heat waves (HWs) over southern South America (SSA) for warm seasons (October–March) 1979–2018 based on daily maximum temperature series from 131 weather stations. Clustering stations with high co-occurrence simultaneous HW days is employed to identify events five homogeneous regions: northern, central-eastern and SSA regions, central Argentina, Chile. When all regions are considered, we find a mean frequency ∼4 HWs per year. Transitional (northern SSA, Argentina) characterised by longer, albeit less intense, than southernmost region (southern SSA), whereas Chile display lowest duration, intensity extension. By aggregating these single attributes into combined severity index, ranking historical has been obtained, March 1980 event standing as most severe one SSA. The assessment long-term changes reveals significant increases in Argentina only. Trends also dependent, only where increased significantly. We report similarities differences synoptic circulation patterns associated events. Southern have distinctive signatures, related extratropical high-pressure systems blocking westerly flow. In remaining anomalies Atlantic or Pacific (central Chile) High, intensification northerly low-level flow thermal lows American Low Level Jet Regional often migrate northern following displacement/intensification which partially explains similarity their patterns.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Spatial-temporal evolution and intrinsic drivers of compound drought and heatwave events in Mainland China DOI

Shi Penghui,

Yi Li, Asim Biswas

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 948, P. 174834 - 174834

Published: July 19, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Global emergence of regional heatwave hotspots outpaces climate model simulations DOI Creative Commons
Kai Kornhuber, Samuel Bartusek, Richard Seager

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(49)

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Multiple recent record-shattering weather events raise questions about the adequacy of climate models to effectively predict and prepare for unprecedented impacts on human life, infrastructure, ecosystems. Here, we show that extreme heat in several regions globally is increasing significantly faster magnitude than what state-of-the-art have predicted under present warming even after accounting their regional summer background warming. Across all global land area, underestimate positive trends exceeding 0.5 °C per decade widening upper tail surface temperature distributions by a factor four compared reanalysis data exhibit lower fraction overall. To lesser degree, also observed strong contraction tails some areas, while moderate are well reproduced perspective. Our results highlight need better understand model drivers rapidly mitigate greenhouse gas emissions avoid further harm from unexpected events.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Ambient Air in Summer in Urban Beijing: Contribution of S/IVOCs and Impacts of Heat Waves DOI
Zijun Zhang,

Weiqi Xu,

Siqi Zeng

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 738 - 745

Published: June 21, 2024

Semivolatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) are known as crucial precursors of secondary aerosols (SOA), yet their specific contributions to SOA in urban areas remain unclear. Here, we investigate the real-time formation from ambient air summer Beijing utilizing an oxidation flow reactor (OFR), coupled with aerosol proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometers. Our results show that maximum photochemical OFR reached 2.9 μg m–3 at ∼1.5 days age. Primary OA less oxidized oxygenated experience loss high ages (>3 days) OFR, whereas more continues enhancement, indicating role heterogeneous processes highly aged SOA. Closure studies demonstrate estimated contribute 50.0 ± 17.3% measured The relatively low contribution (10.3 5.2%) IVOCs emphasizes importance unmeasured S/IVOCs formation. Furthermore, illustrate impact heat waves on by enhancing biogenic emissions summer.

Language: Английский

Citations

5