Towards scientific forecasting of magmatic eruptions

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 5 - 22

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

---

A global assessment of SAOCOM-1 L-band stripmap data for InSAR characterization of volcanic, tectonic, cryospheric, and anthropogenic deformation

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 1 - 21

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Physicochemical Properties and Bioreactivity of Sub‐10 μm Geogenic Particles: Comparison of Volcanic Ash and Desert Dust

GeoHealth, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM 10 ) is a well‐established health hazard. There increasing evidence that geogenic (Earth‐derived) particles can induce adverse biological effects upon inhalation, though there high variability in particle bioreactivity associated source and physicochemical properties. In this study, we investigated properties reactivity volcanic ash from the April 2021 eruption La Soufrière volcano, St. Vincent, two desert dust samples: standardized test Arizona aeolian Gobi Desert sampled China. We determined size, morphology, mineralogy, surface texture chemistry sub‐10 material investigate associations between observed bioreactivity. assessed cellular responses (cytotoxic pro‐inflammatory effects) acute exposures (24 hr) monocultures at air‐liquid interface using types cells human airways: BEAS‐2B bronchial epithelial A549 alveolar type II cells. acellular assays, also oxidative potential presence microorganisms. The results showed exhibit intrinsically different textures chemistry, variable mineralogical content. found more bioreactive than freshly erupted dust, which possibly linked microorganisms (bacteria) and/or nanoscale elongated silicate minerals (potentially clay such as illite or vermiculite) on surfaces.

Language: Английский

---

The Permian-Triassic volcanic activity in the West Siberian basin: A buried silicic LIP coeval to the Siberian Traps

Gondwana Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Global radiant flux from active volcanoes: the 2000–2019 MIROVA database

Frontiers in Earth Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Since 2000, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has acquired infrared images of Earth’s surface daily. These data have made it possible to measure thermal energy radiated by world’s most famous volcanoes and also discover track eruptions in remote poorly monitored regions. In this work, we present database Volcanic Radiative Power (VRP, W) time series, recorded MIROVA (Middle Infrared Observation Activity) system over 2 decades MODIS observations (2000–2019) at 111 active volcanoes. The reveals that globally, number thermally each year varies between 60 80, almost equally partitioned with a basic (50%) intermediate (45%) composition, while only 5% is represented erupting acidic lavas. Within investigated period, global-scale heat flux was stationary, occasionally punctuated peaks associated largest effusive (e.g., Bardarbunga Kilauea). Energy (VRE, J) emitted (∼1.8 × 10 18 20 years constitutes 91% total, intermediates acids contribute 8% 17 1% (∼1.7 16 J), respectively. A comparison volume lava erupted effusively same difference attributed lower efficiency radiating increasingly (viscous) bodies. Each compositional group specific relationship VRE which characterises On other hand, some open-vent reveal much more released than theoretically lava. This imbalance (hereby called excess radiation) an additional source, likely underlying convective magma column and/or outgassing through permeable conduit. We are convinced presented work will be useful support new emerging studies on volcanism better understanding volcanic system.

Language: Английский

---

Nanoscale silicate melt textures determine volcanic ash surface chemistry

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Explosive volcanic eruptions produce vast quantities of silicate ash, whose surfaces are subsequently altered during atmospheric transit. These mediate environmental interactions, including ice nucleation, and toxic effects in biota. A lack knowledge the initial, pre-altered ash surface has required previous studies to assume that composition created magmatic fragmentation is equivalent bulk particle assemblage. Here we examine particles generated by controlled andesite find generates with substantial differences chemistry. We attribute this disparity observations nanoscale melt heterogeneities, which Fe-rich nanophases deflect blunt fractures, thereby focusing fracture propagation within aureoles single-phase formed diffusion-limited growth crystals. In manner, argue commonly observed pre-eruptive microtextures caused disequilibrium crystallisation and/or unmixing can modify generate primary discrepancies chemistry, an essential consideration for understanding cascading consequences reactive various environments.

Language: Английский

---

The Potential of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection to Reduce the Climatic Risks of Explosive Volcanic Eruptions

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(8)

Published: April 22, 2024

Abstract Sulfur‐rich volcanic eruptions happen sporadically. If Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI) were to be deployed, it is likely that explosive would during such a deployment. Here we use an ensemble of Earth System Model simulations show how changing the injection strategy post‐eruption could used reduce climate risks large eruption; are also modified even without any change strategy. For medium‐size eruption (10 Tg‐SO 2 ) comparable SAI rate, volcanic‐induced cooling reduced if occurs under SAI, especially artificial sulfur dioxide injections immediately suspended. Alternatively, suspending only in hemisphere and continuing opposite shifts precipitation tropical belt thus mitigate eruption‐induced drought. Finally, for much larger than deployment, changes have minimal effect.

Language: Английский

---

Rapid mapping of volcanic eruption building damage: A model based on prior knowledge and few-shot fine-tuning

International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 126, P. 103622 - 103622

Published: Dec. 17, 2023

Large-scale volcanic eruptions always inflict severe damage upon facilities and cause significant environmental pollution. Building caused by lava flow ash coverage can reflect the infrastructure devastation victim scope within affected region. The application of machine learning methods for building automated identification from remote sensing imagery typically relies on a large number training samples. However, labeled data scarcity is common issue in field disasters, particularly eruptions. To address this, we propose two-stage quick mapping workflow, which combines localization model trained prior knowledge classification fine-tuned few-shot eruption-related utilizes CNN-based Siamese network bi-temporal image feature extraction comparison, with backbone initialized pre-trained weights ImageNet. We conducted tasks single-disaster scenarios cross-disaster domain Mount Semeru, Tonga, ST. Vincent; visual level each was used as ground truth. results demonstrate that our identify efficiently accurately different eruption scenarios, an over 93% F1-score 2-way 20-shot tasks. Furthermore, though samples regions present cross-domain challenges, adapt to domains being supplemented few another disaster. Additionally, case Semeru Eruption, gain insights into potential statistics post-eruption assessments. further enhance robustness mixed-domain multi-level tasks, issues including sample bias certain disaster sources should be addressed.

Language: Английский

---

Implications for Shallow Magma Transfer During the 2017 and 2018 Eruptions at Fernandina (Galápagos) Inferred From InSAR Data

Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128(6)

Published: May 27, 2023

Abstract Previous work at Fernandina, the most active volcano of Western Galápagos (Ecuador), revealed evidence for both a shallow and deep magma reservoir, but relative contribution two reservoirs to eruptions remains unclear. Here we investigate September 2017 circumferential eruption June 2018 radial using interferometric synthetic aperture radar data geodetic modeling. Our results show that during was simultaneously withdrawn from injected upwards through then fed feeder dike SW caldera. Two episodes inflow new occurred in inter‐eruptive period December May 2018. During eruption, dikes below north flank, probably interacting with an underlying peripheral melt pocket, inclined sheet NW sector highlight primary role deeper reservoir which accumulates before eruptions. Both were characterized by rapid transfer shallower reservoir. This is similar what observed nearby Wolf volcano, unlike Sierra Negra, where higher volumes These differences pre‐eruptive might be related different evolutionary stages Fernandina regard more mature Negra.

Language: Английский

---

Spatial and Temporal Resolution Needs for Volcano Topographic Change Data Sets Based on Past Eruptions (1980–2019)

Earth and Space Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Abstract Up‐to‐date topography data sets are essential for forecasting volcanic hazards and monitoring deformation. Digital elevation models used to quantify eruption rates, in flow modeling programs, necessary accurately process interferometric synthetic aperture radar surface We can track topographic change at volcanoes through fieldwork, airborne instruments, satellite data, with the last providing greatest potential global coverage. Despite this coverage, we do not know characteristics of over a given time interval. define specific acquisition needs using detected from recent eruptions. review existing literature compile set eruptive products (121 lava flows, 99 domes 163 pyroclastic density currents (PDCs)) eruptions between 1980 2019. find that different sensing capabilities required use cases. A vertical accuracy 1 m would detect 92% all including 100% but only 78% PDCs. horizontal resolution 13 × pixels is minimum 90% products. Explosive (with PDC products) typically lasted less than day need temporal while longer repeat interval acceptable effusive (lava flows), which could weeks years. lack consistent acquisition, 45% 383 reported having published spatial dimensions.

Language: Английский

---