Non-traditional data to inform modern climate science

Frontiers in Communication, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

The global climate is changing rapidly, with cascading impacts across the world. Even though modern instrument-based record of Earth observations reflects decades critical work, multi-century time series may be required to understand and forecast key elements system dynamics. Here, we review potential uses non-traditional data records—observations reported without using instruments or standardized measurement protocols—to identify ecosystem dynamics that predate methodologies tools. We compile a list diverse datasets collected over more than 500 years, including landscape paintings, sea lore, animal migration data. This initial presents opportunities for further investigation reconstruct past use records complement instrument methods.

Language: Английский

Assessing Earth System Responses to Climate Mitigation and Intervention with Scenario-Based Simulations and Data-Driven Insight

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 6, 2024

Given a world increasingly dominated by climate extremes, large-scale geoengineering interventions to modify the Earth’s appears inevitable. However, faces conundrum: accurately forecasting consequences of intervention in system for which we have incomplete observations and an imperfect understanding. We evaluate potential implications mitigation strategies with set experiments utilizing historical reanalysis data scenario-based model simulations examine global response deploying these strategies. Key findings included mean surface temperature total precipitation increases 1.374\(\pm\)0.481\(^\circ\)C 0.045\(\pm\)0.567 mm day⁻¹ respectively over observed period (i.e., 1950–2022). Mitigation reveal pronounced regional anomalies erratic interannual variability precipitation, temperatures up 7.626\(^\circ\)C Greenland, Northern Siberia, Horn Africa down -2.378ºC Central Eastern Brazil, 1.170 Southern Alaska -1.195 day^{− 1} Colombia East Africa. Furthermore, [CH₄] dynamics indicated alter metrics but presented significant based on scenario deployment. Collectively, tended overestimate magnitude substantial deviations scenario-dependent estimation heterogeneity [CH₄]. forward projections indicate that both scenarios can lead varied responses, emphasizing complexity uncertainty predicting exact outcomes different By constraining our investigation scope include monthly temperature, atmospheric methane concentration [CH₄], find were capable capturing departures unable perfectly represent patterns warming teleconnections clearly identified observational record.

Language: Английский

Emerging permafrost carbon dynamics: Identifying critical gaps and future needs

Authorea (Authorea), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 13, 2024

The Arctic is warming four times faster than the global average, resulting in widespread ground thaw and state changes. Due to rapid rate large scale of ecosystem shifts, identifying understanding boreal zone changes feedbacks requires frequent observations across multiple scales. last decade has witnessed significant increases number coverage in-situ, airborne, satellite observations. However, additional resolution, coverage, sustained, long-term time series data records are urgently required characterize understand considerable heterogeneity Northern permafrost environments. Here, we review physical technical gaps that limit ability detect tipping points ecosystems. Understanding accurately forecasting an essential component managing climate change this rapidly transforming system.

Language: Английский