Future land carbon removals in China consistent with national inventory DOI Creative Commons
Yue He, Shilong Piao, Philippe Ciais

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

China's commitment to carbon neutrality by 2060 relies on the Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) sector, with forestation targets designed enhance removal. However, exact sequestration potential of these initiatives remains uncertain due differing accounting conventions between national inventories scientific assessments. Here, we reconcile both estimates reassess LULUCF fluxes up 2100, using a spatially explicit bookkeeping model, state-of-the-art historical data, targets. We simulate sink −0.24 ± 0.03 Gt C yr−1 over 1994–2018 from past efforts, aligned well inventory. Should official be followed extended, this could reach −0.35 0.04 in 2060, offsetting 43 4% anticipated residual fossil CO2 emissions. Our findings confirm key role sequestration, but its will decline if efforts cease, highlighting necessity for emission reductions other sectors achieve neutrality. goal This study reconciles flux estimates, projecting that continued offset 43% emissions 2060.

Language: Английский

Trends and Drivers of Terrestrial Sources and Sinks of Carbon Dioxide: An Overview of the TRENDY Project DOI Creative Commons
Stephen Sitch, Michael O’Sullivan, Eddy Robertson

et al.

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract The terrestrial biosphere plays a major role in the global carbon cycle, and there is recognized need for regularly updated estimates of land‐atmosphere exchange at regional scales. An international ensemble Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs), known as “Trends drivers scale sources sinks dioxide” (TRENDY) project, quantifies land biophysical processes biogeochemistry cycles support annual Carbon Budget assessments REgional Cycle Assessment Processes, phase 2 project. DGVMs use common protocol set driving data sets. A factorial simulations allows attribution spatio‐temporal changes surface to three primary change drivers: atmospheric CO , climate variability, Land Use Cover Changes (LULCC). Here, we describe TRENDY benchmark DGVM performance using remote‐sensing other observational data, present results contemporary period. Simulation show large sink natural vegetation over 2012–2021, attributed fertilization effect (3.8 ± 0.8 PgC/yr) (−0.58 0.54 PgC/yr). Forests semi‐arid ecosystems contribute approximately equally mean trend sink, continue dominate interannual variability. offset by net emissions from LULCC (−1.6 0.5 PgC/yr), with 1.7 0.6 PgC/yr. Despite largest gross fluxes being tropics, simulated extratropical regions.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
A Top-Down Method for Estimating Regional Fossil Fuel Carbon Emissions Based on Satellite XCO2 Retrievals DOI Creative Commons
Lingyu Zhang, Fei Jiang, Yu Mao

et al.

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 447 - 447

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Satellite XCO2 retrievals have been widely used in estimating fossil fuel carbon (FFC) emissions at point and urban scales. However, the regional scale, it remains a significant challenge. Furthermore, current global atmospheric inversions often overlook uncertainties associated with FFC emissions. To meet needs of stocktake, we developed an inversion method based on Bayesian statistical theory OCO-2 satellite observations to optimize alongside terrestrial ecosystem fluxes (NEE). The methodology’s core is distinguish contributions NEE observed concentrations using their different spatial distributions. We designed observing system simulation experiment invert 2016 results showed that posterior were significantly optimized during non-growing seasons regions high emissions, optimization effect diminishing as shrank. Average uncertainty reductions are range 13–82% season for eight largest emitting globally. By assuming same reduction both growing seasons, can annual high-emission areas. believe this study provides new idea which important achieving goal neutrality.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
China Land Carbon Budget (CLCB1.0): A comprehensive estimate of the land carbon budget in China DOI Creative Commons
Jiangzhou Xia, Xiaosheng Xia, Xuhui Wang

et al.

National Science Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(4)

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Greenhouse Gas Budgets of Central and West Asia (2000–2020): A Significant Net Source to the Atmosphere DOI Creative Commons

Xiaoyu Qin,

Hanqin Tian, Josep G. Canadell

et al.

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(3)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Abstract This study provides the first comprehensive quantification of three major greenhouse gases (GHGs, including CO 2 , CH 4 and N O) budgets for Central West Asia (CWA) from 2000 to 2020, contributions fossil fuels, industry, managed unmanaged terrestrial ecosystems. We use bottom‐up (BU: inventories process‐based models) top‐down approaches (TD: atmospheric inversions) elucidate CWA's GHG budget its changes. BU TD consistently show that CWA was a significant growing source during 2010s: average net emissions were 4,175 (range: 4,055–4,301) Tg eq yr −1 based on using global warming potentials over 100‐year period (GWP100), slightly higher 4,293 (3,760–4,826) TD. estimates fuel combustion fugitive releases dominant source, accounting 61% total in 2010s, with 2,554 (2,526–2,582) . Terrestrial natural ecosystems weak sink sources O, which together resulted decadal mean emission 220.5 (114.5–332.8) Non‐CO gases, primarily contributed significantly region's emissions, 32% (BU) 24% (TD) under GWP100, increasing 57% 49% GWP20, highlighting stronger impact shorter timescales. Overall, about 8% 10% 7% 3% O.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The North American Greenhouse Gas Budget: Emissions, Removals, and Integration for CO2, CH4, and N2O (2010–2019): Results From the Second REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Study (RECCAP2) DOI Creative Commons
Benjamin Poulter, Guillermo N. Murray-Tortarolo, Daniel J. Hayes

et al.

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract Accurate accounting of greenhouse‐gas (GHG) emissions and removals is central to tracking progress toward climate mitigation for monitoring potential climate‐change feedbacks. GHG budgeting reporting can follow either the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change methodologies National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) or use atmospheric‐based “top‐down” (TD) inversions process‐based “bottom‐up” (BU) approaches. To help understand reconcile these approaches, Second REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment Processes study (RECCAP2) was established quantify carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) nitrous oxide (N O), ten‐land five‐ocean regions 2010–2019. Here, we present results North American land region (Canada, United States, Mexico, Central America Caribbean). For 2010–2019, NGHGI reported total net‐GHG 7,270 TgCO ‐eq yr −1 compared TD estimates 6,132 ± 1,846 BU 9,060 898 . Reconciling differences between NGHGI, approaches depended (a) lateral fluxes CO along land‐ocean‐aquatic continuum (LOAC) trade, (b) correcting land‐use loss‐of‐additional‐sink capacity (LASC), (c) avoiding double counting inland water CH emissions, (d) adjusting area match definition managed‐land proxy. Uncertainties remain from inland‐water evasion, conversion nitrogen fertilizers N O, less‐frequent non‐Annex‐1 countries. The RECCAP2 framework plays a key role in reconciling independent GHG‐reporting support policy commitments while providing insights into biogeochemical processes responses change.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Nano-Food Farming Approaches to Mitigate Heat Stress under Ongoing Climate Change: A Review DOI Creative Commons
Hassan El-Ramady, József Prokisch, Mohammed E. El-Mahrouk

et al.

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 656 - 656

Published: April 24, 2024

Increased heat stress is a common feature of global climate change and can cause adverse impacts on crops from germination through maturation harvest. This review focuses the extreme (>35 °C) plants their physiology how they affect food water security. The emphasis what be done to minimize negative effects stress, which includes application various materials approaches. Nano-farming highlighted as one promising approach. Heat often combined with drought, salinity, other stresses, together whole agroecosystem, including soil, plants, water, farm animals, leading serious implications for resources. Indeed, there no single remedy or approach that overcome such grand issues. However, nano-farming part an adaptation strategy. More studies are needed verify potential benefits nanomaterials but also investigate any side-effects, particularly under intensive nanomaterials, problems this might create, nanotoxicity.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Future land carbon removals in China consistent with national inventory DOI Creative Commons
Yue He, Shilong Piao, Philippe Ciais

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

China's commitment to carbon neutrality by 2060 relies on the Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) sector, with forestation targets designed enhance removal. However, exact sequestration potential of these initiatives remains uncertain due differing accounting conventions between national inventories scientific assessments. Here, we reconcile both estimates reassess LULUCF fluxes up 2100, using a spatially explicit bookkeeping model, state-of-the-art historical data, targets. We simulate sink −0.24 ± 0.03 Gt C yr−1 over 1994–2018 from past efforts, aligned well inventory. Should official be followed extended, this could reach −0.35 0.04 in 2060, offsetting 43 4% anticipated residual fossil CO2 emissions. Our findings confirm key role sequestration, but its will decline if efforts cease, highlighting necessity for emission reductions other sectors achieve neutrality. goal This study reconciles flux estimates, projecting that continued offset 43% emissions 2060.

Language: Английский

Citations

0