The Co-occurrence of Wildfire Smoke and Extreme Heat Events in British Columbia, 2010–2022: Evaluating Spatiotemporal Trends and Inequities in Exposure Burden

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Exposure to Smoke From Wildfire, Prescribed, and Agricultural Burns Among At‐Risk Populations Across Washington, Oregon, and California

GeoHealth, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Wildfires, prescribed burns, and agricultural burns all impact ambient air quality across the Western U.S.; however, little is known about how communities region are differentially exposed to smoke from each of these fire types. To address this gap, we quantify exposure stemming wildfire, prescribed, Washington, Oregon, California 2014 2020 using a type‐specific biomass burning emissions inventory GEOS‐Chem chemical transport model. We examine PM 2.5 concentration by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, in relation Center for Disease Control's Social Vulnerability Index. Overall, population‐weighted concentrations greater wildfires than burns. While found limited evidence disparities among sub‐groups full study area, did observe disproportionately higher exposures wildfire‐specific Native three states and, California, burn‐specific lower groups. also identified, states, areas significant spatial clustering types increased social vulnerability. These results provide first look at differential contributions wildfires, demographic subgroups, which can be used inform more tailored reduction strategies sources.

Language: Английский

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Wildland Fire Smoke Adds to Disproportionate PM_2.5 Exposure in the United States

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Wildland fire (i.e., prescribed and wildfire) smoke exposure is an emerging public health threat, in part due to climate change. Previous research has demonstrated disparities ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, with Black people, among others, exposed higher concentrations; yet, it remains unclear how wildland may contribute additional disproportionate exposure. Here, we investigate the PM2.5 burden contributed by contiguous United States race ethnicity, urbanicity, median household income, language spoken at home, using modeled total, non-fire, concentrations from 2007 2018. fires 7% 14% of total population weighted annually, while non-fire declined 24% over study period. greater for American Indian or Alaska Native people those who live nonurban areas. Disproportionate mean (9.1 μg/m3, compared 8.7 μg/m3 overall) were estimated be further exacerbated (1.0 0.9 overall). These results can inform equitable strategies agencies air quality managers reduce States.

Language: Английский

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Simulating the air quality impact of prescribed fires using graph neural network-based PM_2.5 forecasts

Environmental Data Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract The increasing size and severity of wildfires across the western United States have generated dangerous levels PM 2.5 concentrations in recent years. In a changing climate, expanding use prescribed fires is widely considered to be most robust fire mitigation strategy. However, reliably forecasting potential air quality impact from fires, which critical planning fires’ location time, at hourly daily time scales remains challenging problem. this paper, we introduce spatio-temporal graph neural network (GNN)-based model for predictions California. Utilizing two-step approach, our predict net ambient concentrations, are used estimate wildfire contributions. Integrating GNN-based with simulations historically propose novel framework forecast their impact. This determines that March optimal month implementing California quantifies trade-offs involved conducting more outside peak season.

Language: Английский

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CardioRespiratory Effects of Wildfire Suppression (CREWS) study: an experimental overview

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: May 16, 2025

An increase in the severity of global wildfires necessitates examination associated health risks, particularly wildfire personnel. Exposure to particulate matter from smoke (PM 2.5 ), soil/dust, and ash 4 ) other wildfire-associated pollutants (carbon monoxide) have previously been linked acute cardiovascular respiratory dysfunction. Despite mounting epidemiological evidence cardiorespiratory-related morbidity mortality related suppression exposures, chronic effects (>1 year) wildland firefighting on pathophysiological progression cardiorespiratory disease this vulnerable group remain largely uncharacterized. Thus, a repeated-measures study with open recruitment over 3-years was designed partnership University British Columbia Okanagan Wildfire Service (BCWS) address gaps firefighter (WFF) research. The primary aims CardioRespiratory Effects Suppression (CREWS) Study are to: 1) Examine effect(s) selected aspects vascular BCWS WFFs, 2) (e.g., cross-shift) suppression, 3) Identify mechanisms contributing dysfunction WFFs. To these aims, as detailed overview, clinical subclinical measures, circulating airway-specific inflammatory biomarkers, heavy metal exposure, personal air sampling methods detect smoke, dust, exposure will be employed across three consecutive seasons same cohort findings provide new insight into short long-term impact health. This information inform guidelines development future mitigation strategies improve safety

Language: Английский

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