Submarine Volcanic Eruptions and Their Impacts on Hydrothermal Systems and Biological Communities DOI
Rebecca Carey, D. A. Butterfield,

Malcolm R. Clark

et al.

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 397 - 423

Published: May 30, 2025

More than 70% of Earth's magmatic output occurs in the ocean. This volcanism shapes major features seafloor, directly impacts chemical composition oceans through water/rock interactions, and drives hydrothermal circulation seawater. The formation seafloor mineral deposits chemosynthetic habitats that encircle globe along mid-ocean ridges, volcanic arcs, hotspots is driven by volcanism. style, magnitude, depth, frequency eruptions create a wide range physical, chemical, biological on seafloor. Research exploration over past 30 years have revealed some diversity their impact undersea environment. ▪ Submarine are simultaneously most common least observed form Earth. Hydrostatic pressure at vent depth modulates explosive versus effusive eruption eruptive behavior. significant marine communities fluxes to Resilience fauna events also variable, recovery dynamics can be slow with many or decades required for reform.

Language: Английский

Submarine Volcanic Eruptions and Their Impacts on Hydrothermal Systems and Biological Communities DOI
Rebecca Carey, D. A. Butterfield,

Malcolm R. Clark

et al.

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 397 - 423

Published: May 30, 2025

More than 70% of Earth's magmatic output occurs in the ocean. This volcanism shapes major features seafloor, directly impacts chemical composition oceans through water/rock interactions, and drives hydrothermal circulation seawater. The formation seafloor mineral deposits chemosynthetic habitats that encircle globe along mid-ocean ridges, volcanic arcs, hotspots is driven by volcanism. style, magnitude, depth, frequency eruptions create a wide range physical, chemical, biological on seafloor. Research exploration over past 30 years have revealed some diversity their impact undersea environment. ▪ Submarine are simultaneously most common least observed form Earth. Hydrostatic pressure at vent depth modulates explosive versus effusive eruption eruptive behavior. significant marine communities fluxes to Resilience fauna events also variable, recovery dynamics can be slow with many or decades required for reform.

Language: Английский

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