
Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3623 - 3634
Published: March 27, 2025
Abstract. The January 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai (HT) eruption injected sulfur dioxide and unprecedented amounts of water vapour (WV) into the stratosphere. Given manifold impacts previous volcanic eruptions, full implications these emissions are a topic active research. This study explores dynamical perturbed upper-atmospheric composition using an ensemble simulation with Earth system model SOCOLv4. simulations replicate observed anomalies in stratospheric lower-mesospheric chemical reveal novel pathway linking water-rich eruptions to surface climate anomalies. We show that early 2023 excess WV caused significant negative tropical upper-stratospheric mesospheric ozone temperature, forcing atmospheric circulation response particularly affected Northern Hemisphere polar vortex (PV). decreased temperature gradient leads weakening PV, which propagates downward similarly sudden warmings (SSWs) drives via stratosphere–troposphere coupling. These results underscore potential HT create favorable conditions for SSWs subsequent winters as long near-stratopause cooling effect persists. Our findings highlight complex interactions between activity dynamics offer crucial insights future modelling attribution.
Language: Английский