Rainfall, air temperature, and reference evapotranspiration variability and trend and their implication for agroforestry development in the Lake Tana sub-basin of Ethiopia
Abstract
This
study
investigated
the
variability
and
trends
of
precipitation
(P),
air
temperature,
reference
evapotranspiration
(ET0)
in
Lake
Tana
sub-basin
Ethiopia
from
1980
to
2023,
assessing
their
implications
for
water
resources,
agriculture,
forestry
development.
The
sub-basin,
a
crucial
ecological
socio-economic
zone
within
Upper
Blue
Nile
Basin,
is
increasingly
vulnerable
climate
change
impacts.
Using
long-term
monthly
data
five
sources,
including
MSWX-Past,
MERRA-2,
ERA-5,
CRUTS4.06,
TerraClimate,
spatiotemporal
were
analyzed.
Penman-Monteith
(FAO56)
method
was
employed
estimate
ET0,
statistical
techniques,
trend
linear
regression,
CV,
standardized
anomaly,
used
assess
variability.
Results
indicate
significant
increasing
annual
Kiremt
(June-September)
rainfall,
while
Belg
(February-May)
Bega
(October-January)
seasons
showed
non-significant
decreasing
trends.
Air
temperatures
exhibited
significantly
trends,
with
highest
March.
ET0
values
higher
northern
part
during
season.
Rainfall
low
but
moderate
high
Bega,
indicating
unpredictability
drier
seasons.
also
examined
climatic
balance
which
seasonal
Increased
rainfall
rising
temperature
&
pose
challenges
sustainable
resource
management.
Enhanced
monitoring,
integrated
management,
climate-resilient
practices
are
mitigating
impacts
Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 6, 2025
Language: Английский