Annual Research Review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science – from characterization to cause

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 64(4), P. 506 - 532

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

The science of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is motivated by a translational goal – the discovery and exploitation knowledge about nature ADHD to benefit those individuals whose lives it affects. Over past fifty years, scientific research has made enormous strides in characterizing condition understanding its correlates causes. However, translation these insights into clinical benefits been limited. In this review, we provide selective focused survey field ADHD, providing our personal perspectives on what constitutes consensus, important new leads be highlighted, key outstanding questions addressed going forward. We cover two broad domains characterization and, risk factors, causal processes neuro‐biological pathways . Part one focuses developmental course co‐occurring characteristics conditions, functional impact living with including impairment, quality life, stigma. part two, explore genetic environmental influences putative mediating brain processes. final section, reflect future construct light cross‐cutting themes recent conceptual reformulations that cast traits as broader spectrum neurodivergence.

Language: Английский

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Epigenetics and ADHD: Reflections on Current Knowledge, Research Priorities and Translational Potential

Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 581 - 606

Published: Aug. 6, 2022

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and debilitating neurodevelopmental influenced by both genetic environmental factors, typically identified in the school-age years but hypothesized to have developmental origins beginning utero. To improve current strategies for prediction, prevention treatment, central challenge delineate how, at molecular level, influences jointly shape ADHD risk, phenotypic presentation, course. Epigenetic processes that regulate gene expression, such as DNA methylation, emerged promising system search biomarkers mechanisms address this challenge. In Current Opinion, we discuss relevance of epigenetics (specifically methylation) research clinical practice, starting with state knowledge, what challenges yet overcome, future may hold terms methylation-based applications personalized medicine ADHD. We conclude field still its infancy, potential transformative translational remains distant goal. Nevertheless, rapid methodological advances, together rise collaborative science increased availability high-quality, longitudinal data make thriving area contribute development new tools improved management, treatment

Language: Английский

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Higher-order adaptive dynamical system modeling of the role of epigenetics in anxiety disorders

Cognitive Systems Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 101177 - 101177

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

In this paper, a fifth-order adaptive self-modelling network model is introduced to describe epigenetic involvement in the development of anxiety disorders and its regulation by possible epigenetics-based therapeutic method. Multiple orders adaptivity are used depict process, where higher pathway any order adapts characteristics pathways lower acts as form control. These their interlevel interaction were modelled higher-order dynamical system according modelling principle. The was inspired structure relevant human biological neurological processes. addition an disorder, also possibility therapy suggested computationally analyzed paper.

Language: Английский

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An adaptive network model for AI-assisted monitoring and management of neonatal respiratory distress

Cognitive Systems Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 86, P. 101231 - 101231

Published: March 16, 2024

This article presents the use of second-order adaptive network models hospital teams consisting doctors and nurses, interacting together. A variety scenarios are modelled simulated, in relation with respiratory distress a neonate, along integration an AI-Coach for monitoring support such organizational learning. The research highlights benefits introducing virtual setting. practical application setting revolves around medical team responsible managing neonates distress. In this act as additional member, to ensure correct execution procedure. Through simulation experiments, demonstrate that not only aids maintaining procedure but also facilitates learning, leading significant improvements adherence error reduction during neonatal care.

Language: Английский

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Using Multilevel Temporal Factorisation to Analyse Structure and Dynamics for Higher-Order Adaptive and Evolutionary Processes

Lecture notes in computer science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 378 - 392

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Modeling Multiple Orders of Adaptivity from a Higher-Order Adaptive Dynamical System Perspective

Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Role and Importance of Neuroinflammation in Biopsychiatry

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 20, 2025

Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response that affects the central nervous system. This process involves activation of immune cells like microglia and astrocytes, as well production chemicals cytokines chemokines. can be caused by a variety circumstances, including trauma, infection, autoimmune illnesses, environmental factors, any stress scenario, neurodegenerative diseases. thought to connected with psychiatric disorders. These illnesses include depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder. Research in biological neuropsychiatry assist establishing future treatment options demonstrating how neuroinflammation contributes illness. book chapter explains major contributor mental this topic significant study therapy.

Language: Английский

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Cognitive Enhancement and Brain Plasticity in Mental Health

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 20, 2025

Abstract Mental health and well-being are inextricably linked to cognitive functioning. Alterations in specific processes such as attentional control, working memory, executive function have been associated with a number of traditional diagnostic categories. In addition, interventions improve these increasingly being targeted methods for amelioration mental illness symptoms. These vary the extent which their development is explicitly informed by research on neuroplasticity. This chapter reviews select featuring enhancement including behavioral interventions, neuromodulation techniques, exogenous agents, highlighting common disorders that harness neuroplasticity alleviate symptoms through enhancement. It also considers diverse conceptualizations illness, dimensional transdiagnostic frameworks, importance individual differences treatment outcomes. Finally, light diversity both approaches enhancement, this calls further translational expand our understanding strengthen strategies adaptive more generally.

Language: Английский

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A Multi-order Adaptive Network Model for Pathways of DNA Methylation and Its Effects in Individuals Developing Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Studies in computational intelligence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 421 - 434

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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