Matching, behavioral economics, and teleological behaviorism: Final cause analysis of substance use and health behavior

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(1), P. 240 - 258

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

Howard Rachlin and his contemporaries pioneered basic behavioral science innovations that have been usefully applied to advance understanding of human substance use disorder related health behaviors. We briefly summarize the molar behaviorism (the matching law), economics, teleological behaviorism. Behavioral economics behaviorism's focus on final causes are especially illuminating for these fields. Translational research summarized laboratory studies temporal discounting economic demand, cohort alcohol other drug in natural environment, experimental modeling behavior-related public policies. argue perspective behavior is conducive merges seamlessly with contemporary socioecological model behavior, which broadens contextual influences (e.g., community, economic, infrastructure, care access policy) individuals' risk Basic-to-applied translations date successful bode well continued applications areas by contemporaries.

Language: Английский

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Reliability and validity of behavioral‐economic measures: A review and synthesis of discounting and demand

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(2), P. 263 - 280

Published: May 29, 2023

This review sought to synthesize the literature on reliability and validity of behavioral-economic measures demand discounting in human research, introduce research methodologies for studying addictive behaviors, discuss gaps current literature, areas future research. A total 34 studies was included this review. The showed similar responding regardless whether hypothetical or actual outcomes were used, though people tended discount outcome presented first more steeply, suggesting order effects. Although delay-discounting seem show temporal stability, exceptions found probability- experiential-discounting tasks. also demonstrated type; however, some indices exceptions. Randomized price sequences modest increases O

Language: Английский

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Contextual and psychosocial factors influencing drug reward in humans: The importance of non-drug reinforcement

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 241, P. 173802 - 173802

Published: June 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Modular Maximization Theory: A Functional Account of Economic Behavior in Laboratory Animal Models with Applications to Drug-Seeking Behavior

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 106010 - 106010

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Using behavioral economics to optimize safer undergraduate late‐night transportation

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

Abstract Many universities sponsor student‐oriented transit services that could reduce alcohol‐induced risks but only if adequately anticipate and adapt to student needs. Human choice data offer an optimal foundation for planning executing late‐night services. In this simulated experiment, respondents opted either (a) wait escalating delay a free university‐sponsored “safe” option, (b) pay fee on‐demand rideshare service, or (c) pick free, immediately available “unsafe” option (e.g., ride with alcohol‐impaired driver). Behavioral‐economic nonlinear models of averaged‐choice describe preference across arrangements. Best‐fit metrics indicate adequate sensitivity contextual factors (i.e., time, preceding activity). At short delays, students preferred the option. As delays extend beyond 30 min, most competing alternatives. These depict policy‐relevant threshold better safeguard undergraduate safety.

Language: Английский

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Behavioral economic relationship between cannabis and cigarettes: Evidence from hypothetical purchase tasks

International Journal of Drug Policy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 112, P. 103951 - 103951

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Language: Английский

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Behavioral economic analysis of legal and illegal cannabis demand in Spanish young adults with hazardous and non-hazardous cannabis use

Addictive Behaviors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 149, P. 107878 - 107878

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

In October 2021, a legal framework that regulates cannabis for recreational purposes in Spain was proposed, but research on its potential impacts use is currently limited. This study examined the reliability and discriminant validity of two Marijuana Purchase Tasks (MPTs) measuring hypothetical illegal demand, to examine differences demand both commodities young adults at hazardous vs. non-hazardous risk levels.A total 171 Spanish [Mage = 19.82 (SD 1.81)] with past-month participated cross-sectional from September November 2021. Two 27-item MPTs were used estimate independently. The Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test (CUDIT-R) assess test MPTs. Reliability analyses conducted using Classical Theory (Cronbach's alpha) Item Response (Item Information Functions).The MPT reliable (α 0.94) 0.90) demand. Breakpoint (price which ceases), Pmax associated maximum expenditure) most sensitive indicators discriminate participants different levels reinforcing trait. No significant between whole sample observed, users showed higher decreased if vs illegal.The exhibits robust psychometric may be useful inform regulatory science Spain.

Language: Английский

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Effect of nicotine expectancy and nicotine dose reduction on cigarette demand, withdrawal alleviation, and puff topography

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 111042 - 111042

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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