Multidimensional Personality Changes Following Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: Results From a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 182(1), P. 114 - 125

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Evidence suggests that psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) leads to durable shifts in personality structure. However, such changes have yet be characterized disorders of addiction. In this secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial, the authors examined effect PAT on dimensions patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), hypothesizing would attenuate abnormalities AUD and reductions trait impulsiveness associated lower drinking.

Language: Английский

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Reducing Stigma and Enhancing Care for People Who Use Alcohol

Journal of Health Service Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Diversity and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)

Nature Reviews Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(8), P. 483 - 495

Published: June 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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New approaches to deep phenotyping in addictions.

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(3), P. 361 - 375

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

The causes of substance use disorders (SUDs) are largely unknown and the effectiveness their treatments is limited. One crucial impediment to research treatment progress surrounds how SUDs classified diagnosed. Given substantial heterogeneity among individuals diagnosed with a given SUD (e.g., alcohol disorder [AUD]), identifying novel targets developing new study designs daunting.

Language: Английский

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Evidence-Based Assessment of Substance Use Disorder

Assessment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. 168 - 190

Published: June 15, 2023

The current review describes updated information on the evidence-based assessment of substance use disorder. We offer an overview state science for substance-related targets, instruments (screening, diagnosis, outcome and treatment monitoring, psychosocial functioning wellbeing) processes (relational technical) as well recommendations each these three components. encourage assessors to reflect their own biases, beliefs, values, including how those relate people that substances, view individual a whole person. It is important consider person’s profile symptoms inclusive strengths, comorbidities, social cultural determinants. Collaborating with patient select target best fits goals integration in holistic manner critical. conclude by providing instruments, comprehensive disorder assessment, describe future directions research.

Language: Английский

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Development of a Cohesive Predictive Model for Substance Use Disorder Rehabilitation Using Passive Digital Biomarkers, Psychological Assessments, and Automated Facial Emotion Recognition (Preprint)

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Substance Use Disorder (SUD) involves excessive substance consumption and persistent reward-seeking behaviors, leading to serious physical, cognitive, social consequences. This disorder is a global health crisis tied increased mortality, unemployment, reduced quality of life. Altered brain connectivity, circadian rhythms, dopaminergic pathways contribute sleep disorders, anxiety, stress, which worsen SUD severity relapse. Factors like trauma socioeconomic disadvantages heighten risk. Digital technologies, including wearables machine learning, show promise for diagnosis, monitoring, intervention, from relapse prediction early detection comorbidities. With high rates younger patient cases, these innovations could enhance treatment outcomes SUD. Develop validate predictive model with Machine Learning the duration therapy rehabilitation or in patients SUD, using digital physiological measurements, psychological profile, automatic facial emotion recognition emotional state during craving. study will be conducted adult male at center control volunteers. Participants undergo demographic, craving assessment, also monitored smartwatch eighteen six months respectively. All participants reassessed sixth month monitoring. The collected data then used train models neural network, validated against other compared algorithms. Demographic, psychological, biomarkers profiles created, correlations analyzed, they controls, generate phenotype When achieves an adequate validity (AUC=≥0.80) graphic user interface designed clinical use. integration accessible wearables, routine recovery data, assessments by enabling personalized reducing risks. approach, leveraging affordable technology, addresses public challenges supports reintegration, particularly economically vulnerable populations. Accessible commercial smartwatches, combined psychologic, demographic learning model, may able as tools preventing

Language: Английский

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Understanding alcohol use and alcohol use disorders from a developmental psychopathology perspective: Research advances, challenges, and future directions

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 15

Published: April 24, 2024

Abstract As part of the special issue Development and Psychopathology honoring remarkable contributions Dr Dante Cicchetti, current paper attempts to describe recent that a developmental psychopathology perspective has made in understanding development alcohol use alcohol-related problems over lifespan. The also identifies some future challenges research directions. Because scope this task far exceeds confines journal length article does not attempt comprehensive review. Rather, it builds on an earlier review commentary was published 2013, with similar goal.)Building work updating its conclusions suggestions for directions, emphasizes findings from areas were identified further study 2013 have been since time.

Language: Английский

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“General Addiction Liability” Revisited

Clinical Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 25, 2024

Although substance use disorders are widely known to be influenced by myriad etiologic factors, recent research promotes the notion that liability toward addiction broadly construed can described a single, unitary dimension we term general liability. Here, revisit concept of placing it at greater theoretical and empirical risk. To do so, used data from two epidemiologic samples (ns 262-8552) employed varied quantitative methods examine associations between alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, opioid disorders. We did not find strong evidence for Nevertheless, consequence-based features (e.g., social/interpersonal harm, hazardous use) tended form cross-substance connections. contextualize our findings in broader literature on offer several explanations why others arrive competing conclusions with respect robustness nature

Language: Английский

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Reconstructing Psychopathology: A Data-Driven Reorganization of the Symptoms in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Clinical Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

In this study, we reduced the fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Mental Disorders ( DSM-5) to its constituent symptoms reorganized them based on patterns covariation in individuals’ N = 14,762) self-reported experiences form an empirically derived hierarchical framework clinical phenomena. Specifically, used points agreement among principal components analyses clustering as well between randomly split primary n 11,762) hold-out 3,000) samples identify robust constructs that emerged a hierarchy ranging from syndromes up very broad superspectra psychopathology. The resulting model had noteworthy convergence with upper levels Hierarchical Taxonomy Psychopathology (HiTOP) substantially expands HiTOP’s current coverage dissociative, elimination, sleep–wake, trauma-related, neurodevelopmental, neurocognitive disorder symptoms. We also mapped some exemplar DSM-5 disorders onto our hierarchy; formed coherent syndromes, whereas others were notably heterogeneous.

Language: Английский

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Alcohol use disorder conceptualizations and diagnoses reflect their sociopolitical context

Addiction Research & Theory, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(5), P. 307 - 312

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

The present paper highlights how alcohol use disorder (AUD) conceptualizations and resulting diagnostic criteria have evolved over time in correspondence with interconnected sociopolitical influences the United States. We highlight four illustrative examples of DSM-defined alcoholism, abuse/dependence, AUD been influenced by factors. In doing so, we emphasize importance recognizing understanding such factors application diagnoses. Last, offer a roadmap to direct process future efforts toward improved diagnosis AUD, an emphasis on pursuing falsifiability, acknowledging researchers' assumptions about human behavior, collaborating across subfields. Such that center numerous mechanisms functions rather than signs or symptoms, potential minimize development maximize treatment utility

Language: Английский

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