Working memory needs pointers

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Perceptual encoding benefit of visual memorability on visual memory formation

Cognition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 105810 - 105810

Published: May 11, 2024

Human observers often exhibit remarkable consistency in remembering specific visual details, such as certain face images. This phenomenon is commonly attributed to memorability, a collection of stimulus attributes that enhance the long-term retention information. However, exact contributions memorability memory formation remain elusive these effects could emerge anywhere from early perceptual encoding post-perceptual consolidation processes. To clarify this, we tested three key predictions hypothesis facilitates supports short-term (VSTM) and (VLTM). First, examined whether benefits VSTM manifest early, even within constraints brief presentation (100-200 ms; Experiment 1). We achieved this by manipulating duration change detection task using images with high- or low-memorability while ensuring they were equally familiar participants. Second, assessed benefit increases likelihood retention, post-stimulus masking designed interrupt processes (Experiment 2). Last, investigated durability intervals seconds 24 h 3). Across experiments, our data suggest has an impact on formation, persisting across variable predicting subsequent VLTM overnight. Combined, findings highlight enhances 100-200 ms following onset, resulting robust traces resistant interruption forgetting.

Language: Английский

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The role of recollection, familiarity, and the hippocampus in episodic and working memory

Neuropsychologia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 193, P. 108777 - 108777

Published: Dec. 22, 2023

The hippocampus plays an essential role in long-term episodic memory by supporting the recollection of contextual details, whereas surrounding regions such as perirhinal cortex support familiarity-based recognition discriminations. Working - ability to maintain information over very brief periods time is traditionally thought rely heavily on frontoparietal attention networks, but recent work has shown that it can also hippocampus. However, conditions which becomes involved working tasks are unclear and whether contributes or responses only beginning be explored. In current paper, we first review contrast existing amnesia literature examining familiarity memory. results indicate contribute both memory, particularly critical for rather than recollection-based discrimination. Moreover, obscured due 'criterion-induced process-masking' because primarily supports intermediate-confidence decisions. We then report from a new study amnesics detect global local changes novel complex objects (i.e., fribbles), indicates especially when task requires detection discrete changes. conclude considering light neurocomputational models proposing general framework understanding relationship between

Language: Английский

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The late positive event-related potential component is time locked to the decision in recognition memory tasks

Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176, P. 194 - 208

Published: May 21, 2024

Two event-related potential (ERP) components are commonly observed in recognition memory tasks: the Frontal Negativity (FN400) and Late Positive Component (LPC). These widely interpreted as neural correlates of familiarity recollection, respectively. However, interpretation LPC effects is complicated by inconsistent results regarding timing ERP amplitude differences. There also mixed findings how amplitudes covary with decision confidence. Critically, have almost always been measured using fixed time windows relative to probe stimulus onset, yet it has not determined whether locked or decision. To investigate this, we analysed a large (n=132) existing dataset recorded during tasks old/new decisions followed post-decisional confidence ratings. We used deconvolution disentangle contributions (defined differences between hits correct rejections) that were either vocal response. identified left-lateralised parietal effect was response rather than onset. isolated response-locked, midline correlate influenced measures at left electrodes. Our demonstrate that, contrary widespread assumptions, best response-locked ERPs. By extension, distributions across conditions interest may lead substantial measurement biases when analysing stimulus-locked highlight important confounding factors further complicate recollection. recommend future studies adopt our analytic approach better isolate their sensitivity manipulations tasks.

Language: Английский

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Not all objects are created equal: the object benefit in visual working memory is supported by greater recollection-like memory, but only for memorable objects

Published: March 3, 2023

Visual working memory is thought to have a fixed capacity limit. However, recent evidence suggests that greater number of real-world objects than simple features (i.e., colors) can be maintained, an effect termed the object benefit. Here, we examined whether this benefit in visual due qualitatively different processes employed for meaningful stimuli compared features. In online samples young adults, were better remembered colors, had higher measures recollection, and showed proportion high-confidence responses (Exp. 1). Objects also their scrambled counterparts 2), suggesting related semantic information, rather complexity. Critically, specific likely with high confidence highly correlated across experiments, consistent idea some are more memorable others. performance least-memorable was worse colors objects. These findings suggest give rise recollective, or at least high-confidence, retrieval may depend on activation features, but limited certain

Language: Английский

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A spatially continuous diffusion model of visual working memory

Cognitive Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 101595 - 101595

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Language: Английский

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Not all objects are created equal: The object benefit in visual working memory is supported by greater recollection-like memory, but only for memorable objects

Memory & Cognition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Recollection and familiarity support auditory working memory in a manner analogous to visual working memory

Cognition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 105987 - 105987

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Perceptual encoding benefit of visual memorability on visual memory formation

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Human observers often exhibit remarkable consistency in remembering specific visual details, such as certain face images. This phenomenon is commonly attributed to memorability, a collection of stimulus attributes that enhance the long-term retention information. However, exact contributions memorability memory formation remain elusive these effects could emerge anywhere from early perceptual encoding post-perceptual consolidation processes. To clarify this, we tested three key predictions hypothesis facilitates supports short-term (VSTM) and (VLTM). First, examined whether benefits VSTM manifest early, even within constraints brief presentation (100–200 ms; Experiment 1). We achieved this by manipulating duration change detection task using images with high- or low-memorability while ensuring they were equally familiar participants. Second, assessed benefit increases likelihood retention, post-stimulus masking designed interrupt processes (Experiment 2). Last, investigated durability intervals seconds 24 hours 3). Across experiments, our data suggest has an impact on formation, persisting across variable predicting subsequent VLTM overnight. Combined, findings highlight enhances 100–200 ms following onset, resulting robust traces resistant interruption forgetting.

Language: Английский

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Zooming in on what counts as core and auxiliary: A case study on recognition models of visual working memory

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 17, 2024

Abstract Research on best practices in theory assessment highlights that testing theories is challenging because they inherit a new set of assumptions as soon are linked to specific methodology. In this article, we integrate and build work by demonstrating the breadth these challenges. We show tracking auxiliary difficult made at different stages multiple levels theory. focus issues reanalysis seminal study its replications, both which use simple working-memory paradigm mainstream computational modeling approach. These studies provide main evidence for “all-or-none” recognition models visual working memory still used basis how measure performance popular tasks. our reanalysis, find core practical were unchecked violated; original model comparison metrics data not diagnostic several experiments. Furthermore, matched “theory general” assumptions, meaning tested was restricted, theoretical scope. After identifying conditions, opposite conclusion. That is, continuous resource outperform all-or-none models. Together, demonstrates why remains fundamental challenge, even prominent led careful, computationally minded researchers. Our also serves conceptual guide identify test gamut assessment, discuss ideas context contemporary approaches scientific discovery.

Language: Английский

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