On the (un)reliability of common behavioral and electrophysiological measures from the stop signal task: Measures of inhibition lack stability over time. DOI Open Access
Christina Thunberg, Thea Wiker, Carsten Bundt

et al.

Published: Sept. 24, 2023

Response inhibition, the intentional stopping of planned or initiated actions, is often considered a key facet control, impulsivity, and self-regulation. The stop signal task argued to be purest inhibition we have, it thus central much work investigating role in areas like development psychopathology. Most this quantifies behavior by calculating reaction time as measure individual latency. Individual difference studies aiming investigate why how latencies differ between people do under assumption that indexes stable, dispositional trait. However, empirical support for lacking, common measures control tend show low test-retest reliability appear unstable over time. reasons could methodological, where stability driven measurement noise, substantive, larger influence state-like situational factors. To this, characterized split-half range behavioral electrophysiological derived from task. Across three independent studies, different modalities, systematic review literature, found pattern temporal higher manifest non-inhibitory processing. This not explained noise internal consistency. Consequently, response appears have mostly determinants, there little validity conceptualizing reflecting stable traits.

Language: Английский

On the (un)reliability of common behavioral and electrophysiological measures from the stop signal task: Measures of inhibition lack stability over time DOI Creative Commons
Christina Thunberg, Thea Wiker, Carsten Bundt

et al.

Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 175, P. 81 - 105

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Response inhibition, the intentional stopping of planned or initiated actions, is often considered a key facet control, impulsivity, and self-regulation. The stop signal task argued to be purest inhibition we have, it thus central much work investigating role in areas like development psychopathology. Most this quantifies behavior by calculating reaction time as measure individual latency. Individual difference studies aiming investigate why how latencies differ between people do under assumption that indexes stable, dispositional trait. However, empirical support for lacking, common measures control tend show low test-retest reliability appear unstable over time. reasons could methodological, where stability driven measurement noise, substantive, larger influence state-like situational factors. To this, characterized split-half range behavioral electrophysiological derived from task. Across three independent studies, different modalities, systematic review literature, found pattern temporal higher manifest non-inhibitory processing. This not explained noise internal consistency. Consequently, response appears have mostly determinants, there little validity conceptualizing reflecting stable traits.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Latent state–trait and latent growth curve modeling of inhibitory control. DOI
Kaja Faßbender,

Inga Meyhöfer,

Ulrich Ettinger

et al.

Journal of Experimental Psychology General, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 152(5), P. 1396 - 1419

Published: March 13, 2023

The reliability of inhibitory control task performance as well the existence an underlying unitary construct have been questioned. present study is first to use a trait and state decomposition approach formally quantify examine its hierarchical structure. N = 150 participants carried out antisaccade, Eriksen flanker, go/nogo, Simon, stop-signal, Stroop tasks on three occasions. By applying latent state-trait modeling growth-curve modeling, was estimated divided into amount variance explained by effects changes (consistency) situational Situation × Person interaction (occasion specificity). Mean reaction times for all revealed excellent reliabilities (.89-.99). Importantly, average, 82% accounted consistency while specificity rather small. Although primary variables lower (.51-.85), majority again determined. Trait were observed most strongest when comparing occasion later ones. In addition, in some variables, those improvements particularly high initially underperforming subjects. An analysis inhibition level showed that communality between low. We conclude are mainly affected stable effects, but there only little evidence common, at level. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, rights reserved).

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Neural Correlates of Proactive and Reactive Control Investigated Using a Novel Precued Antisaccade Paradigm DOI Open Access
Stefan Duschek,

Paulina Piwkowski,

Thomas Rainer

et al.

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 62(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

This ERP study investigated the neural correlates of proactive and reactive control using a novel precued antisaccade paradigm. Proactive refers to preparatory processes during anticipation behaviorally relevant event; is activated after such an event ensure goal attainment. A 64-channel EEG was obtained in 35 healthy subjects; video-based eye tracking applied for ocular recording. In task, target (probe) appeared left or right fixation point 1800 ms central cue; subjects had look toward probe (prosaccade) its mirror image position (antisaccade). Probes were positive, negative neutral face expressions, with their frame colors instructing task requirements. The cue informed about probability (70% vs. 30%) each trial. High associated larger CNV amplitude than low probability. trials incongruence between expected actual requirements, N2 P3a amplitudes congruent trials. incongruent trials, smaller positive probes. Task accuracy speed lower varied according affective valence. source imaging suggested origin ERPs be orbitofrontal cortex superior frontal gyrus. effect on indicates greater cortical activity higher demands. Larger reflect resource allocation conflict monitoring resolution, i.e., control. influence valence suggests reduced processing capacity due information.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Individual differences in attention control: A meta-analysis and re-analysis of latent variable studies DOI
Nash Unsworth, Ashley L. Miller, Deanna L. Strayer

et al.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 20, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Emotions under control? Better cognitive control is associated with reduced negative emotionality but increased negative emotional reactivity within individuals. DOI Creative Commons
Levente Rónai, Flóra Hann, Szabolcs Kéri

et al.

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 104462 - 104462

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Associations between impaired cognitive control and maladaptive emotion regulation have been extensively studied individuals. However, it remains unclear if this relationship holds within In study, we tested the assumption that momentary within-person fluctuation in (working memory updating response inhibition) is associated with emotional reactivity everyday life. We conducted an experience sampling study (eight two-hourly prompts daily) where participants repeatedly performed short 2-back Go/no-go tasks daily assessed negative positive affective states, unpleasantness of a recent event to capture reactivity. analyzed two overlapping samples: dataset (N = 161/158). Our results showed better working was decreased affect on average unpleasant for given individual. better-than-average interaction higher event-unpleasantness predicted levels (i.e., reactivity). These findings may challenge account being universally related adaptive regulation. Although unlikely boosts memory, future studies should establish direction causality.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Action stopping DOI
Jan R. Wessel

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 184 - 205

Published: Nov. 15, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Emotions under control? Better cognitive control predicts reduced negative emotionality but increased negative emotional reactivity within individuals DOI Open Access
Levente Rónai, Flóra Hann, Szabolcs Kéri

et al.

Published: March 27, 2023

Associations between impaired cognitive control and maladaptive emotion regulation have been extensively studied individuals. However, it remains unclear if this relationship holds within In study, we tested the assumption that momentary within-person fluctuation in (working memory updating response inhibition) is associated with emotional reactivity everyday life. We conducted an experience sampling study (eight two-hourly prompts daily) where participants repeatedly performed short 2-back Go/no-go tasks daily assessed negative positive affective states, unpleasantness of a recent event to capture reactivity. analyzed two overlapping samples: dataset (N = 161/158). Our results showed better working was decreased affect on average unpleasant for given individual. better-than-average interaction higher event-unpleasantness predicted levels (i.e., reactivity). These findings may challenge account being universally related adaptive regulation. Although unlikely boosts memory, future studies should establish direction causality.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Action stopping DOI
Jan R. Wessel

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Imagine yourself carrying out an everyday behavior that you have performed hundreds or even thousands of times, like standing at a traffic light, getting ready to cross the street. Now imagine your usually appropriate – walking on green is suddenly rendered highly dangerous by unusual circumstances, car speeding towards crosswalk not slowing down. In scenarios these, humans can rely upon remarkable ability stop their actions, after initiation. Underlying this such prepotent actions inhibitory control. Once already-initiated movement recognized as (or no longer) appropriate, control processes intercept and action. This chapter provides introductory overview purported neural mechanisms underlying motor during action-stopping in human brain discusses current state basic knowledge field.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Beyond Unity and Diversity: Tasks Used to Assess Attentional Control Measure Task-Specific Processes DOI Open Access
Alodie Rey-Mermet

Published: May 17, 2024

Attentional control – also referred to as cognitive or executive functions is defined our ability supervise and thoughts actions in order achieve goals. So far, attentional has been conceptualized either a unitary construct heterogeneous with diverse (sub-)constructs. Irrespective of the conceptualizations, one common assumption that its (sub-)constructs can be measured different tasks. That is, it not necessary all tasks measure same attentional-control process, but at least two should process. However, recent research questioned this using three lines research. The first line used an experimental approach, second investigated impact age, third correlational approach. Until now, these have considered apart. In review, I integrate them, coming conclusion assess task-specific processes. closing, address consequences conclusion. particular, emphasize necessity (1) stop generalizing results beyond specific task study (2) explain group individual differences.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Within-subject reliability, occasion specificity, and validity of fluctuations of the Stroop and go/no-go tasks in ecological momentary assessment DOI Creative Commons
Justin Hachenberger, Axel Mayer,

Denny Kerkhoff

et al.

Behavior Research Methods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(1)

Published: Dec. 28, 2024

Abstract Following the (revised) latent state–trait theory, present study investigates within-subject reliability, occasion specificity, common consistency, and construct validity of cognitive control measures in an intensive longitudinal design. These indices were calculated applying dynamic structural equation modeling while accounting for autoregressive effects trait change. In two studies, participants completed tasks (Stroop go/no-go) answered questions about goal pursuit, self-control, executive functions, situational aspects, multiple times per day. The sample (aged 18–30 years both studies) consisted 21 (14 female) pilot 70 (48 main study. Findings indicated poor reliability Stroop task error rate reaction time difference between congruent incongruent trials moderate to good go/no-go time. Occasion specificity—the systematic variance accounted by state residuals—was at a modest level (between 1.4% 11.1%) difference, 16.1% 37.2% time) studies. Common consistency—the variables—was high all investigated scores. Indicative validity, rates correlated positively with each other on within- between-subject level. Within-subject correlations scores subjective self-control very small mostly nonsignificant.

Language: Английский

Citations

0