Emerging Prospects of Exosomes for Cancer Treatment: From Conventional Therapy to Immunotherapy DOI Creative Commons
Gi‐Hoon Nam, Yoonjeong Choi,

Gi Beom Kim

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(51)

Published: Oct. 5, 2020

Abstract Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles around 100 nm in diameter that secreted by most cells and contain various bioactive molecules reflecting their cellular origin mediate intercellular communication. Studies these exosomal features tumor pathogenesis have led to the development therapeutic diagnostic approaches using exosomes for cancer therapy. many advantages conveying agents such as small interfering RNAs, microRNAs, membrane‐associated proteins, chemotherapeutic compounds; thus, they considered prime candidate delivery tool treatment. Since also provide an optimal microenvironment effective function immunomodulatory factors, harboring been bioengineered immunotherapies can effectively activate each stage immunity cycle successfully elicit cancer‐specific immunity. This review discusses treating challenges must be overcome successful clinical development.

Language: Английский

Exosomes: biogenesis, biologic function and clinical potential DOI Creative Commons

Yuan Zhang,

Yunfeng Liu, Haiying Liu

et al.

Cell & Bioscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2019

Exosomes are nano-sized biovesicles released into surrounding body fluids upon fusion of multivesicular bodies and the plasma membrane. They were shown to carry cell-specific cargos proteins, lipids, genetic materials, can be selectively taken up by neighboring or distant cells far from their release, reprogramming recipient bioactive compounds. Therefore, regulated formation exosomes, specific makeup cargo, cell-targeting specificity immense biological interest considering extremely high potential exosomes as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers, well therapeutic nanocarriers. In present review, we outline discuss recent progress in elucidation regulatory mechanisms exosome biogenesis, molecular composition technologies used research. Furthermore, focus on use valuable prognostic biomarkers for cell-lineage state-specific contents, possibilities vehicles drug gene delivery. Exosome research is now its infancy, in-depth understanding subcellular components involved will bring light physiological activities.

Language: Английский

Citations

1682
Advances in oligonucleotide drug delivery DOI Open Access
Thomas C. Roberts, Róbert Langer, Matthew J. A. Wood

et al.

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(10), P. 673 - 694

Published: Aug. 11, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

1541
RNA delivery by extracellular vesicles in mammalian cells and its applications DOI Open Access
Killian P. O’Brien, Koen Breyne, Stefano Ughetto

et al.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(10), P. 585 - 606

Published: May 26, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

1434
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: Toward Cell-Free Therapeutic Strategies in Regenerative Medicine DOI Open Access
Francisco J. Vizoso, Noemí Eiró,

Sandra Cid

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. 1852 - 1852

Published: Aug. 25, 2017

Earlier research primarily attributed the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies to their capacity for local engrafting and differentiating into multiple tissue types. However, recent studies have revealed that implanted cells do not survive long, benefits MSC therapy could be due vast array bioactive factors they produce, which play an important role in regulation key biologic processes. Secretome derivatives, such as conditioned media or exosomes, may present considerable advantages over manufacturing, storage, handling, product shelf life potential a ready-to-go product. Nevertheless, regulatory requirements manufacturing quality control will necessary establish safety efficacy profile these products. Among MSCs, human uterine cervical (hUCESCs) good candidate obtaining secretome-derived hUCESCs are obtained by Pap smear, is less invasive painful method than those used other MSCs (for example, from bone marrow adipose tissue). Moreover, easy isolation high proliferative rate, it possible obtain large amounts products clinical use.

Language: Английский

Citations

1083
<p>Exosome: A Review of Its Classification, Isolation Techniques, Storage, Diagnostic and Targeted Therapy Applications</p> DOI Creative Commons
Yi Zhang,

Jia-Yao Bi,

Jiayi Huang

et al.

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: Volume 15, P. 6917 - 6934

Published: Sept. 1, 2020

Exosomes are nano-sized small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, carrying nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and other bioactive substances to play a role in the body's physiological pathological processes. Compared synthetic carriers such as liposomes nanoparticles, endogeneity heterogeneity of exosomes give them extensive unique advantages field disease diagnosis treatment. However, storage stability, low yield, purity, weak targeting limit its clinical application. For this reason, further exploration is needed optimize above problems facilitate future functional studies exosomes. In paper, origin, classification, preparation characterization, stability applications exosome delivery system summarized discussed searching large number literatures.

Language: Английский

Citations

956
Surface functionalized exosomes as targeted drug delivery vehicles for cerebral ischemia therapy DOI
Tian Tian, Huixin Zhang,

Chunpeng He

et al.

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 137 - 149

Published: Oct. 8, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

949
Advances in therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles DOI Open Access
Oscar P. B. Wiklander, Meadhbh Á. Brennan, Jan Lötvall

et al.

Science Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(492)

Published: May 15, 2019

Understanding extracellular vesicle biology and production will pave the way for a new type of biotherapeutic.

Language: Английский

Citations

808
High‐resolution proteomic and lipidomic analysis of exosomes and microvesicles from different cell sources DOI Creative Commons
Reka A. Haraszti,

Marie-Cécile Didiot,

Ellen Sapp

et al.

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles (MVs), are explored for use in diagnostics, therapeutics drug delivery. However, little is known about the relationship of protein lipid composition EVs their source cells. Here, we report high-resolution lipidomic proteomic analyses MVs derived by differential ultracentrifugation from 3 different cell types: U87 glioblastoma cells, Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem (MSCs). We identified 3,532 proteins 1,961 species screen. Exosomes differed several areas: (a) The patterns were more likely origin than MVs; (b) proteomes similar to each other but MSC exosomes, whereas lipidomes exosomes; (c) exhibited extracellular matrix, heparin-binding, receptors, immune response adhesion functions, enriched endoplasmic reticulum, proteasome mitochondrial proteins. also types contents. Enrichment glycolipids free fatty acids characterized enrichment ceramides sphingomyelins MVs. Furthermore, specifically cardiolipins; sphingomyelins. This study comprehensively types.

Language: Английский

Citations

625
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a new therapeutic strategy for liver diseases DOI Creative Commons
Guohua Lou, Zhi Chen, Min Zheng

et al.

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 49(6), P. e346 - e346

Published: June 1, 2017

The administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a therapy for liver disease holds great promise. MSCs can differentiate into hepatocytes, reduce inflammation, promote hepatic regeneration and secrete protective cytokines. However, the risks iatrogenic tumor formation, cellular rejection infusional toxicity in MSC transplantation remain unresolved. Accumulating evidence now suggests that novel cell-free therapy, MSC-secreted exosomes, might constitute compelling alternative because their advantages over corresponding MSCs. They are smaller less complex than parent and, thus, easier to produce store, they devoid viable cells, present no risk formation. Moreover, immunogenic lower content membrane-bound proteins. This paper reviews biogenesis exosomes physiological functions, highlights specific biochemical potential MSC-derived restoring tissue homeostasis. In addition, we summarize recent advances role various diseases, including fibrosis, acute injury hepatocellular carcinoma. also discusses challenges strategies use exosome-based therapies future. Tiny vesicles secreted by adult could help treat fibrosis cancer. Mesenchymal (MSCs), which be derived from bone marrow, cord blood or other sources, have ability but form tumors rejected immune system, raising safety concerns. review article, Yanning Liu colleagues Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China, discuss how administering small known released offers safer assisting following disease. researchers data mouse models showing therapeutic properties exosomes. further steps needed, such better standardization, allow human clinical trials proceed.

Language: Английский

Citations

515
Exosomes and Exosome-Inspired Vesicles for Targeted Drug Delivery DOI Creative Commons
Sophia G. Antimisiaris, Spyridon Mourtas, Antonia Marazioti

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 218 - 218

Published: Nov. 6, 2018

The similarities between exosomes and liposomes, together with the high organotropism of several types exosomes, have recently prompted development engineered-exosomes or exosome-mimetics, which may be artificial (liposomal) cell-derived vesicles, as advanced platforms for targeted drug delivery. Here, we provide current state-of-the-art using exosome exosome-inspired systems We review various approaches investigated shortcomings each approach. Finally challenges been identified to date in this field are summarized.

Language: Английский

Citations

490