GABAergic Interneurons in the Neocortex: From Cellular Properties to Circuits

Neuron, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 91(2), P. 260 - 292

Published: July 1, 2016

Language: Английский

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Fast-spiking, parvalbumin ⁺ GABAergic interneurons: From cellular design to microcircuit function

Science, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 345(6196)

Published: July 31, 2014

The success story of fast-spiking, parvalbumin-positive (PV(+)) GABAergic interneurons (GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid) in the mammalian central nervous system is noteworthy. In 1995, properties these were completely unknown. Twenty years later, thanks to massive use subcellular patch-clamp techniques, simultaneous multiple-cell recording, optogenetics, vivo measurements, and computational approaches, our knowledge about PV(+) became more extensive than for several types pyramidal neurons. These findings have implications beyond "small world" basic research on cells. For example, results provide a first proof principle that neuroscientists might be able close gaps between molecular, cellular, network, behavioral levels, representing one main challenges at present time. Furthermore, may form basis as therapeutic targets brain disease future. However, much needs learned function before clinical will purposes.

Language: Английский

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Excitatory/Inhibitory Balance and Circuit Homeostasis in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Neuron, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 87(4), P. 684 - 698

Published: Aug. 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Inferring synaptic excitation/inhibition balance from field potentials

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 158, P. 70 - 78

Published: July 1, 2017

Language: Английский

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Norepinephrine ignites local hotspots of neuronal excitation: How arousal amplifies selectivity in perception and memory

Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 39

Published: July 1, 2015

Abstract Emotional arousal enhances perception and memory of high-priority information but impairs processing other information. Here, we propose that, under arousal, local glutamate levels signal the current strength a representation interact with norepinephrine (NE) to enhance high priority representations out-compete or suppress lower representations. In our "glutamate amplifies noradrenergic effects" (GANE) model, at site prioritized increases NE release from locus coeruleus (LC) generate “NE hotspots.” At these hotspots, are mutually enhancing amplify activation contrast, arousal-induced LC activity inhibits less active via two mechanisms: 1) Where there lateral inhibition is amplified; 2) no hotspots emerge, only enough activate low-threshold inhibitory adrenoreceptors. Thus, promotes few excitation in context widespread suppression, while suppressing rest. Hotspots also help synchronize oscillations across neural ensembles transmitting Furthermore, brain structures that detect stimulus phasic preferentially route such through large-scale functional networks. A surge before, during, after encoding synaptic plasticity triggering protein synthesis processes selective consolidation. Together, mechanisms promote attention arousal. GANE not reconciles apparently contradictory findings emotion-cognition literature extends previous influential theories neuromodulation by proposing specific for how LC-NE gain.

Language: Английский

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PV Interneurons: Critical Regulators of E/I Balance for Prefrontal Cortex-Dependent Behavior and Psychiatric Disorders

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 16, 2018

Elucidating the prefrontal cortical microcircuit has been challenging, given its role in multiple complex behaviors, including working memory, cognitive flexibility, attention, social interaction, and emotional regulation. Additionally, previous methodological limitations made it difficult to parse out contribution of certain neuronal subpopulations refining representations. However, growing evidence supports a fundamental fast-spiking parvalbumin (PV) GABAergic interneurons regulating pyramidal neuron activity drive appropriate behavioral responses. Further, their function is heavily diminished PFC numerous psychiatric diseases, schizophrenia autism. Previous research demonstrated importance optimal balance excitation inhibition (E/I) circuits maintaining efficiency information processing. Although we are still unraveling mechanisms representation cortex (PFC), E/I seems be crucial, as pharmacological, chemogenetic, optogenetic approaches for disrupting induce impairments range PFC-dependent behaviors. In this review, will explore two key hypotheses. First, PV powerful regulators PFC, help optimize processing supramodal PFC. Second, diminishing sufficient generate an elaborate symptom sequelae corresponding those observed diseases. Then, using framework, speculate on whether circuitry could represent platform development therapeutic interventions disorders function.

Language: Английский

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Efficient codes and balanced networks

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. 375 - 382

Published: Feb. 23, 2016

Language: Английский

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Plasticity of Cortical Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 195 - 219

Published: April 21, 2015

Synapses are highly plastic and modified by changes in patterns of neural activity or sensory experience. Plasticity cortical excitatory synapses is thought to be important for learning memory, leading alterations representations cognitive maps. However, these must coordinated across other within local circuits preserve coding schemes the organization inhibitory inputs, i.e., excitatory-inhibitory balance. Recent studies indicate that also controlled directly a large number neuromodulators, particularly during episodes learning. Many modulators transiently alter balance decreasing inhibition, thus disinhibition has emerged as major mechanism which neuromodulation might enable long-term synaptic modifications naturally. This review examines relationships between plasticity, focusing on induction collectively enhance improving perception behavior.

Language: Английский

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Disinhibition, a Circuit Mechanism for Associative Learning and Memory

Neuron, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 88(2), P. 264 - 276

Published: Oct. 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Parallel processing by cortical inhibition enables context-dependent behavior

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 62 - 71

Published: Oct. 31, 2016

Language: Английский

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