Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
141(46), P. 18370 - 18374
Published: Sept. 30, 2019
Induction
of
protein
degradation
is
emerging
as
a
powerful
strategy
to
modulate
functions
and
alter
cellular
signaling
pathways.
Proteolysis-targeting
chimeras
(PROTACs)
have
been
used
degrade
range
diverse
proteins
in
vitro
vivo.
Here
we
present
type
photo-caged
PROTACs
(pc-PROTACs)
induce
activity
with
light.
Photo-removable
blocking
groups
were
added
degrader
Brd4,
the
resulting
molecule
pc-PROTAC1
showed
potent
live
cells
only
after
light
irradiation.
Furthermore,
this
efficiently
degraded
Brd4
induced
expected
phenotypic
changes
zebrafish.
Additionally,
approach
was
successfully
applied
construct
pc-PROTAC3
BTK.
Thus,
general
established
augment
chemists'
toolbox
study
disease-relevant
targets.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
4(1)
Published: Dec. 24, 2019
Although
many
kinds
of
therapies
are
applied
in
the
clinic,
drug-resistance
is
a
major
and
unavoidable
problem.
Another
disturbing
statistic
limited
number
drug
targets,
which
presently
only
20-25%
all
protein
targets
that
currently
being
studied.
Moreover,
focus
current
explorations
their
enzymatic
functions,
ignores
functions
from
scaffold
moiety.
As
promising
appealing
technology,
PROteolysis
TArgeting
Chimeras
(PROTACs)
have
attracted
great
attention
both
academia
industry
for
finding
available
approaches
to
solve
above
problems.
PROTACs
regulate
function
by
degrading
target
proteins
instead
inhibiting
them,
providing
more
sensitivity
drug-resistant
greater
chance
affect
nonenzymatic
functions.
been
proven
show
better
selectivity
compared
classic
inhibitors.
can
be
described
as
chemical
knockdown
approach
with
rapidity
reversibility,
presents
new
different
biology
other
gene
editing
tools
avoiding
misinterpretations
arise
potential
genetic
compensation
and/or
spontaneous
mutations.
PRTOACs
widely
explored
throughout
world
outperformed
not
cancer
diseases,
but
also
immune
disorders,
viral
infections
neurodegenerative
diseases.
present
very
powerful
crossing
hurdles
discovery
tool
development
biology,
efforts
needed
gain
get
deeper
insight
into
efficacy
safety
clinic.
More
binders
E3
ligases
applicable
developing
waiting
exploration.
In
historical
attempts
to
treat
morning
sickness,
use
of
the
drug
thalidomide
led
birth
thousands
children
with
severe
defects.
Despite
their
teratogenicity,
and
related
IMiD
drugs
are
now
a
mainstay
cancer
treatment;
however,
molecular
basis
underlying
pleiotropic
biology
characteristic
defects
remains
unknown.
Here
we
show
that
IMiDs
disrupt
broad
transcriptional
network
through
induced
degradation
several
C2H2
zinc
finger
transcription
factors,
including
SALL4,
member
spalt-like
family
developmental
factors.
Strikingly,
heterozygous
loss
function
mutations
in
SALL4
result
human
condition
phenocopies
thalidomide-induced
such
as
absence
thumbs,
phocomelia,
ear
eye
development,
congenital
heart
disease.
We
find
induces
exclusively
humans,
primates,
rabbits,
but
not
rodents
or
fish,
providing
mechanistic
link
for
species-specific
pathogenesis
syndrome.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
51(12), P. 5214 - 5236
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Proteolysis-targeting
chimeras
(PROTACs)
are
heterobifunctional
molecules
consisting
of
one
ligand
that
binds
to
a
protein
interest
(POI)
and
another
can
recruit
an
E3
ubiquitin
ligase.
The
chemically-induced
proximity
between
the
POI
ligase
results
in
ubiquitination
subsequent
degradation
by
ubiquitin-proteasome
system
(UPS).
event-driven
mechanism
action
(MOA)
PROTACs
offers
several
advantages
compared
traditional
occupancy-driven
small
molecule
inhibitors,
such
as
catalytic
nature,
reduced
dosing
frequency,
more
potent
longer-lasting
effect,
added
layer
selectivity
reduce
potential
toxicity,
efficacy
face
drug-resistance
mechanisms,
targeting
nonenzymatic
functions,
expanded
target
space.
Here,
we
highlight
important
milestones
briefly
discuss
lessons
learned
about
targeted
(TPD)
recent
years
conjecture
on
efforts
still
needed
expand
toolbox
for
PROTAC
discovery
ultimately
provide
promising
therapeutics.
Science,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
362(6414)
Published: Nov. 1, 2018
Thalidomide-targeted
degradation
Thalidomide
and
its
analogs
improve
the
survival
of
patients
with
multiple
myeloma
other
blood
cancers.
Previous
work
showed
that
drugs
bind
to
E3
ubiquitin
ligase
Cereblon,
which
then
targets
for
two
specific
zinc
finger
(ZF)
transcription
factors
a
role
in
cancer
development.
Sievers
et
al.
found
more
ZF
proteins
than
anticipated
are
destabilized
by
thalidomide
analogs.
A
proof-of-concept
experiment
revealed
chemical
modifications
can
lead
selective
proteins.
The
detailed
information
provided
structural,
biochemical,
computational
analyses
could
guide
development
target
implicated
human
disease.
Science
,
this
issue
p.
eaat0572
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
115(31)
Published: July 16, 2018
Proteolysis
targeting
chimeras
(PROTACs)
are
heterobifunctional
small
molecules
that
simultaneously
bind
to
a
target
protein
and
an
E3
ligase,
thereby
leading
ubiquitination
subsequent
degradation
of
the
target.
They
present
exciting
opportunity
modulate
proteins
in
manner
independent
enzymatic
or
signaling
activity.
As
such,
they
have
recently
emerged
as
attractive
mechanism
explore
previously
"undruggable"
targets.
Despite
this
interest,
fundamental
questions
remain
regarding
parameters
most
critical
for
achieving
potency
selectivity.
Here
we
employ
series
biochemical
cellular
techniques
investigate
requirements
efficient
knockdown
Bruton's
tyrosine
kinase
(BTK),
nonreceptor
essential
B
cell
maturation.
Members
11-compound
PROTAC
library
were
investigated
their
ability
form
binary
ternary
complexes
with
BTK
cereblon
(CRBN,
ligase
component).
Results
extended
measure
effects
on
BTK-CRBN
cooperative
interactions
well
vitro
vivo
degradation.
Our
data
show
alleviation
steric
clashes
between
CRBN
by
modulating
linker
length
within
chemical
allows
potent
absence
thermodynamic
cooperativity.