Extraordinarily rapid speciation in a marine fish

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 114(23), P. 6074 - 6079

Published: May 22, 2017

Significance Divergent selection can lead to the evolution of distinct species, a process known as ecological speciation. Evidence for speciation in marine environment is scarce, and few examples have happened within time frame hundreds thousands millions years. We present evidence that European flounders Baltic Sea exhibiting different breeding behaviors are species pair arising from recent event The two lineages diverged less than 3,000 generations. This fastest ever reported any vertebrate. Extraordinarily rapid driven by natural therefore happen even environment.

Language: Английский

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Identifying hybridization and admixture using SNPs: application of the DArTseq platform in phylogeographic research on vertebrates

Royal Society Open Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 4(7), P. 161061 - 161061

Published: July 1, 2017

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches are increasingly being used to generate multi-locus data for phylogeographic and evolutionary genetics research. We detail the applicability of a restriction enzyme-mediated genome complexity reduction approach with subsequent NGS (DArTseq) in vertebrate study systems at different geographical scales. present two case studies using SNP from DArTseq molecular marker platform. First, we large agamid lizard Ctenophorus caudicinctus , including 91 individuals spanning range this species across arid Australia. A low-density assay resulted 28 960 SNPs, low density referring comparably reduced set identified sequenced markers as cost-effective approach. Second, applied an classic frog hybrid zone ( Litoria ewingii–Litoria paraewingi ) 93 individuals, which 48 117 67 060 SNPs low- high-density assay, respectively. provide docker-based workflow facilitate preparation analysis, then analyse multiple methods Bayesian model-based clustering conditional likelihood approaches. Based on comparison results platform traditional approaches, conclude that can be successfully vertebrates will particular interest researchers working interface between population phylogenetics, exploring boundaries, gene exchange hybridization.

Language: Английский

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The effects of male age, sperm age and mating history on ejaculate senescence

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 33(7), P. 1267 - 1279

Published: Feb. 13, 2019

Abstract In polyandrous species, a male’s reproductive success depends on his ability to fertilize females, which, in turn, mating and produce competitive ejaculates. many sperm traits differ between old young males ways that are likely decrease the competitiveness fertility of older males. This age–ejaculate quality relationship is attributed male ageing (i.e., senescence). natural setting, age history usually confounded: have mated replenished their supplies more often, so they made greater lifetime effort. principle, costs reproduction, independent any causal effect age, could generate an age‐related decline ejaculate quality. To date, only handful studies determined how effort or interaction affect Here, we experimentally manipulated long‐term 209 adult mosquitofish ( Gambusia holbrooki ) over 14 weeks N = 1,118 samples). Males either had direct access females mate freely, visual olfactory females. We documented history, (3, 9 post‐maturation) velocity, reserves rate replenishment. For additionally examined effects because when less (or more) often than younger there will be correlation mean age. Sexually active produced fewer at lower rate, velocity prevented from mating. Though sperm, replenishment was also tested for difference recently (<24 hr) post‐meiotic There no evidence affects extent senescence, but swam faster sperm. Crucially, complex interactions evident with respect number proportion replenished. These results suggest interact determine under competition. They reveal both should controlled measuring intrinsic senescence if goal isolate solely attributable chronological A plain language summary available this article.

Language: Английский

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Causes and Consequences of Genital Evolution

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 56(4), P. 741 - 751

Published: Sept. 6, 2016

The study of genital diversity has experienced rapidly burgeoning attention over the past few decades. This research shown that male genitalia in internally fertilizing animals exhibit remarkably rapid and complex evolution. In recent years, a consensus emerged sexual selection is responsible for much observed diversity, with natural largely playing subsidiary role. Despite enhanced understanding key proximate forms evolution, we still have poor grasp broader, ultimate causes consequences striking genitalia. Here, highlight three topics so far received comparatively little yet could prove critically important. First, encourage investigation ecology's direct indirect roles diversification, as ecological variation can influence on several ways, perhaps especially by influencing context selection. Second, need more into effects divergence speciation, differences enhance reproductive isolation through either lock-and-key process (where directly favors isolation) or an incidental by-product divergence. Third, echo calls increased female genitalia, non-trivial exists, multiple mechanisms lead to diversification For all topics, review theory empirical data, describe specific approaches tackling these questions. We hope this work provides roadmap toward conspicuous primary traits, thus new insights evolution traits phenotypic speciation.

Language: Английский

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Sexual conflict and sexually dimorphic cognition—reviewing their relationship in poeciliid fishes

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 72(4)

Published: April 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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Paternity analysis reveals sexual selection on cognitive performance in mosquitofish

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Are sexually selected traits affected by a poor environment early in life?

BMC Evolutionary Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2016

Challenging conditions experienced early in life, such as a restricted diet, can detrimentally affect key life-history traits. Individuals reduce these costs by delaying their sexual maturation, albeit at the price of later onset breeding, to eventually reach same adult size individuals that grow up benevolent environment. Delayed maturation can, however, still lead other detrimental morphological and physiological changes become apparent adulthood (e.g. shorter lifespan, faster senescence). In general, research focuses on naturally selected poor diet. mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), males with limited food intake life delay similar body well-fed counterparts ('catch-up growth'). Here we tested whether diet is costly due reduced expression sexually male characters, namely genital ejaculate traits.We found male's significantly influenced his sperm reserves replenishment rate. Shortly after had lower slower rates than control males, but this dietary difference was no longer detectable older males.Although well fed juveniles ameliorate some start our findings suggest might arise because selection against males. It should be noted, observed effects are modest (Hedges' g = 0.20-0.36), assumption production translates into decline fitness under competition remains unconfirmed.

Language: Английский

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Experimental evidence for sexual selection against inbred males

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 86(2), P. 394 - 404

Published: Dec. 15, 2016

The detrimental effects of matings between relatives are well known. However, few studies determine the extent to which inbreeding depression in males is due natural or sexual selection. Importantly, measuring fitness key components, rather than phenotypic traits allows more accurate estimation depression. We investigate how differences and juvenile diet (i.e. early stressful environment) influence a component male fitness, namely their reproductive success. experimentally created inbred outbred mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) by mating full-sibs (f = 0·25). show that this led 23% reduction genome-wide heterozygosity based on SNPs. Males were raised different diets life create high-stress low-stress rearing environments. then allowed adult compete freely for females test if inbreeding, interaction affect male's share paternity. Early had no effect paternity, but sired almost twice as many offspring (n 628 from 122 potential sires). Using artificial insemination methods we determined was unlikely be embryo mortality eggs fertilised males: there evidence status affects realised fecundity 288). Given difference our competitive experiment, lower success can most parsimoniously attributed negatively affecting sexually selected and/or sperm competitiveness. discuss might involved.

Language: Английский

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Controlling for body size leads to inferential biases in the biological sciences

Evolution Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 73 - 82

Published: Dec. 20, 2019

Many traits correlate with body size. Studies that seek to uncover the ecological factors drive evolutionary responses in typically examine these relative associated changes size using multiple regression analysis. However, it is not well appreciated presence of strongly correlated variables, partial (i.e., relative) coefficients often change sign compared original coefficients. Such reversals are difficult interpret a biologically meaningful way, and could lead erroneous inferences if true mechanism underlying reversal differed from proposed mechanism. Here, we use simulations demonstrate occurs over wide range parameter values common biological sciences. Further, as case-in-point, review literature on brain evolution; field explores how relate evolution (brain size). We find most studies show thus many this may be inconclusive. Finally, propose some approaches mitigating issue.

Language: Английский

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Sexual selection on male body size, genital length and heterozygosity: Consistency across habitats and social settings

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 86(6), P. 1458 - 1468

Published: Aug. 17, 2017

Spatial and temporal variation in environmental factors the social setting can help to maintain genetic sexually selected traits if it affects strength of directional selection. A key parameter which intensity of, sometimes predicts response to, mating competition is operational sex ratio (OSR; receptive males females). How OSR selection for specific male poorly understood. It also unclear how sexual affected by interactions between factors, such as habitat complexity, that alter male-female mate encounter rates. Here, we experimentally manipulated complexity quantified on mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) directly measuring reproductive success (i.e. paternity). We show despite a more equitable sharing paternity higher levels multiple paternity) under male-biased OSR, focal was unaffected or complexity. Instead, consistently, significantly, favoured smaller bodied males, with genome wide heterozygosity (based >3,000 SNP markers) relatively long gonopodium (intromittent organ). Our results body size, relative genital size this system consistent across environments vary ecological parameters are expected influence

Language: Английский

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