Impulsivity, Compulsivity, and Top-Down Cognitive Control

Neuron, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 69(4), P. 680 - 694

Published: Feb. 1, 2011

Language: Английский

---

A selective role for dopamine in stimulus–reward learning

Nature, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 469(7328), P. 53 - 57

Published: Dec. 8, 2010

Language: Английский

---

Go and no-go learning in reward and punishment: Interactions between affect and effect

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 62(1), P. 154 - 166

Published: April 21, 2012

Decision-making invokes two fundamental axes of control: affect or valence, spanning reward and punishment, effect action, invigoration inhibition. We studied the acquisition instrumental responding in healthy human volunteers a task which we orthogonalized action requirements outcome valence. Subjects were much more successful learning active choices rewarded conditions, passive punished conditions. Using computational reinforcement-learning models, teased apart contributions from putatively Pavlovian components generation observed asymmetry during learning. Moreover, using model-based fMRI, showed that BOLD signals striatum substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA) correlated with instrumentally learnt values, but opposite signs for go no-go choices. Finally, depends on engagement bilateral inferior frontal gyrus. Our behavioral data is contingent overcoming inherent plastic biases, while our neuronal this linked to unique patterns brain activity regions implicated inhibition respectively.

Language: Английский

---

Quantifying Individual Variation in the Propensity to Attribute Incentive Salience to Reward Cues

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 7(6), P. e38987 - e38987

Published: June 22, 2012

If reward-associated cues acquire the properties of incentive stimuli they can come to powerfully control behavior, and potentially promote maladaptive behavior. Pavlovian are defined as that have three fundamental properties: attractive, themselves desired, spur instrumental actions. We found, however, there is considerable individual variation in extent which animals attribute motivational ("incentive salience") reward cues. The purpose this paper was develop criteria for identifying classifying individuals based on their propensity salience To do this, we conducted a meta-analysis large sample rats (N = 1,878) subjected classic conditioning procedure. then used approach cue predictive (one index attributed with salience), characterize two behavioral phenotypes population: approached ("sign-trackers") vs. others location delivery ("goal-trackers"). This behavior predicted other indices Thus, procedures reported here should be useful making comparisons across studies assessing attribution small samples population, or even single animals.

Language: Английский

---

A Cocaine Cue Acts as an Incentive Stimulus in Some but not Others: Implications for Addiction

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 67(8), P. 730 - 736

Published: Jan. 5, 2010

Language: Английский

---

On the motivational properties of reward cues: Individual differences

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 76, P. 450 - 459

Published: June 7, 2013

Language: Английский

---

Neural substrates of cue reactivity: association with treatment outcomes and relapse

Addiction Biology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 3 - 22

Published: Oct. 4, 2015

Abstract Given the strong evidence for neurological alterations at basis of drug dependence, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) represents an important tool in clinical neuroscience addiction. fMRI cue‐reactivity paradigms represent ideal platform to probe involvement neurobiological pathways subserving reward/motivation system addiction and potentially offer a translational mechanism by which interventions behavioral predictions can be tested. Thus, this review summarizes research that has applied study adult substance use disorder treatment responses. Studies utilizing prediction relapse as means investigate psychosocial pharmacological effects on cue‐elicited brain activation are presented within four primary categories substances: alcohol, nicotine, cocaine opioids. Lastly, suggestions how leverage technology advance science development provided.

Language: Английский

---

Hitchhiker’s Guide to Voltammetry: Acute and Chronic Electrodes for in Vivo Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8(2), P. 221 - 234

Published: Jan. 27, 2017

Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) has been used for over 20 years to study rapid neurotransmission in awake and behaving animals. These experiments were first carried out with carbon-fiber microelectrodes (CFMs) encased borosilicate glass, which can be inserted into the brain through micromanipulators guide cannulas. More recently, chronically implantable CFMs constructed small diameter fused-silica have introduced. electrodes affixed minimal tissue response, permits longitudinal measurements of single recording locations during behavior. Both electrode designs make novel discoveries fields neurobiology, behavioral neuroscience, psychopharmacology. The purpose this Review is address important considerations use FSCV neurotransmitters animals, a focus on striatal dopamine. Common issues concerning experimental design, data collection, calibration are addressed. When necessary, differences between two methodologies (acute vs chronic recordings) discussed. topics raised particularly as field moves beyond dopamine toward new neurochemicals regions.

Language: Английский

---

DNA methylation regulates associative reward learning

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 1445 - 1452

Published: Aug. 25, 2013

Language: Английский

---

Understanding Addiction Using Animal Models

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 29, 2019

Drug addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder with grave personal consequences that has extraordinary global economic impact. Despite decades of research, the options available to treat are often ineffective because our rudimentary understanding drug-induced pathology in brain circuits and synaptic physiology inhibits rational design successful therapies. This will arise first from animal models were experimentation at level molecular biology possible. We review most common preclinical addictive behavior, discuss advantages disadvantages each. includes non-contingent which animals passively exposed rewarding substances, as well widely used contingent such drug self-administration relapse. For latter, we elaborate on different ways mimicking craving relapse, include using acute stress, administration or exposure cues previously paired self-administration. further describe paradigms where taking challenged by alternative rewards, appetitive foods social interaction. In an attempt better model individual vulnerability abuse characterizes human addiction, field also established behaviors ranked various criteria use presence negative consequences. Separation more vulnerable according these criteria, along other innate predispositions including goal- sign-tracking, sensation-seeking behavior impulsivity, genetic susceptibilities develop relapse vulnerability. examine current behavioral addictions gambling, included DSM-5, exercise, mentioned DSM-5 but not yet due insufficient peer-reviewed evidence. Finally, after reviewing face validity aforementioned models, consider standardized tests pharmaceutical companies assess potential during clinical trials.

Language: Английский

---