Surviving the Immediate Aftermath of a Disaster: A Preliminary Investigation of Adolescents’ Acute Stress Reactions and Mental Health Needs after the 2023 Turkey Earthquakes DOI Creative Commons
Gökçe Yağmur Efendi, Rahime Duygu Temeltürk, Işık Batuhan Çakmak

et al.

Children, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 1485 - 1485

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

On 6 February, southeastern Turkey and parts of Syria were struck by two powerful earthquakes, one measuring a magnitude 7.8 the other, nine hours later, at 7.5. These earthquakes have been recorded as some deadliest natural disasters worldwide since 2010 Haiti earthquake, impacting around 14 million people in Turkey. For trauma survivors, stressors associated with an event can lead to development acute stress disorder (ASD) or other psychiatric disorders. Trauma experiences during adolescence impact affect adolescents differently than adults. Although ASD adults has addressed several studies, there is much less information available about how younger populations respond stress. The aim our study was assess occurrence among individuals seeking help Şanlıurfa Mehmet Akif İnan Research Training Hospital Child Adolescent Outpatient Clinic following 2023 Earthquakes factors reactions. A child adolescent psychiatry specialist conducted interviews adolescents, also asked complete 'The National Stressful Events Survey Acute Stress Disorder Short Scale' (NSESSS) evaluate symptoms. diagnoses established according Diagnostic Statistical Manual Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Results showed that 81.6% participants (n = 49) diagnosed ASD, drug treatment initiated 61.7% cases 37). It determined rates did not differ gender, patients without physical injury had higher symptom scores (p > 0.05). According logistic regression models, paternal educational levels adolescents' own requests for assistance predictors (OR 10.1, β 2.31, p 0.006 OR 16.9, 95 2.83, 0.001, respectively). Our findings revealed striking results demonstrating need careful evaluation terms pay close attention complaints willing seek mental health assistance. Moreover, suggests proportion experiencing symptoms after might be previously reported. Estimation incidence rate distress short-term period disaster important establishing epidemiology implementing efficient relief efforts early stages. outcomes this potential yield novel insights into realms emergency response policies, well their pragmatic implementations.

Language: Английский

International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci DOI Creative Commons
Caroline M. Nievergelt, Adam X. Maihofer, Torsten Klengel

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Oct. 8, 2019

The risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma is heritable, but robust common variants have yet to be identified. In a multi-ethnic cohort including over 30,000 PTSD cases and 170,000 controls we conduct genome-wide association study PTSD. We demonstrate SNP-based heritability estimates 5-20%, varying by sex. Three significant loci are identified, 2 in European 1 African-ancestry analyses. Analyses stratified sex implicate 3 additional men. Along with other novel genes non-coding RNAs, Parkinson's disease gene involved dopamine regulation, PARK2, associated Finally, that polygenic for significantly predictive re-experiencing symptoms the Million Veteran Program dataset, although specific did not replicate. These results role genetic variation biology highlight necessity conducting sex-stratified analyses expanding GWAS beyond ancestry populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

542
The Neurobiology and Pharmacotherapy of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder DOI Open Access
Chadi G. Abdallah, Lynnette A. Averill, Teddy J. Akiki

et al.

The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 59(1), P. 171 - 189

Published: Sept. 16, 2018

New approaches to the neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are needed address reported crisis in PTSD drug development. These new may require field move beyond a narrow fear-based perspective, as medications have not yet demonstrated compelling efficacy. Antidepressants, particularly recent rapid-acting antidepressants, exert complex effects on brain function and structure that build novel aspects biology PTSD, including role for stress-related synaptic dysconnectivity treatment PTSD. Here, we integrate this perspective within broader framework-in other words, dual pathology model ( a) loss arising from amino acid-based b) gain related monoamine-based pathology. Then, summarize standard experimental (e.g., ketamine) pharmacotherapeutic options discuss their putative mechanism action clinical

Language: Английский

Citations

150
Intranasal Oxytocin to Prevent Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Emergency Department Patients DOI Open Access
Mirjam van Zuiden, Jessie L. Frijling, Laura Nawijn

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 81(12), P. 1030 - 1040

Published: Dec. 8, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

125
Pathophysiological Bases of Comorbidity: Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder DOI
Gary B. Kaplan, Kimberly A. Leite‐Morris, Lei Wang

et al.

Journal of Neurotrauma, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 210 - 225

Published: Oct. 11, 2017

The high rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnoses encountered in recent years by the United States Veterans Affairs Healthcare System have increased public awareness research investigation into these conditions. In this review, we analyze neural mechanisms underlying TBI/PTSD comorbidity. TBI PTSD present with common neuropsychiatric symptoms including anxiety, irritability, insomnia, personality changes, memory problems, overlap complicates diagnostic differentiation. Interestingly, both can be produced overlapping pathophysiological changes that disrupt connections termed “connectome.” disruptions shared comorbid condition include asymmetrical white matter tract abnormalities gray basolateral amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex. These circuitry dysfunctions result behavioral executive function impairments, fear retention, extinction deficiencies, other disturbances. Pathophysiological etiologies identified using experimental models TBI, such as fluid percussion or blast injuries, for PTSD, conditioning, extinction. there are discernible signs neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative damage. disturbances produce neuronal death degeneration, axonal injury, dendritic spine dysregulation morphology. laboratory studies, various forms pharmacological psychological treatments capable reversing detrimental processes promoting repair, remodeling, neurocircuitry reorganization, resulting cognitive functional enhancements. Based on mechanisms, novel neurorestorative therapeutics anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant agents may promote better outcomes PTSD.

Language: Английский

Citations

120
PTSD as a Public Mental Health Priority DOI
Patricia Watson

Current Psychiatry Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(7)

Published: June 26, 2019

Language: Английский

Citations

112
The Current Evidence for Acute Stress Disorder DOI
Richard A. Bryant

Current Psychiatry Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 20(12)

Published: Oct. 13, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

85
Psilocybin and MDMA for the treatment of trauma-related psychopathology DOI Creative Commons
Catherine Bird, Nadav Liam Modlin, James Rucker

et al.

International Review of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(3), P. 229 - 249

Published: April 3, 2021

This review examines the role of trauma in psychiatric morbidity and analogous psychoneurobiological changes. Trauma is a necessary criterion for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), however, history highly correlated with variety conditions. Some evidence suggests that Major Depressive (MDD) most common condition arises following trauma. Approximately 50% PTSD cases present co-morbid MDD. Overlapping symptomatology neurobiology between these conditions underlie debate over whether phenomena result from problematic nosology or comorbid MDD + distinct phenotype trauma-related psychopathology. Regardless, similar treatment approaches have been employed historically, varying success. The drug-assisted psychotherapy model, which combines pharmacological psychotherapeutic approaches, currently being trialled as novel approach psychiatry. Both psilocybin- 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted received Food Drug Administration 'breakthrough therapy' designation resistant PTSD, respectively. paper reviews therapeutic rationale both psilocybin MDMA treating PTSD.

Language: Английский

Citations

63
The Need to Take a Staging Approach to the Biological Mechanisms of PTSD and its Treatment DOI
Alexander C. McFarlane, Ellie Lawrence‐Wood, Miranda Van Hooff

et al.

Current Psychiatry Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 19(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

80
Acute stress disorder DOI
Richard A. Bryant

Current Opinion in Psychology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 127 - 131

Published: Jan. 18, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

63
Genetic Control of Myelin Plasticity after Chronic Psychosocial Stress DOI Creative Commons
Mikaela A. Laine, Kalevi Trontti, Zuzanna Misiewicz

et al.

eNeuro, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. ENEURO.0166 - 18.2018

Published: July 1, 2018

Anxiety disorders often manifest in genetically susceptible individuals after psychosocial stress, but the mechanisms underlying these gene-environment interactions are largely unknown. We used chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) mouse model to study resilience and susceptibility stress. identified a strong genetic background effect CSDS-induced avoidance (SA) using four inbred strains: 69% of C57BL/6NCrl (B6), 23% BALB/cAnNCrl, 19% 129S2/SvPasCrl, 5% DBA/2NCrl (D2) mice were resilient. Furthermore, different strains responded differently suggesting they use distinct coping strategies. To identify biological pathways affected by CSDS, we RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) three brain regions two strains, B6 D2: medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), ventral hippocampus (vHPC), bed nucleus stria terminalis (BNST). discovered overrepresentation oligodendrocyte (OLG)-related genes differentially expressed gene population. Because OLGs myelinate axons, measured myelin thickness found significant region strain-specific differences. For example, resilient D2 mice, mPFC axons had thinner than controls, whereas controls vHPC. Neither myelin-related expression several other nor corpus callosum differed between stressed control animals. Our unbiased experiment suggests that plasticity is substantial response varies across regions, controlled. Identification regulators will provide mechanistic insight into molecular basis stress-related diseases, such as anxiety disorders, critical step developing targeted therapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

60