Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 25, P. 2515690X2096732 - 2515690X2096732

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Sleep problems are widely prevalent and associated with various comorbidities including anxiety. Valerian ( Valeriana officinalis L.) is a popular herbal medicine used as sleep aid, however the outcomes of previous clinical studies inconsistent. This study was conducted to update re-evaluate available data in order understand reason behind inconsistent provide broader view use valerian for disorders. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library were searched retrieve publications relevant effectiveness treatment A total 60 (n=6,894) included this review, meta-analyses performed evaluate improve subjective quality (10 studies, n=1,065) reduce anxiety (8 n=535). Results suggested that possibly due variable extracts more reliable effects could be expected from whole root/rhizome. In addition, therapeutic benefits optimized when it combined appropriate partners. There no severe adverse events intake subjects aged between 7 80 years. conclusion, safe effective herb promote prevent However, presence multiple active constituents relatively unstable nature some constituents, may necessary revise control processes, standardization methods shelf life.

Language: Английский

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Neurobiology of resilience in depression: immune and vascular insights from human and animal studies

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 183 - 221

Published: Aug. 17, 2019

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic and recurrent psychiatric condition characterized by depressed mood, social isolation anhedonia. It will affect 20% of individuals with considerable economic impacts. Unfortunately, 30-50% are resistant to current antidepressant treatments. MDD twice as prevalent in women associated symptoms different. Depression's main environmental risk factor stress, report higher levels stress daily life. However, not every stressed individual becomes depressed, highlighting the need identify biological determinants vulnerability but also resilience. Based on reverse translational approach, rodent models depression were developed study mechanisms underlying susceptibility vs Indeed, subpopulation animals can display coping set alterations leading The aetiology multifactorial involves several physiological systems. Exacerbation endocrine immune responses from both innate adaptive systems observed mice exhibiting depression-like behaviours. Increasing attention has been given neurovascular health since prevalence cardiovascular diseases found patients inflammatory conditions depression, treatment resistance relapse. Here, we provide an overview endocrine, vascular changes vs. resilience rodents when available, humans. Lack efficacy suggests that neuron-centric treatments do address important causal factors better understanding stress-induced adaptations, including sex differences, could contribute develop novel therapeutic strategies personalized medicine approaches.

Language: Английский

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Gene–environment interplay in the etiology of psychosis

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 48(12), P. 1925 - 1936

Published: Jan. 15, 2018

Abstract Schizophrenia and other types of psychosis incur suffering, high health care costs loss human potential, due to the combination early onset poor response treatment. Our ability prevent or cure depends on knowledge causal mechanisms. Molecular genetic studies show that thousands common rare variants contribute risk for psychosis. Epidemiological have identified many environmental factors associated with increased However, no single factor is sufficient cause its own. The developing increases accumulation exposures multiple adverse factors. Additionally, impact likely factors, through gene–environment interactions. Only a few specific combinations lead been date. An example replicable interaction polymorphism in AKT1 gene makes carriers sensitive regular cannabis use. A synthesis results from twin studies, molecular genetics, epidemiological research outlines contributing interplay between these needs be considered draw complete picture etiology. To reach more explanation can inform preventive strategies, future should focus longitudinal assessments within large, genotyped cohorts beginning life.

Language: Английский

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Systemic inflammation and resting state connectivity of the default mode network

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 162 - 170

Published: Jan. 23, 2017

Language: Английский

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TNF Production and Release from Microglia via Extracellular Vesicles: Impact on Brain Functions

Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 2145 - 2145

Published: Sept. 23, 2020

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine powerfully influencing diverse processes of the central nervous system (CNS) under both physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we analyze current literature describing molecular involved in TNF synthesis release from microglia, resident immune cells CNS main source this brain development neurodegenerative diseases. A special attention has been given to unconventional vesicular pathway TNF, based on emerging role microglia-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) propagation inflammatory signals mediating cell-to-cell communication. Moreover, describe contribution microglial regulating important functions, including neuroinflammatory response following injury, neuronal circuit formation synaptic plasticity, myelin damage repair. Specifically, available data functions mediated by EVs carrying have scrutinized gain insights possible novel therapeutic strategies targeting foster

Language: Английский

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