Statin therapy: does sex matter? DOI
Stephanie S. Faubion, Ekta Kapoor, Ann M. Moyer

et al.

Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 26(12), P. 1425 - 1435

Published: Sept. 11, 2019

Abstract Objective: Statins are a class of drugs that competitively bind to the active site HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, thereby inhibiting initial steps in cholesterol synthesis. Originally approved for use lowering serum cholesterol, risk factor developing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, statins have subsequently been noted myriad extrahepatic effects, including potential effects on cognition, diabetes, breast cancer, bone, muscle. This narrative review assesses current state science regarding risks benefits statin therapy women identify areas where additional research is needed. Methods: Basic clinical studies were identified by searching PubMed with particular attention inclusion female animals, women, randomized controlled trials, sex-specific analyses. Results: Statin generally recommended reduce cardiovascular disease. None guidelines, however, offer recommendations due lack understanding sex differences underlying mechanisms disease processes. In addition, conclusions efficacy treatments do not consider lipid solubility drug, dosing, duration treatment, interactions estrogen, or comorbidities. Pleiotropic often derived from secondary analysis events as primary outcomes. Conclusions: Many trials established safety conducted predominantly entirely men, results extrapolated women. Additional needed guide specific Video Summary: http://links.lww.com/MENO/A462.

Language: Английский

Statin Toxicity DOI Open Access
Natalie C. Ward, Gerald F. Watts,

Robert H. Eckel

et al.

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 124(2), P. 328 - 350

Published: Jan. 17, 2019

There is now overwhelming evidence to support lowering LDL-c (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Statins are a class of drugs frequently prescribed lower cholesterol. However, in spite their wide-spread use, discontinuation nonadherence remains major gap both the primary secondary prevention atherosclerotic disease. The reason for statin because development statin-associated muscle symptoms, but range other statin-induced side effects also exist. Although mechanisms behind these have not been fully elucidated, there an urgent need identify those at increased risk developing as well provide alternative treatment strategies. In this article, we review clinical importance toxicity focus on evaluation management symptoms.

Language: Английский

Citations

610
Adverse effects of statin therapy: perception vs. the evidence – focus on glucose homeostasis, cognitive, renal and hepatic function, haemorrhagic stroke and cataract DOI Creative Commons
François Mach, Kausik K. Ray, Olov Wiklund

et al.

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 39(27), P. 2526 - 2539

Published: March 22, 2018

To objectively appraise evidence for possible adverse effects of long-term statin therapy on glucose homeostasis, cognitive, renal and hepatic function, risk haemorrhagic stroke or cataract.

Language: Английский

Citations

335
Population screening and intervention for vascular disease in Danish men (VIVA): a randomised controlled trial DOI
Jes S. Lindholt, Rikke Søgaard

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 390(10109), P. 2256 - 2265

Published: Aug. 28, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

190
Long-term statins administration exacerbates diabetic nephropathy via ectopic fat deposition in diabetic mice DOI Creative Commons
Tongsheng Huang,

Teng Wu,

Yandi Wu

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2023

Abstract Statins play an important role in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Increasing attention has been given to relationship between statins and insulin resistance, but many randomized controlled trials confirm that therapeutic effects on nephropathy are more beneficial than harmful. However, further confirmation whether chronic statin administration outweigh detrimental is urgently needed. Here, we find long-term may increase interfere with lipid metabolism, leads inflammation fibrosis, ultimately fuel progression mice. Mechanistically, activation insulin-regulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target rapamycin signaling pathway increased fatty acid synthesis. Furthermore, increases uptake inhibits oxidation, leading deposition. Here show exacerbates via ectopic fat deposition

Language: Английский

Citations

58
Association of statins use and genetic susceptibility with incidence of Alzheimer's disease DOI Creative Commons
Zirong Ye,

Jiahe Deng,

Xiuxia Wu

et al.

The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 100025 - 100025

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Statin Treatment-Induced Development of Type 2 Diabetes: From Clinical Evidence to Mechanistic Insights DOI Open Access

Unai Galicia-García,

Shifa Jebari,

Asier Larrea‐Sebal

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(13), P. 4725 - 4725

Published: July 2, 2020

Statins are the gold-standard treatment for prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular disease, which is leading cause mortality worldwide. Despite safety relative tolerability statins, observational studies, clinical trials meta-analyses indicate an increased risk developing new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after long-term statin treatment. It has been shown that statins can impair insulin sensitivity secretion by pancreatic β-cells increase resistance in peripheral tissues. The mechanisms involved these processes include, among others, impaired Ca2+ signaling β-cells, down-regulation GLUT-4 adipocytes compromised signaling. In addition, it also described statins’ impact on epigenetics may contribute to statin-induced T2DM via differential expression microRNAs. This review focuses evidence therapy associated with development T2DM. describes multifactorial combination effects most likely contributes diabetogenic statins. Clinically, findings should encourage clinicians consider monitoring patients receiving order ensure early diagnosis appropriate management.

Language: Английский

Citations

119
Obesity and cardiovascular risk DOI
Vasilios Kotsis, Jens Jordan, Dragan Micić

et al.

Journal of Hypertension, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 36(7), P. 1427 - 1440

Published: April 10, 2018

Obesity is a key factor for cardiovascular diseases and complications. associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia type II diabetes, which are the major predictors of disease in future. It predisposes atrial fibrillation, heart failure, sudden cardiac death, renal ischemic stroke that main causes hospitalization mortality. As obesity effects on vessels start early life, even from childhood, it important health policies to prevent very before manifestation emerge. Key roles prevention strategies increase physical exercise, reduce body weight or treat lipids disorders diabetes earlier efficiently Epidemiology mechanisms obesity-induced will be reviewed role lifestyle modification treatment updated analyzed. The best options people obesity, discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

105
Primary Prevention of ASCVD and T2DM in Patients at Metabolic Risk: An Endocrine Society* Clinical Practice Guideline DOI Open Access
James L. Rosenzweig, George L. Bakris, Lars Berglund

et al.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 104(9), P. 3939 - 3985

Published: July 31, 2019

Abstract Objective To develop clinical practice guidelines for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in individuals at metabolic risk developing these conditions. Conclusions Health care providers should incorporate regular screening identification (at higher ASCVD T2DM) with measurement blood pressure, waist circumference, fasting lipid profile, glucose. Individuals identified undergo 10-year global assessment or coronary heart to determine targets therapy reduction apolipoprotein B–containing lipoproteins. Hypertension be treated outlined this guideline. prediabetes tested least annually progression referred intensive diet physical activity behavioral counseling programs. For T2DM, Writing Committee recommends lifestyle management first priority. Behavioral programs include a heart-healthy dietary pattern sodium restriction, as well an active daily walking, limited sedentary time, structured program activity, if appropriate. excess weight aim loss ≥5% initial body year. Behavior changes supported by comprehensive led trained interventionists reinforced providers. Pharmacological medical can used addition modification when recommended goals are not achieved.

Language: Английский

Citations

85
Statins Are Associated With Increased Insulin Resistance and Secretion DOI Open Access
Fahim Abbasi,

Cindy Lamendola,

Chelsea S. Harris

et al.

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(11), P. 2786 - 2797

Published: Aug. 26, 2021

Statin treatment reduces the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease but is associated with a modest increased type 2 diabetes, especially in those insulin resistance or prediabetes. Our objective was to determine physiological mechanism for diabetes risk.

Language: Английский

Citations

79
Combined Administration of Metformin and Atorvastatin Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Inhibiting Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetic Mice DOI Creative Commons
Weikun Jia, Tao Bai,

Jiang Zeng

et al.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Feb. 16, 2021

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a common complication of diabetes mellitus, may eventually leads to irreversible heart failure. Metformin is the cornerstone therapy, especially for type 2 diabetes. Statins are widely used reduce risk cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed investigate whether combined administration metformin and atorvastatin could achieve superior protective effects on DCM elucidate its molecular mechanism. Here, db/db mice (9–10 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups, including sterile water group (DM), (MET, 200 mg/kg/day), (AVS, 10 combination therapy (MET + AVS). Mice treated with different drugs via gavage once per day 3 months. After months treatment, pathological changes (inflammation, fibrosis, hypertrophy, oxidative stress makers) detected by histopathological techniques, as well Western blotting. The H9C2 cardiomyocytes palmitate (PAL) mimic diabetic condition. cells control group, PAL treatment MET AVS group. cell viability inflammation subjected condition evaluated terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, immunofluorescence staining, Both prevented diabetes-induced inflammation. showed in protecting myocardial tissue against injury. Mechanistically, significantly inhibited expression levels inflammation-related proteins, e.g., NLRP3, caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), P-p65/p65, both cardiac tissues cells. TUNEL assay that attenuated apoptosis cardiomyocytes; decreased level pro-apoptotic-related such cleaved caspase-3 BAX; enhanced anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). Furthermore, remarkably upregulated 5′-AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) SIRT1. Our findings indicated anti-inflammation anti-apoptosis be related activation AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.

Language: Английский

Citations

59