Systems Chronotherapeutics

Pharmacological Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 69(2), P. 161 - 199

Published: March 28, 2017

Chronotherapeutics aim at treating illnesses according to the endogenous biologic rhythms, which moderate xenobiotic metabolism and cellular drug response. The molecular clocks present in individual cells involve approximately fifteen clock genes interconnected regulatory feedback loops. They are coordinated by suprachiasmatic nuclei, a hypothalamic pacemaker, also adjusts circadian rhythms environmental cycles. As result, many mechanisms of diseases effects controlled timing system. Thus, tolerability nearly 500 medications varies up fivefold scheduling, both experimental models and/or patients. Moreover, treatment itself disrupted, maintained, or improved system as function timing. Improved patient outcomes on circadian-based treatments (chronotherapy) have been demonstrated randomized clinical trials, especially for cancer inflammatory diseases. However, recent technological advances highlighted large interpatient differences functions resulting significant variability chronotherapy Such findings advocate advancement personalized chronotherapeutics through interdisciplinary systems approaches. combination mathematical, statistical, technological, experimental, expertise is now shaping development dedicated devices diagnostic delivery algorithms enabling individualization. In particular, multiscale chronopharmacology approaches currently combine mathematical modeling based whole-body physiology preclinical investigations toward design patient-tailored chronotherapies. We review research works aiming individualization disease treatment, with emphasis management system–resetting strategies improving chronic control outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Modelling the spectral sensitivity of the human circadian system

Lighting Research & Technology, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 44(4), P. 386 - 396

Published: Dec. 14, 2011

It is now well established that the spectral, spatial, temporal and absolute sensitivities of human circadian system are very different from those visual system. Although qualitative comparisons between systems can be made, there still remains some uncertainty in quantitatively predicting exactly how will respond to light exposures reaching retina. This paper discusses attempts model spectral sensitivity Each models discussed here varies terms its complexity consideration retinal neuroanatomy neurophysiology. Future testing validate or improve any these computational require a targeted hypothesis, as suitably high level experimental control before one rejected favour another. Until specific hypotheses formulated tested, it would premature recommend international acceptance photometry.

Language: Английский

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Noradrenergic signaling in the wakeful state inhibits microglial surveillance and synaptic plasticity in the mouse visual cortex

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 1782 - 1792

Published: Oct. 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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Automatic Sleep Stage Scoring with Single-Channel EEG Using Convolutional Neural Networks

arXiv (Cornell University), Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

We used convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automatic sleep stage scoring based on single-channel electroencephalography (EEG) to learn task-specific filters classification without using prior domain knowledge. an openly available dataset from 20 healthy young adults evaluation and applied 20-fold cross-validation. class-balanced random sampling within the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization of CNN avoid skewed performance in favor most represented stages. achieved high mean F1-score (81%, range 79-83%), accuracy across individual stages (82%, 80-84%) overall (74%, 71-76%) over all subjects. By analyzing visualizing that our learns, we found rules learned by correspond criteria American Academy Sleep Medicine (AASM) manual human experts follow. Our method's is balanced classes results are comparable state-of-the-art methods with hand-engineered features. show that, knowledge, a can automatically distinguish among different normal

Language: Английский

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The relationship between chronotype and depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 218, P. 93 - 104

Published: April 26, 2017

Language: Английский

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