Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(12)
Published: Dec. 18, 2024
Bladder
cancer
(BC)
is
the
second
most
prevalent
genitourinary
malignancy
worldwide.
Despite
recent
approvals
of
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
and
targeted
therapy
for
muscle
invasive
or
recurrent
BC,
options
remain
limited
patients
with
non-muscle
BC
(NMIBC)
refractory
to
Bacillus
Calmette-Guérin
(BCG)
chemotherapy.
NMIBC
more
frequently
classified
as
a
luminal
subtype,
in
which
increased
PPARγ
activity
key
feature
promoting
tumor
growth
evasion
immunosurveillance.
Cinobufotalin
one
major
compound
bufadienolides,
primary
active
components
toad
venom
that
has
been
utilized
clinical
treatment
cancer.
We
herein
focused
on
cinobufotalin,
examining
its
anticancer
molecular
mechanisms
luminal-type
NMIBC.
Our
results
newly
reveal
cinobufotalin
strongly
suppresses
viability
proliferation
cells
minimal
cytotoxic
effects
normal
uroepithelial
cells,
exhibits
significant
antitumor
RT112
xenograft
model.
Mechanistically,
our
sub-G1-phase
cell
accumulation,
Annexin
V
staining,
caspase-3/8/9
activation,
PARP
activation
analyses
show
induces
apoptosis
cells.
significantly
inhibited
levels
downstream
targets,
well
lipid
droplet
formation
free
fatty
acid
overexpression
rescued
from
cinobufotalin-induced
mitigated
downregulation
FASN
PLIN4.
Finally,
we
seemingly
first
time
promotes
SIAH1/2-mediated
proteasomal
degradation
Together,
these
findings
compellingly
support
idea
could
be
developed
promising
therapeutic
agent
treating
FEBS Letters,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
The
Kelch
protein
superfamily
is
an
evolutionary
conserved
family
containing
63
alternate
coding
members.
split
into
three
subfamilies:
like
(KLHL),
Kelch‐repeat
and
bric‐a‐bracs
(BTB)
domain
(KBTBD)
(KLHDC).
KLHDC
subfamily
one
of
the
smallest
within
superfamily,
10
primary
There
little
known
about
structures
functions
subfamily;
however,
they
are
thought
to
be
involved
in
several
cellular
molecular
processes.
Recently,
there
have
been
significant
structural
biochemical
advances
for
KLHDC2,
which
has
aided
our
understanding
other
Furthermore,
small
molecules
directly
targeting
KLHDC2
identified,
act
as
tools
targeted
degradation.
This
review
utilises
this
information,
conjunction
with
a
thorough
exploration
aspects
potential
biological
summarise
relationship
between
KLHDCs
human
disease.
Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 134 - 156
Published: Feb. 21, 2025
Targeted
protein
degradation
(TPD)
provides
new
therapeutic
opportunities
beyond
traditional
inhibitors.
TPD
relies
on
the
ability
to
induce
proximity
between
an
E3
ligase
and
target
of
interest,
harnessing
ubiquitin
proteasome
system
ubiquitylate
degrade
target.
This
can
be
induced
by
either
monofunctional
ligands
(molecular
glues)
or
bifunctional
molecules
that
tether
ligases
together.
DNA
encoded
libraries
(DELs)
provide
rapid
access
diverse
chemical
space
for
ligand
discovery
and,
their
design,
facilitate
development
both
molecular
glues
degraders.
BioChem,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
5(2), P. 11 - 11
Published: May 7, 2025
Proteins
are
structurally
and
functionally
diverse
biomacromolecules
that
serve
a
variety
of
essential
activities
to
ensure
complex
biological
homeostasis.
The
desire
elucidate
enhance
these
functions
has
been
at
the
forefront
research
for
many
decades.
However,
generating
active
proteins
via
recombinant
expression
or
through
chemical
total
synthesis
each
limitations
in
terms
yield
functionality.
Nature
provided
solution
this
problem
evolving
protein
ligases
catalyze
formation
amide
bonds
between
peptides/proteins,
which
can
be
exploited
by
engineers
develop
robust
functional
proteins.
Here,
we
summarize
biochemical
mechanisms
applications
multiple
cysteine-based
ligases,
especially
focusing
on
how
they
have
utilized
therapeutics
engineering,
as
well
inspired
chemists
efficient
methodologies
(e.g.,
native
ligation).
Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
43(9), P. 114687 - 114687
Published: Aug. 30, 2024
Upon
sensing
cytosolic
viral
RNA,
retinoic
acid-inducible
gene-I-like
receptors
(RLRs)
interact
with
mitochondrial
antiviral
signaling
proteins
(MAVSs)
to
activate
IRF3
and
nuclear
factor
κB
(NF-κB)
signaling,
initiating
innate
immune
responses.
Thus,
RLR
activation
plays
a
vital
role
in
the
removal
of
invasive
RNA
viruses
while
maintaining
homeostasis.
However,
inadequate
or
excessive
immunity
can
cause
harm
even
lead
lethal
consequences.
In
this
study,
we
identify
an
E3
ligase,
ankyrin
repeat
IBR
domain
containing
1
(ANKIB1),
which
suppresses
via
MAVS.
ANKIB1
binds
MAVS
enhance
K48-linked
polyubiquitination
K311R,
causing
proteasomal
degradation
Deficiency
significantly
increases
RLR-mediated
production
type
I
interferon
(IFN)
along
pro-inflammatory
factors.
Consequently,
deficiency
remarkably
decreases
replication
vivo.
Therefore,
reveal
that
restricts
RLR-induced
activation,
indicating
its
potential
as
therapeutic
target
for
infections.
Journal of Advanced Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Gut
microbes
and
their
metabolites
play
crucial
roles
in
the
pathogenesis
of
diabetic
kidney
disease
(DKD).
However,
which
one
how
specific
gut-derived
affect
progression
DKD
remain
largely
unknown.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(16), P. 8800 - 8800
Published: Aug. 13, 2024
Spinal
muscular
atrophy
(SMA)
is
one
of
the
most
frequent
causes
death
in
childhood.
The
disease’s
molecular
basis
deletion
or
mutations
SMN1
gene,
which
produces
reduced
survival
motor
neuron
protein
(SMN)
levels.
As
a
result,
there
spinal
degeneration
and
large
increase
muscle
atrophy,
ubiquitin–proteasome
system
(UPS)
plays
significant
role.
In
humans,
paralogue
SMN1,
SMN2
encodes
truncated
SMNΔ7.
Structural
differences
between
SMN
SMNΔ7
affect
interaction
proteins
with
UPS
decrease
stability
protein.
loss
affects
general
ubiquitination
process
by
lowering
levels
UBA1,
main
enzymes
process.
We
discuss
how
both
process,
involved
could
be
used
as
future
targets
for
SMA
treatment.