Essential roles of the unfolded protein response in intestinal physiology DOI Creative Commons
Claudio Hetz, Juan Francisco Silva-Agüero, Lisa Ellerby

et al.

eGastroenterology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. e100129 - e100129

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

The intestinal epithelium serves as an essential interface between the host and microbiota, regulating innate adaptive immunity, absorption of nutrients systemic metabolism, mediating bidirectional communication with nervous system. suffers constant challenges to proteostasis machinery due its exposure dynamically changing microbial laden lumenal gut environment high secretory demand placed on multiple epithelial cell types accommodate physiology-especially goblet, enteroendocrine Paneth cells. In all cases, cells require active unfolded protein response (UPR) sustain their physiological function, main pathway that monitors adjusts function changes in environment. A specialised endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor uniquely expressed lining mucosal surfaces, termed inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease β, has specific roles homeostasis, mucus production microbiota. Chronic ER or genetic mutations affecting key UPR mediators contribute occurrence inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative colitis, addition colon cancer. Here, we review recent advances linking physiology disease. Therapeutic strategies alleviate enforce improve ageing diseases are also discussed.

Language: Английский

Filamentous bacteriophage M13 induces proinflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells DOI Creative Commons

Ambarish C. Varadan,

Juris A. Grasis

Infection and Immunity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Bacteriophages are the dominant members of human enteric virome and can shape bacterial communities in gut; however, our understanding how they directly impact health disease is limited. Previous studies have shown that specific bacteriophage populations expanded patients with Crohn’s (CD) ulcerative colitis (UC), suggesting fluctuations may contribute to intestinal inflammation. Based on these studies, we hypothesized a high burden induces epithelial responses. We found filamentous bacteriophages M13 Fd induced dose-dependent IL-8 expression cell line HT-29 greater degree than their lytic counterparts, T4 ϕX174. also M13, but not Fd, reduced internalization cells. This led us investigate mechanism underlying M13-mediated inhibition by examining antiviral antimicrobial responses upregulated type I III IFN expressions augmented short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-mediated LL-37 Taken together, data establish affect These results provide new insights into complex interactions between mucosa, which underlie pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Gut Aging: A wane from the normal to repercussion and Gerotherapeutic strategies DOI Creative Commons
Joseph Kofi Abankwah, Ying Wang, Jida Wang

et al.

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(19), P. e37883 - e37883

Published: Sept. 13, 2024

Globally, age-related diseases represent a significant public health concern among the elderly population. In aging, healthy organs and tissues undergo structural functional changes that put aged adults at risk of diseases. Some include cancer, atherosclerosis, brain disorders, muscle atrophy (sarcopenia), gastrointestinal (GIT) etc. organs, decline in stem cell function is starting point many conditions extremely important GIT disorder development. Many studies have established aging affects cells their surrounding supportive niche components. Although there advancement treating intestinal rising population coupled with higher occurrence chronic gut ailments necessitates more effective therapeutic approaches to preserve health. Notable strategies such as Western medicine, traditional Chinese other health-promotion interventions been reported several hold promise mitigating disorders. This review highlights findings across various facets focus on aging-associated components, thus deviation from normal repercussion, well essential mitigate aging.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Bioactive Peptide Kwh2 Alleviated Bacterial Diarrhea in Weaning Piglets by Phosphorylating Gsk-3β to Modulate Glucose Metabolism and Downstream Transcriptional Signaling DOI
Yunhui Zhu,

Yueyang Han,

Sina Cha

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Forbiddance of antibiotic feed additives presents a challenge in animal production. We previously reported bioactive peptide KWH2 with potent antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects, presenting potential application value. This study assessed the efficiency mechanisms as dietary additive to prevent bacterial diarrhea weaning pigs. A total 32 pigs (7.7 ± 0.68 kg) were assigned 4 groups balanced by weight. Experiment contained two phases (phase I: day 0 3; phase II: 3 7). Dietary arrangements follow: Con (basal diet for both phases), Pep supplementing 50 mg/day + Bac 1010 CFU/mL Salmonella choleraesuis second phase), phase). Under basal condition, had minor effect on growth performance, only tending increase ADFI during 7 7-day experiment (P < 0.1). challenged supplementation abated destroy effects choleraesuis. The 1) restored final body weight, ADG, overall; 2) reduced occurrence attenuated severity diarrhea, 3) decreased serum DAO D-Lac, 4) maintained villous structure increased ratio villus heigh/ crypt depth; 5) density diameter microvillus jejunum 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis based transcriptome data suggested that regulated glucose homeostasis, cell survival, immunity response pathogenic stimuli Western blotting revealed acted phosphorylating synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β). Additionally, phosphorylation GSK-3β was accompanied inflammation response, accelerated cycle, protein expression Myc. Conclusively, protected intestinal health from infection via related signaling.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Gut Aging: A Wane from the Normal to Repercussion and Gerotherapeutic Strategies DOI
Joseph Kofi Abankwah, Ying Wang, Jida Wang

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Filamentous bacteriophages induce proinflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells DOI Creative Commons

Ambarish C. Varadan,

Juris A. Grasis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract Bacteriophages are the dominant members of human enteric virome and can shape bacterial communities in gut; however, our understanding how they directly impact health disease is limited. Previous studies have shown that specific bacteriophage populations expanded patients with Crohn’s (CD) ulcerative colitis (UC), suggesting fluctuations may contribute to intestinal inflammation. Based on these studies, we hypothesized a high burden induces epithelial responses. We found filamentous inoviruses M13 Fd induced dose-dependent IL-8 expression cell line HT-29 greater degree than their lytic counterparts T4 ϕX174 did. also M13, but not Fd, reduced internalization cells. This led us investigate mechanism underlying M13-mediated inhibition by examining antiviral antimicrobial responses upregulated Type I III IFN augmented short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-mediated LL-37 Taken together, data establish affect These results provide new insights into complex interactions between bacteriophages mucosa, which underlie pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Redox signaling in intestinal mucosal wound healing DOI

Pavel Marković,

Jan Homolak

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Apple polysaccharide improves age-matched cognitive impairment and intestinal aging through microbiota-gut-brain axis DOI Creative Commons
Wenming Zhang,

Yuchun Zhong,

Zhuoya Wang

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 13, 2024

Abstract The Apple polysaccharides (AP), extracted from the fruit of apple, has been used to treat multiple pathological diseases. In this study, we evaluated effects AP on cognitive impairment and intestinal aging in naturally mice. As a result, it was found that could improve spatial learning memory mice through Morris water maze experiment. Additionally, intervention can upregulate expression nerve growth factor (BDNF), postsynaptic marker (PSD95), presynaptic (SYP) proteins. Moreover, enhance total antioxidant capacity, reduce level pro-inflammatory cytokine, inhibit activation NF-κB signaling pathway, exerting anti-inflammatory functions. And administration restored mucosal barrier function, reduced apoptosis related also altered gut microbiota At genus level, decreased abundance Helicobacter Bilophila , while increased Lactobacillus Bacteroides . summary, these data demonstrate treatment alleviate impairment, oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions, repair barrier, aging, alter specific microbial characteristics, ultimately improving health elderly.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Morphological and functional features of the colonic mucus barrier in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease and acute uncomplicated diverticulitis DOI

H. A. Dorohavtseva,

А. Е. Дорофєєв,

Olena O. Dyadyk

et al.

Wiadomości Lekarskie, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 77(7), P. 1331 - 1337

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Aim: The purpose was to identify the morphological and functional features of colonic mucus barrier in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease acute diverticulitis. Materials Methods: In research, three groups were formed. Group 1 included fragments mucous membrane large intestine, which collected from 12 people during autopsies. results autopsies histological examination material did not reveal any gastrointestinal pathology. 2 biopsies intestine area diverticulum 34 disease. 3 26 Histological (hematoxylin eosin staining), histochemical (PAS reaction) immunohistochemical (mouse monoclonal antibodies Mucin (MUC2) 4 (MUC4)) staining methods used. A morphometric study also carried out. Results: disease, authors identified disturbances morphofunctional state colon, structure function goblet cells contained its membrane, characterized by a decrease thickness layer covering surface membrane; size number their mucus-producing ability; change mucin profile, violation content MUC2 MUC4. These changes greatest diverticulitis compared Conclusions: structural may be one mechanisms for development

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Regulatory T Cells play a role in determining the tumourigenicity of the Intestinal Stem Cell Niche DOI Creative Commons
Ana Padilha, Emma Jones,

Scott Cutting

et al.

Gastro Hep Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 100559 - 100559

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Regulation of the Intestinal Stem Cell Pool and Proliferation in Drosophila DOI Creative Commons

Simona Trubin,

Dhruv B. Patel,

Aiguo Tian

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(22), P. 1856 - 1856

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Understanding the regulation of somatic stem cells, both during homeostasis and in response to environmental challenges like injury, infection, chemical exposure, nutritional changes, is critical because their dysregulation can result tissue degeneration or tumorigenesis. The use models such as Drosophila mammalian adult intestines offers valuable insights into regeneration, advancing our knowledge cell biology cancer development. This review highlights significant findings from recent studies, unveiling molecular mechanisms that govern self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, regeneration intestinal cells (ISCs). These not only enhance understanding normal maintenance but also provide perspectives on how ISC dysfunction lead pathological conditions colorectal (CRC).

Language: Английский

Citations

0