eGastroenterology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
2(4), P. e100129 - e100129
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
The
intestinal
epithelium
serves
as
an
essential
interface
between
the
host
and
microbiota,
regulating
innate
adaptive
immunity,
absorption
of
nutrients
systemic
metabolism,
mediating
bidirectional
communication
with
nervous
system.
suffers
constant
challenges
to
proteostasis
machinery
due
its
exposure
dynamically
changing
microbial
laden
lumenal
gut
environment
high
secretory
demand
placed
on
multiple
epithelial
cell
types
accommodate
physiology-especially
goblet,
enteroendocrine
Paneth
cells.
In
all
cases,
cells
require
active
unfolded
protein
response
(UPR)
sustain
their
physiological
function,
main
pathway
that
monitors
adjusts
function
changes
in
environment.
A
specialised
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
stress
sensor
uniquely
expressed
lining
mucosal
surfaces,
termed
inositol-requiring
transmembrane
kinase/endoribonuclease
β,
has
specific
roles
homeostasis,
mucus
production
microbiota.
Chronic
ER
or
genetic
mutations
affecting
key
UPR
mediators
contribute
occurrence
inflammatory
bowel
disease
ulcerative
colitis,
addition
colon
cancer.
Here,
we
review
recent
advances
linking
physiology
disease.
Therapeutic
strategies
alleviate
enforce
improve
ageing
diseases
are
also
discussed.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(12), P. 2771 - 2771
Published: Dec. 5, 2024
Gut
health
is
crucial
in
many
ways,
such
as
improving
human
general
and
enhancing
production
agricultural
animals.
To
maximize
the
effect
of
a
healthy
gastrointestinal
tract
(GIT),
an
understanding
regulation
intestinal
functions
needed.
Proper
depend
on
activity,
composition,
behavior
epithelial
cells
(IECs).
There
are
various
types
IECs,
including
enterocytes,
Paneth
cells,
enteroendocrine
(EECs),
goblet
tuft
M
stem
(IESCs),
each
with
unique
3D
structures
IEC
distributions.
Although
communication
between
IECs
other
cell
types,
immune
neurons,
has
been
intensively
reviewed,
different
rarely
addressed.
The
present
paper
overviews
networks
among
that
influence
functions.
Intestinal
absorption
regulated
by
incretins
derived
from
EECs
induce
nutrient
transporter
activity
enterocytes.
EECs,
enterocytes
release
signals
to
activate
Notch
signaling,
which
modulates
IESC
homeostasis,
proliferation
differentiation.
immunity
can
be
altered
via
cytokines
IECs.
Finally,
tools
for
investigating
have
discussed,
novel
model
utilizing
enteroids
considered
powerful
tool
research.
Overall,
importance
communication,
especially
cover
most
functional
regulating
pathways,
overviewed
this
paper.
Such
compilation
will
helpful
developing
strategies
maintaining
gut
health.
eGastroenterology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
2(4), P. e100129 - e100129
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
The
intestinal
epithelium
serves
as
an
essential
interface
between
the
host
and
microbiota,
regulating
innate
adaptive
immunity,
absorption
of
nutrients
systemic
metabolism,
mediating
bidirectional
communication
with
nervous
system.
suffers
constant
challenges
to
proteostasis
machinery
due
its
exposure
dynamically
changing
microbial
laden
lumenal
gut
environment
high
secretory
demand
placed
on
multiple
epithelial
cell
types
accommodate
physiology-especially
goblet,
enteroendocrine
Paneth
cells.
In
all
cases,
cells
require
active
unfolded
protein
response
(UPR)
sustain
their
physiological
function,
main
pathway
that
monitors
adjusts
function
changes
in
environment.
A
specialised
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
stress
sensor
uniquely
expressed
lining
mucosal
surfaces,
termed
inositol-requiring
transmembrane
kinase/endoribonuclease
β,
has
specific
roles
homeostasis,
mucus
production
microbiota.
Chronic
ER
or
genetic
mutations
affecting
key
UPR
mediators
contribute
occurrence
inflammatory
bowel
disease
ulcerative
colitis,
addition
colon
cancer.
Here,
we
review
recent
advances
linking
physiology
disease.
Therapeutic
strategies
alleviate
enforce
improve
ageing
diseases
are
also
discussed.
