Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Aug. 18, 2023
Abstract
Adoptive
cell
therapies
(ACTs)
have
existed
for
decades.
From
the
initial
infusion
of
tumor-infiltrating
lymphocytes
to
subsequent
specific
enhanced
T
receptor
(TCR)-T
and
chimeric
antigen
(CAR)-T
therapies,
many
novel
strategies
cancer
treatment
been
developed.
Owing
its
promising
outcomes,
CAR-T
therapy
has
revolutionized
field
ACTs,
particularly
hematologic
malignancies.
Despite
these
advances,
still
limitations
in
both
autologous
allogeneic
settings,
including
practicality
toxicity
issues.
To
overcome
challenges,
researchers
focused
on
application
CAR
engineering
technology
other
types
immune
engineering.
Consequently,
several
new
based
developed,
CAR-NK,
CAR-macrophage,
CAR-γδT,
CAR-NKT.
In
this
review,
we
describe
development,
advantages,
possible
challenges
aforementioned
ACTs
discuss
current
aimed
at
maximizing
therapeutic
potential
ACTs.
We
also
provide
an
overview
various
gene
transduction
employed
immunotherapy
given
their
importance
Furthermore,
possibility
that
capable
creating
a
positive
feedback
circuit,
as
healthy
systems
do,
could
address
flaw
single
type
ACT,
thus
serve
key
players
future
immunotherapy.
Cell,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
185(2), P. 250 - 265.e16
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Methods
to
deliver
gene
editing
agents
in
vivo
as
ribonucleoproteins
could
offer
safety
advantages
over
nucleic
acid
delivery
approaches.
We
report
the
development
and
application
of
engineered
DNA-free
virus-like
particles
(eVLPs)
that
efficiently
package
base
editor
or
Cas9
ribonucleoproteins.
By
engineering
VLPs
overcome
cargo
packaging,
release,
localization
bottlenecks,
we
developed
fourth-generation
eVLPs
mediate
efficient
several
primary
mouse
human
cell
types.
Using
different
glycoproteins
alters
their
cellular
tropism.
Single
injections
into
mice
support
therapeutic
levels
multiple
tissues,
reducing
serum
Pcsk9
78%
following
63%
liver
editing,
partially
restoring
visual
function
a
model
genetic
blindness.
In
vitro
off-target
from
was
virtually
undetected,
an
improvement
AAV
plasmid
delivery.
These
results
establish
promising
vehicles
for
macromolecule
combine
key
both
viral
nonviral
Cell,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
185(15), P. 2806 - 2827
Published: July 1, 2022
In
vivo
gene
editing
therapies
offer
the
potential
to
treat
root
causes
of
many
genetic
diseases.
Realizing
promise
therapeutic
in
requires
ability
safely
and
efficiently
deliver
agents
relevant
organs
tissues
vivo.
Here,
we
review
current
delivery
technologies
that
have
been
used
enable
editing,
including
viral
vectors,
lipid
nanoparticles,
virus-like
particles.
Since
no
single
modality
is
likely
be
appropriate
for
every
possible
application,
compare
benefits
drawbacks
each
method
highlight
opportunities
future
improvements.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: May 1, 2021
Abstract
Due
to
their
efficient
recognition
and
lysis
of
malignant
cells,
natural
killer
(NK)
cells
are
considered
as
specialized
immune
that
can
be
genetically
modified
obtain
capable
effector
for
adoptive
cellular
treatment
cancer
patients.
However,
biological
technical
hurdles
related
gene
delivery
into
NK
have
dramatically
restrained
progress.
Recent
technological
advancements,
including
improved
cell
expansion
techniques,
chimeric
antigen
receptors
(CAR),
CRISPR/Cas9
editing
enhanced
viral
transduction
electroporation,
endowed
comprehensive
generation
characterization
cells.
These
promising
developments
assist
scientists
physicians
design
better
applications
in
clinical
therapy.
Notably,
redirecting
using
CARs
holds
important
promise
immunotherapy.
Various
preclinical
a
limited
number
studies
CAR-NK
show
results:
elimination
target
without
side
effects,
such
cytokine
release
syndrome
neurotoxicity
which
seen
CAR-T
therapies.
In
this
review,
we
focus
on
the
details
technology,
safe
CAR
constructs
associated
engineering
techniques:
vehicles
deliver
CAR-containing
transgene,
detection
methods
CARs,
well
sources
expansion.
We
summarize
current
literature
include
valuable
lessons
learned
from
field.
This
review
also
provides
an
outlook
how
these
approaches
may
transform
products
protocols
treatment.
npj Vaccines,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: Aug. 5, 2021
Abstract
Adenoviral
vectors
have
been
explored
as
vaccine
agents
for
a
range
of
infectious
diseases,
and
their
ability
to
induce
potent
balanced
immune
response
made
them
logical
candidates
apply
the
COVID-19
pandemic.
The
unique
molecular
characteristics
these
enabled
rapid
development
vaccines
with
advanced
designs
capable
overcoming
biological
challenges
faced
by
early
adenoviral
vector
systems.
These
successes
urgency
situation
resulted
in
flurry
candidate
from
both
academia
industry.
represent
some
lead
currently
supported
Operation
Warp
Speed
other
government
agencies
translational
development.
This
review
details
human
clinical
trials
provides
an
overview
new
technologies
employed
design.
As
formed
cornerstone
global
vaccination
campaign,
this
full
consideration
impact
emerging
platform.
Methods and Protocols,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
4(1), P. 10 - 10
Published: Jan. 20, 2021
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
represent
a
family
of
short
non-coding
regulatory
RNA
molecules
that
are
produced
in
tissue
and
time-specific
manner
to
orchestrate
gene
expression
post-transcription.
MiRNAs
hybridize
target
mRNA(s)
induce
translation
repression
or
mRNA
degradation.
Functional
studies
have
demonstrated
miRNAs
engaged
virtually
every
physiological
process
and,
consequently,
miRNA
dysregulations
been
linked
multiple
human
pathologies.
Thus,
mimics
anti-miRNAs
restore
downregulate
aberrantly
expressed
miRNAs,
respectively,
highly
sought-after
therapeutic
strategies
for
effective
manipulation
levels.
In
this
regard,
carrier
vehicles
facilitate
proficient
safe
delivery
miRNA-based
therapeutics
fundamental
the
clinical
success
these
pharmaceuticals.
Here,
we
highlight
strengths
weaknesses
current
state-of-the-art
viral
non-viral
systems
provide
perspective
on
how
tools
can
be
exploited
improve
outcomes
therapeutics.
